Deck 9: Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System

Question 1

Treatment for _____ involves elimination of gluten from the diet.

A)Celiac disease
B)Diverticulitis
C)Intussusception
D)Malabsorption syndrome

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The most serious danger in esophageal varices is _____.

A)bleeding
B)constipation
C)diarrhea
D)dysphagia

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The presence of irritants in the stomach stimulate sensory nerve fibers, and the message is conveyed to the vomiting center in the _____ of the brain.

A)cerebrum
B)medulla
C)occipital
D)pons

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Antibiotic therapy, along with acid reducers, is required to reduce the rate of _____ relapse.

A)celiac disease
B)malabsorption syndrome
C)peptic ulcers
D)volvulus

Question 5

_____ occurs mostly among those with risk factors such as immune deficiency and long-term antibiotic use.

A)Diabetes
B)Stomatitis
C)Varices
D)Volvulus

Question 6

_____ mainly affect alcoholics and those with cirrhosis of the liver.

A)Adhesions
B)Esophageal varices
C)Hemorrhoids
D)Intussusception

Question 7

_____ is required for absorption of vitamin B₁₂.

A)Bile
B)Chyme
C)Hydrochloric acid
D)Intrinsic factor

Question 8

_____ is diagnosed by the signs and symptoms as well as a biopsy of the small intestine.

A)Celiac disease
B)Diverticulitis
C)Intussusception
D)Malabsorption syndrome

Question 9

Diagnosis of a hiatal hernia is based on _____.

A)a chest x-ray or EGD
B)a chest x-ray or MRI
C)an abdominal x-ray or CT
D)an abdominal x-ray or GERD

Question 10

Chyme passes from the stomach into the small intestine through the _____ sphincter.

A)duodenal
B)hiatal
C)peristalsis
D)pyloric

Question 11

The onset of celiac disease usually occurs in _____.

A)infancy
B)puberty
C)adulthood
D)elderly

Question 12

A barium swallow would be used to diagnose _____.

A)diabetes
B)diverticulitis
C)hepatitis
D)peptic ulcer

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT one of the three main causes of peptic ulcers?

A)Alcohol and/or tobacco use
B)Helicobacter pylori
C)Inherited disorder of acid hypersecretion
D)Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Question 14

Most digestion occurs in the first part of the small intestine, the _____.

A)colon
B)duodenum
C)ileum
D)jejunum

Question 15

_____ is a normal inhabitant of human or animal intestines.

A)Escherichia coli
B)Helicobacter pylori
C)Neisseria gonorrhea
D)Treponema pallidum

Question 16

_____ causes burning chest pains, "heartburn," which can resemble the pain of heart disease.

A)Esophagitis
B)Hepatitis
C)Pancreatitis
D)Stomatitis

Question 17

The painful symptoms of _____ frequently occur at night when the body is horizontal and relaxed.

A)CT
B)GERD
C)EGD
D)MRI

Question 18

The worm-like shape of the appendix is located on the _____.

A)cecum
B)duodenum
C)ileum
D)jejunum

Question 19

_____, inflammation of the lining of the abdominal cavity, usually results when digestive enzymes enter the cavity.

A)Hepatitis
B)Pancreatitis
C)Peritonitis
D)Stomatitis

Question 20

_____ is secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.

A)Bile
B)Chyme
C)GERD
D)Varices

Question 21

A(n)_____ occurs when the intestine pinches as it protrudes through muscle of the body wall.

A)adhesion
B)hiatal or inquinal hernia
C)intussusception
D)volvulus

Question 22

The pain of regional enteritis occurs in the _____ quadrant of the abdomen, where a tender mass may be felt.

A)lower left
B)lower right
C)upper left
D)upper right

Question 23

Ulcerative colitis occurs primarily in _____.

A)children
B)elderly
C)young adults, especially female
D)young adults, especially male

Question 24

The typical symptoms of _____ include diarrhea with pus, blood, and mucus in the stool.

A)diverticulitis
B)hepatitis
C)stomatitis
D)ulcerative colitis

Question 25

The signs and symptoms of regional enteritis are related to _____.

A)diarrhea
B)dysphagia
C)inflammation
D)nausea

Question 26

_____ injections provide temporary protection against hepatitis A for people exposed to it.

A)Antibiotic
B)Corticosteroid
C)Immunoglobulin
D)Vaccine

Question 27

Regional enteritis most frequently affects the _____.

A)colon
B)duodenum
C)ileum
D)jejunum

Question 28

Regional enteritis is an _____ disease of the intestine.

A)autoimmune
B)infectious
C)inflammatory
D)opportunistic

Question 29

Dysentery is an _____ disease with acute inflammation of the colon.

A)autoimmune
B)infectious
C)inflammatory
D)opportunistic

Question 30

Intestinal obstructions in which there is a decrease in peristalsis are classed _____

A)functional or organic
B)functional, organic, and paralytic
C)paralytic or functional
D)paralytic or organic

Question 31

_____ is also called portal, Laennec, or fatty nutritional cirrhosis.

A)Alcoholic cirrhosis
B)Fulminating cirrhosis
C)Hepatitis E
D)Jaundice hepatitis

Question 32

_____ results when the contents of the small intestine are rushed through the large intestine.

A)Bile
B)Constipation
C)Diarrhea
D)Flatus

Question 33

Jaundice is frequently associated with _____ disease.

A)intestinal
B)liver
C)pancreatic
D)stomach

Question 34

A(n)_____ occurs when the intestine twists upon itself.

A)adhesion
B)hiatal or inquinal hernia
C)intussusception
D)volvulus

Question 35

The pain of regional enteritis resembles that of _____.

A)appendicitis
B)hepatitis
C)pancreatitis
D)stomatitis

Question 36

Colorectal cancer grows _____.

A)quickly and tends to metastasize
B)quickly but tends to remain localized
C)slowly and tends to remain localized
D)slowly but tends to metastasize

Question 37

A(n)_____ occurs when a segment of the intestine telescopes into the part forward of it.

A)adhesion
B)hiatal or inquinal hernia
C)intussusception
D)volvulus

Question 38

Causes of _____ include heredity, poor dietary habits, inadequate fiber, overuse of laxatives, and lack of exercise.

A)flatus
B)hemorrhoids
C)proctoscope
D)prolapse

Question 39

A(n)_____ occurs when there is linking of two surfaces by fibrous scars.

A)adhesion
B)hiatal or inquinal hernia
C)intussusception
D)volvulus

Question 40

The appearance of a straight and rigid "pipestem colon" is characteristic of _____.

A)diverticulitis
B)hepatitis
C)stomatitis
D)ulcerative colitis

Question 41

Varicose veins that develop in the esophagus are called esophageal varices.

Question 42

Hydrochloric acid aids protein digestion.

Question 43

Acid reducers are more effective for peptic ulcers than are antacids.

Question 44

GERD may be caused by an incompetent pyloric sphincter.

Question 45

Hydrochloric acid secretion is under nerve and hormonal control.

Question 46

In patients with cholecystitis, the presence of _____ in the duodenum stimulates the gallbladder to contract, which causes pain.

A)carbohydrates
B)fat
C)protein
D)sugar

Question 47

Stomach cancer accounts for less than 1% of all cancers.

Question 48

Esophageal varices is caused by either a congenital defect in the diaphragm or by increased intra-abdominal pressure.

Question 49

A characteristic symptom of _____ is distention of the abdomen caused by the accumulation of fluids in the peritoneal cavity.

A)cirrhosis
B)hepatitis
C)regional enteritis
D)volvulus

Question 50

Pernicious anemia generally accompanies cancer of the stomach.

Question 51

Because bile is not secreted into the duodenum with cirrhosis, stools are _____ colored.

A)blood
B)blue
C)clay
D)green

Question 52

The pain associated with cholecystitis occurs _____.

A)in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen
B)in the lower thoracic cavity
C)midline of the umbilicus
D)under the right rib cage

Question 53

One of the most common forms of food poisoning is caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori.

Question 54

Diagnosis for esophageal varices requires an EGD.

Question 55

Gallstones can be diagnosed and located by _____.

A)barium swallow and MRI scan
B)endoscopy and CT scan
C)lab tests and biopsy
D)ultrasound and x-ray

Question 56

Blood may appear in the stool, where it gives the stool a dark, tarry appearance, referred to as melena.

Question 57

The muscular contractions of peristalsis intensify the pain associated with gastric ulcers.

Question 58

Digestion begins in the mouth.

Question 59

Inflammation of the gallbladder is usually associated with _____.

A)dystentery
B)gallstones
C)hepatitis
D)kidney failure

Question 60

The pancreas is a gland that has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

Question 61

Polyps usually give no symptoms unless a malignancy develops.

Question 62

With a proper diet, celiac disease can be prevented.

Question 63

Dysentery is relatively common in the United States, but is easily treatable.

Question 64

Pancreatitis is more prevalent in men than in women.

Question 65

A complication of chronic cholecystitis is biliary cirrhosis.

Question 66

The incidence of colon and rectal cancer is higher in men than in women.

Question 67

Because of the chronic blood loss, anemia often accompanies ulcerative colitis.

Question 68

Irritable bowel syndrome is like chronic ulcerative colitis, in that there are lesions, tumors, and ulcerations.

Question 69

In the absence of lipid enzymes from the pancreas, fat cannot be digested, resulting in greasy stools with a foul odor.

Question 70

During regional enteritis flare-ups, the inflammation can also manifest as rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 71

The symptoms of hepatitis B are similar to those of hepatitis A, but develop faster.

Question 72

Diverticular disease is most prevalent in nations where fiber consumption is lowest.

Question 73

Signs and symptoms of malnutrition include lack of energy and inability to maintain weight.

Question 74

Diverticulitis is caused by intolerance to gluten, a protein component of wheat.

Question 75

About 50% of older adults develop diverticulosis.

Question 76

Hemorrhoids are varicose veins in the lining of the intestine or colon.

Question 77

The prognosis for pancreatitis is very poor if related to alcoholism.

Question 78

Treatment for hemorrhoids includes adding fiber and water to the diet.

Question 79

The fulminating form of hepatitis B is always fatal.

Question 80

Hepatitis C viral infections is the most common reason for kidney transplants.