Deck 8: Diseases of the Respiratory System

Question 1

The average incidence of the common cold is _____ colds per year in adulthood.

A)one to two
B)two to three
C)three to four
D)four to five

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the signs and symptoms of the common cold.

A)mucus plugs
B)runny nose
C)sneezing
D)sore throat

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Pulmonary function tests are used to measure the _____.

A)air flow within the lungs
B)amount of oxygen saturation
C)oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange
D)size and location of an embolism

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The activity of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles is regulated by the _____ in the brain.

A)medulla and pons
B)occipital lobe and temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe and frontal lobe
D)thalamus and cerebrum

Question 5

The _____ descends downward and branches into two primary bronchi, one for each lung.

A)alveoli
B)larynx
C)pharynx
D)trachea

Question 6

The _____ are surrounded by blood capillaries and are the site of gas exchange.

A)alveoli
B)bronchi
C)larynx
D)trachea

Question 7

Oxygenated blood is _____ in color.

A)blue
B)bright red
C)dark red
D)purple

Question 8

_____ sounds sound like air being blown through a hollow tube.

A)Bronchial
B)Laryngeal
C)Pharyngeal
D)Tracheal

Question 9

Physical examination of the respiratory system begins with _____, or listening to the chest with a stethoscope.

A)auscultation
B)inspection
C)palpation
D)percussion

Question 10

The bronchioles terminate in the lungs as small air sacs called the _____.

A)alveoli
B)diaphragm
C)epithelium
D)pleura

Question 11

_____ fluid lubricates the lung and thoracic surfaces, reducing friction as the lungs expand and contract.

A)Endocrine
B)Exocrine
C)Mucus
D)Pleural

Question 12

The difference in _____ pressure acts as a partial vacuum and prevents the lung from collapsing.

A)diaphragm
B)epithelium
C)intrapleural
D)pericardial

Question 13

Normal oxygen saturation rates are greater than _____.

A)60%
B)70%
C)80%
D)90%

Question 14

In most cases, a(n)_____ test is repeated three times to get an accurate measurement.

A)arterial blood gas
B)bronchial challenge
C)pulmonary function
D)spirometer

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the risk factors for the common cold?

A)age
B)being immunocompromised
C)exposure to infected people
D)genetics

Question 16

What time of year is the common cold more prevalent?

A)fall and winter
B)spring and summer
C)summer and fall
D)winter and spring

Question 17

The most common cause of the common cold is the _____.

A)coronavirus
B)rhinovirus
C)Staphylococcus aureus bacteria
D)Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria

Question 18

The _____ exert a sweeping action, preventing dust and foreign particles from reaching the lungs.

A)cilia
B)larynx
C)pharynx
D)trachea

Question 19

With _____, or tapping on the chest, the note raised and the vibration felt give clues to the state of the underlying lung and pleura.

A)auscultation
B)inspection
C)palpation
D)percussion

Question 20

The _____ test is used to detect and quantify airway hypersensitivity.

A)arterial blood gas
B)bronchial challenge
C)pulmonary function
D)spirometer

Question 21

A desensitizing procedure may be used with people suffering from _____ to stimulate the production of antibodies.

A)allergic rhinitis
B)cystic fibrosis
C)pneumonia
D)pulmonary embolisms

Question 22

People with a latent TB infection are _____.

A)asymptomatic and cannot spread the infection to others
B)asymptomatic but can spread the infection to others
C)symptomatic and can spread the infection to others
D)symptomatic but cannot spread the infection to others

Question 23

A seasonal vaccination can be used to prevent _____.

A)allergic rhinitis
B)emphysema
C)pharyngitis
D)pneumonia

Question 24

With pneumonia, the _____ fill with pus and fluid, which makes breathing painful and limits oxygen intake.

A)alveoli
B)larynx
C)pharnyx
D)trachea

Question 25

One of the symptoms of sinusitis is the loss of _____.

A)hearing
B)smell
C)taste
D)touch

Question 26

In TB, healed lesions, visible on x-ray, are called _____.

A)caseous
B)emphysema
C)Mantoux
D)tubercles

Question 27

Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the _____.

A)bronchi
B)lungs
C)nose
D)throat

Question 28

The main symptom of laryngitis is _____.

A)dypnea
B)dysphonia
C)hemoptysis
D)tachypnea

Question 29

In allergic rhinitis, _____ binds to mast cells and induces them to release histamine.

A)IgA
B)IgE
C)IgG
D)IgM

Question 30

Tuberculosis is caused by a _____.

A)bacteria
B)fungi
C)parasite
D)virus

Question 31

One of the risk factors for tonsillitis is _____.

A)being female
B)being male
C)old age
D)young age

Question 32

COPD is characterized by _____ that is not fully reversible.

A)blocked or reduced blood flow through alveolar capillaries
B)infectious agents, most often viral
C)interference with air flow
D)interference with diffusion of gases at the respiratory membrane

Question 33

The most common cause of laryngitis is a _____ infection.

A)bacterial
B)fungul
C)parasitic
D)viral

Question 34

Treatment for _____ may include nasal steroids and antihistamines.

A)allergic rhinitis
B)common cold
C)influenza
D)pharyngitis

Question 35

The flu is a _____ infection.

A)bacterial
B)fungul
C)parasitic
D)viral

Question 36

Generally, two distinct diseases fall into the category of COPD: _____.

A)asthma and tuberculosis
B)atelectasis and pneumothorax
C)emphysema and chronic bronchitis
D)pleuritis and cystic fibrosis

Question 37

In pneumonia, the percussion note is _____.

A)dull
B)hyperresonance
C)resonance
D)tympany

Question 38

Tuberculosis is spread by _____.

A)air droplets
B)contaminated food
C)improper handwashing
D)secondhand smoke

Question 39

A rapid strep test and/or throat culture would be used to diagnose _____.

A)bronchitis
B)laryngitis
C)sinusitis
D)tonsillitis

Question 40

A nasal endoscopy might be used to diagnose _____.

A)laryngitis
B)pharyngitis
C)sinusitis
D)tonsillitis

Question 41

Pursed-lip breathing or exhaling through puckered lips is associated with _____.

A)atelectasis
B)COPD
C)emphysema
D)pleuritis

Question 42

On average _____ square feet of the respiratory membrane is lost each year after age 30.

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Question 43

A treatment for _____ may include inserting a needle or tube into the chest cavity.

A)atelectasis
B)chronic bronchitis
C)cystic fibrosis
D)pneumothorax

Question 44

Normal arterial blood gases should be high in carbon dioxide and low in oxygen.

Question 45

Because the mucous membranes that line the nasal cavity extend into and line the sinuses, a common cold often leads to sinusitis.

Question 46

_____ accounts for 80% of lung cancers.

A)CF
B)COPD
C)NSCLC
D)PE

Question 47

There are two basic types of medications used in _____ treatment: steroids and other anti-inflammatory medications and bronchodilators.

A)asthma
B)bronchitis
C)COPD
D)cystic fibrosis

Question 48

Colds are caused by more than 200 different viruses.

Question 49

The tonsils are fleshy pieces of lymphatic tissue.

Question 50

The signs and symptoms of the flu come on gradually, but last for a long period of time.

Question 51

The main symptom of laryngitis is a sore throat.

Question 52

The entire lining of the respiratory tract is coated with a mucus film.

Question 53

The average incidence of the common cold is five to seven colds per year in preschool children.

Question 54

_____ is a collapse of lung tissue affecting part or all of one lung.

A)Asthma
B)Atelectasis
C)Cystic fibrosis
D)Embolism

Question 55

The most common treatment for _____ is anticoagulants.

A)CF
B)COPD
C)NSCLC
D)PE

Question 56

Cystic fibrosis is an _____ disease.

A)autoimmune
B)idiopathic
C)infectious
D)inherited

Question 57

People with CF have a higher than normal level of _____ in their sweat.

A)magnesium
B)potassium
C)salt
D)water

Question 58

Peak flow measures the maximum force with which a patient can exhale.

Question 59

In _____, the alveolar walls break down, adjacent alveoli fuse, and the lungs lose their elasticity.

A)atelectasis
B)COPD
C)emphysema
D)pleuritis

Question 60

Pleural fluid reduces surface tension, which helps keep the lungs flexible.

Question 61

The fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii is a common cause of pneumonia in patients with AIDS.

Question 62

The main cause of COPD is tobacco use.

Question 63

The etiology of asthma is idiopathic.

Question 64

The main symptom of pleuritis is a sharp chest pain.

Question 65

Because the onset of emphysema is gradual, many cases are not diagnosed until irreversible damage has occurred.

Question 66

Emphysema may be inherited, involving a genetic deficiency of alpha-1-antitrypsin.

Question 67

The lungs are encased by a double membrane consisting of two layers called _____.

Question 68

Air enters the nasal and oral cavity, passes through the pharynx, and down the larynx to the _____.

Question 69

Cystic fibrosis affects the endocrine glands, causing secretion of excessive thick mucus.

Question 70

Although caused by a virus, a complication of the flu can include bacterial pneumonia.

Question 71

The _____ and the external intercostal muscles are the main muscles of inhalation.

Question 72

Numerous hair-like projections called _____ project from the surface of the pharynx and trachea.

Question 73

One of the risk factors for a PE is prolonged immobility.

Question 74

Smoking is the most common cause of atelectasis.

Question 75

Not everyone who gets infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis gets sick.

Question 76

The flu is more common in the fall months of the year.

Question 77

COPD is associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs.

Question 78

While vaccinations for TB are available, they are not used in the United States.

Question 79

In bronchitis, excessive secretion of mucous blocks airflow.

Question 80

Bronchi branch into smaller and smaller tubules called _____, which lack cartilaginous rings.