Question 1

MATCHING&#10;Match the condition with its definition.&#10;a.Inflammation of the vaginal mucosa resulting in an abnormal discharge and offensive odor or itching&#10;b.Polymicrobial type of vaginitis characterized by mild perivaginal irritation and a foul-smelling discharge&#10;c.Infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy&#10;d.Mild-to-severe inflammation of the testicles that is generally acquired by bloodborne dissemination of viruses such as the mumps virus&#10;Bacterial vaginosis

Accepted Answer

Bacterial vaginosis is a polymicrobial type of vaginitis characterized by mild perivaginal irritation and a foul-smelling discharge.

Answer: A
 Vaginitis is inflammation of the vaginal mucosa resulting in an abnormal discharge and offensive odor or itching.

Answer: C
 Chorioamnionitis is an infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy.

Answer: D
 Orchitis is a mild-to-severe inflammation of the testicles that is generally acquired by bloodborne dissemination of viruses such as the mumps virus.

Question 2

An infection of the vaginal mucosa resulting in an abnormal discharge and offensive odor or itching is referred to as:&#10;A) chorioamnionitis.&#10;B) bartholinitis.&#10;C) cervicitis.&#10;D) vaginitis.

Accepted Answer

Inflammation of the vaginal mucosa, vaginitis, is a common clinical syndrome accounting for approximately 10 million office visits each year.Women with vaginal symptoms often complain of an abnormal discharge and possibly other symptoms such as an offensive odor or itching.The three most common causes of vaginitis in premenopausal women are vaginal candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis, and trichomoniasis.

Question 3

An infection that results when cervical microorganisms travel upward to the endometrium, fallopian tubes, and other pelvic structures and produce inflammatory conditions such as endometritis, salpingitis, peritonitis, or abscesses is:

A) chorioamnionitis.
B) bartholinitis.
C) cervicitis.
D) PID.

Accepted Answer

PID is an infection that results when cervical microorganisms travel upward to the endometrium, fallopian tubes, and other pelvic structures.This infection can produce one or more of the following inflammatory conditions: endometritis, salpingitis (inflammation of the salpinges), localized or generalized peritonitis, or abscesses involving the fallopian tubes or ovaries.Patients with PID often have intermittent abdominal pain and tenderness, vaginal discharge, dysuria, and possibly systemic symptoms such as fever, weight loss, and headache.Serious complications, such as permanent scarring of the fallopian tubes and infertility, can arise if PID is left untreated.

Question 4

The type of vaginitis referred to as bacterial vaginosis is thought to be caused by:&#10;A) Gardnerella vaginalis.&#10;B) Streptococcus agalactiae.&#10;C) Lactobacillus spp.&#10;D) Enterococcus spp.

Accepted Answer

Current understanding is that bacterial vaginosis has a polymicrobial cause, involving G.vaginalis and other facultative and anaerobic organisms along with the loss of vaginal lactobacilli.

Question 5

MATCHING&#10;Match the condition with its definition.&#10;a.Inflammation of the vaginal mucosa resulting in an abnormal discharge and offensive odor or itching&#10;b.Polymicrobial type of vaginitis characterized by mild perivaginal irritation and a foul-smelling discharge&#10;c.Infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy&#10;d.Mild-to-severe inflammation of the testicles that is generally acquired by bloodborne dissemination of viruses such as the mumps virus&#10;Vaginitis

Accepted Answer

Vaginitis is inflammation of the vaginal mucosa resulting in an abnormal discharge and offensive odor or itching.

Answer: B 
 Gardnerella vaginalis is a polymicrobial type of vaginitis characterized by mild perivaginal irritation and a foul-smelling discharge.

Answer: C 
 Chorioamnionitis is an infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy.

Answer: D 
 Orchitis is mild-to-severe inflammation of the testicles that is generally acquired by bloodborne dissemination of viruses such as the mumps virus.

Question 6

MATCHING&#10;Match the condition with its definition.&#10;a.Inflammation of the vaginal mucosa resulting in an abnormal discharge and offensive odor or itching&#10;b.Polymicrobial type of vaginitis characterized by mild perivaginal irritation and a foul-smelling discharge&#10;c.Infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy&#10;d.Mild-to-severe inflammation of the testicles that is generally acquired by bloodborne dissemination of viruses such as the mumps virus&#10;Orchitis

Accepted Answer

Orchitis is the inflammation of the testicles, usually caused by a viral infection such as the mumps virus. Symptoms may include testicular pain, swelling and tenderness.

Answer: C 
 Chorioamnionitis is an infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy. It can cause fever, abdominal pain, and fetal distress. It can be caused by bacteria ascending from the vagina or from medical interventions during labor and delivery.

Answer: A 
 Bacterial vaginosis is a polymicrobial type of vaginitis characterized by mild perivaginal irritation and a foul-smelling discharge. It is caused by an imbalance of the normal vaginal flora, allowing for overgrowth of certain types of bacteria. Symptoms may include vaginal itching or burning, and a strong fishy odor.

Incorrect option: B 
 This definition matches bacterial vaginosis, not orchitis.

Question 7

The flora of the female genital tract:&#10;A) consists primarily of staphylococci, corynebacteria, and Neisseria.&#10;B) consists primarily of Enterobacteriaceae, streptococci, and staphylococci.&#10;C) consists primarily of Streptococcus agalactiae and staphylococci.&#10;D) varies with the pH and estrogen concentration of the mucosa.

Accepted Answer

The lining of the normal human genital tract is a mucosal layer made up of transitional, columnar, and squamous epithelial cells.Various species of commensal bacteria colonize these surfaces, causing no harm to the host except under abnormal circumstances and helping prevent the adherence of pathogenic organisms.The flora of the female genital tract varies with the pH and estrogen concentration of the mucosa, which depends on the host's age.Prepubescent and postmenopausal women harbor primarily staphylococci and corynebacteria (the same flora present on surface epithelium), whereas women of reproductive age may harbor large numbers of facultative bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae, streptococci, and staphylococci, as well as anaerobes such as lactobacilli, anaerobic non-spore-forming bacilli and cocci, and clostridia.Lactobacilli are the predominant organisms in secretions from normal, healthy vaginas.Recent studies have shown that hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacilli are most associated with a healthy state.The numbers of anaerobic organisms remain constant throughout the monthly cycle.Many women carry group B beta-hemolytic streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae), which may be transmitted to the neonate.Although yeast (acquired from the gastrointestinal tract)may be transiently recovered from the female vaginal tract, it is not considered normal flora.

Question 8

The predominant organisms in vaginal secretions from normal prepubescent girls and postmenopausal women are:&#10;A) lactobacilli.&#10;B) Streptococcus agalactiae.&#10;C) Enterobacteriaceae.&#10;D) staphylococci.

Accepted Answer

The lining of the normal human genital tract is a mucosal layer made up of transitional, columnar, and squamous epithelial cells.Various species of commensal bacteria colonize these surfaces, causing no harm to the host except under abnormal circumstances and helping prevent the adherence of pathogenic organisms.The flora of the female genital tract varies with the pH and estrogen concentration of the mucosa, which depends on the host's age.Prepubescent and postmenopausal women harbor primarily staphylococci and corynebacteria (the same flora present on surface epithelium).

Question 9

An infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy is called:&#10;A) PID.&#10;B) bartholinitis.&#10;C) cervicitis.&#10;D) chorioamnionitis.

Accepted Answer

Chorioamnionitis is an infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy.This infection is commonly acquired by organisms ascending from the vagina or cervix after premature or prolonged rupture of the membranes or labor.

Question 10

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enteric organisms
g.Mumps virus
Nongonococcal urethritis

Accepted Answer

Nongonococcal urethritis is most commonly caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Question 11

A culture performed on a vaginal specimen collected from a 60-year-old woman would likely grow primarily:&#10;A) group B beta-hemolytic streptococci.&#10;B) staphylococci and corynebacteria.&#10;C) Enterobacteriaceae, streptococci, staphylococci, lactobacilli, and anaerobes.&#10;D) Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., and Mobiluncus spp.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A culture performed on a vaginal specimen...

Question 12

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enteric organisms
g.Mumps virus
Nongonococcal urethritis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the disease with the causative agent.&#10;a.Anaerobic...

Question 13

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enteric organisms
g.Mumps virus
Nongonococcal urethritis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the disease with the causative agent.&#10;a.Anaerobic...

Question 14

MATCHING&#10;Match the condition with its definition.&#10;a.Inflammation of the vaginal mucosa resulting in an abnormal discharge and offensive odor or itching&#10;b.Polymicrobial type of vaginitis characterized by mild perivaginal irritation and a foul-smelling discharge&#10;c.Infection of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy&#10;d.Mild-to-severe inflammation of the testicles that is generally acquired by bloodborne dissemination of viruses such as the mumps virus&#10;Chorioamnionitis

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING&#10;Match the condition with its definition.&#10;a.Inflammation of...

Question 15

The predominant organism in vaginal secretions from normal women of reproductive age is:&#10;A) lactobacilli.&#10;B) Streptococcus agalactiae.&#10;C) Enterobacteriaceae.&#10;D) staphylococci.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The predominant organism in vaginal secretions from...

Question 16

A culture performed on a vaginal specimen collected from a 38-year-old woman would likely grow primarily:&#10;A) group B beta-hemolytic streptococci.&#10;B) staphylococci and corynebacteria.&#10;C) lactobacilli, Enterobacteriaceae, streptococci, and staphylococci.&#10;D) Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., and Mobiluncus spp.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A culture performed on a vaginal specimen...

Question 17

Infections that are acquired during sexual activity are referred to as:&#10;A) endogenous infections.&#10;B) pyelonephritis.&#10;C) exogenous infections.&#10;D) upper tract infections.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Infections that are acquired during sexual activity...

Question 18

Large amounts of epithelial cells, many of which are covered by tiny gram-variable rods and coccobacilli, and the absence of inflammatory cells in vaginal discharge are signs of:&#10;A) pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).&#10;B) bartholinitis.&#10;C) cervicitis.&#10;D) bacterial vaginosis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Large amounts of epithelial cells, many of...

Question 19

Proper design of a urogenital swab expressly intended for the collection of urethral discharge should include what feature?&#10;A) Charcoal-treated cotton or rayon&#10;B) Antibiotic-treated calcium alginate&#10;C) Nonflexible Shaft of wood and not flexible&#10;D) Dacron-tipped swabs

Accepted Answer

The answer of Proper design of a urogenital swab expressly...

Question 20

An organism that many women carry as part of their normal genital microbial flora that may be transmitted to the neonate during childbirth is:&#10;A) Staphylococcus.&#10;B) Escherichia coli.&#10;C) Streptococcus agalactiae.&#10;D) Gardnerella vaginalis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An organism that many women carry as...

Question 21

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enteric organisms
g.Mumps virus
Nongonococcal urethritis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the disease with the causative agent.&#10;a.Anaerobic...

Question 22

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enteric organisms
g.Mumps virus
Nongonococcal urethritis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the disease with the causative agent.&#10;a.Anaerobic...

Question 23

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enteric organisms
g.Mumps virus
Nongonococcal urethritis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the disease with the causative agent.&#10;a.Anaerobic...

Question 24

Match the disease with the causative agent.
a.Anaerobic and polymicrobic infections originating from normal genital flora
b.Chlamydia trachomatis
c.Gardnerella, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Mobiluncus spp.
d.Neisseria gonorrhoeae
e.Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis
f.Escherichia coli and other enteric organisms
g.Mumps virus
Nongonococcal urethritis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the disease with the causative agent.&#10;a.Anaerobic...

Deck 73: Genital Tract Infections