Deck 5: Career Counseling Intake Interview

Question 1

Identify several examples of common faulty cognitions and how these type of thoughts interfere with career development.

Answer 1

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Major Points
Examples of faulty cognitions:
There is only one vocation that is right for me.I will not be satisfied until I find the perfect career.Someone else is better at choosing the career for me than myself.Intelligence (or other) tests tell me how much I am worth (or what I will be happy doing).I must be an expert or very successful in my field of work.My career should satisfy the important people in my life.Entering a vocation will solve all my problems.I must sense intuitively that a career is the right one for me.Choosing a career is a one-time act.How these thoughts interfere:
raise anxiety
limit options
impact other aspects of career decision making, such as self-assessment and evaluating career information

Question 2

Which of the following statements is NOT one of the recommendations regarding the necessity of building an extensive body of resources for interviewing ethnic minorities?​

A)​Use straightforward, slang-free language and become familiar with cultural life-role models
B)​Identify a consultant who can provide helpful information
C)​Be direct and open at all times
D)​Become familiar with support networks for different cultural groups

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Counselors are challenged to interview clients who are culturally different.Discuss interviewing techniques for the following: family relationships; probing questions; eye contact; and life roles.

Answer 3

Family relationships are formed in unique cultural environments.In collectivist societies, family members are focused on the welfare of the family and, most importantly, the approval of the family for relevant decisions such as choosing a career.Thus, the family is deeply involved in the career choice process and should be invited to participate in potential job commitments.Counselors often use probing questions to learn more about their clients.However, in some cultures, especially Asian cultures, probing questions may be viewed as very intrusive and insulting.In these cases, the counselor must carefully select appropriate phrases for questioning.Eye contact is also a culturally related factor that must be addressed in the interview.Not all clients believe that looking someone in the eye while answering questions is appropriate.Some female clients may be especially offended by eye contact, which has different meanings in different cultures.Counselors should not judge the lack of eye contact as being shy or uninterested.Life roles are also unique to cultural socialization.Females, for example, are to be subservient in some societies.Career could be, at best, a vague term; one could be conditioned to view oneself as only a homemaker.These traditional roles can change rapidly in a new and different society.​

Question 4

Name a most important stage in the career counseling process.

A)​Client problem identification
B)​Counselor problem identification
C)​Gathering concrete statements
D)​Circumstantial information

Question 5

What is the core dimension of interviewing, especially with multicultural groups?

A)​Effective communication between clients and counselors
B)​Contextual experiences
C)​Feasibility of goals
D)​Family information

Question 6

Which of the following are included in an intake interview?

A)​Identifying client goals
B)​Health and medical information
C)​Clarifying problems
D)​All of the above

Question 7

An inclusive type of interview focuses on:

A)​dysfunctional thinking only.
B)personal concerns.
C)​career concerns.
D)​interrelationships of concerns and their effect on all life roles.

Question 8

What is the difference between borderline personality and histrionic personality disorder?

Question 9

It is necessary to be aware of cultural differences with respect to which of the following?

A)​Restrictive emotions, confrontation issues and self-disclosure
B)​Eye contact, touch, probing questions, space and distance and verbal styles
C)​Focus on self-in-relation and self-in-context
D)​All of the above

Question 10

Severe psychological disorders uncovered in the interview:

A)​Are to be addressed after career counseling
B)​Are to be addressed during the decision-making stage
C)​Are to be referred when appropriate
D)​Are to be addressed regardless of their nature

Question 11

Positive feelings of well-being are primarily associated with:​

A)​Career indecision
B)​Resiliency
C)​Use of testing
D)​Pay scale

Question 12

Explain the whole person approach.

Question 13

The level of acculturation when interviewing multicultural groups is determined by considering the following factors EXCEPT:

A)​counselor's opinion and employment status.
B)​place of birth and generation level.
C)​socioeconomic status and language preference.
D)​preferred ethnic identity and ethnic group social contacts.

Question 14

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is indicative of ______ disorder.

A)​mood
B)​anxiety
C)personality
D)​somatoform

Question 15

What are the main reasons that a career counselor needs to be alert to symptoms of psychological disorders?

A)​To identify potential barriers that can constrain one's career choice and interfere with one's career development
B)​Problem identification provides a pathway to effective interventions
C)​A and B
D)​None of the above

Question 16

What are the most important techniques to accommodate the human diversity that exists in our society?

Question 17

What is representative of the current work situation in America?

A)​There appears to be an increasing level of trust existing among workers toward their employers
B)​There is stability in the job market despite the 2009 recession
C)​Having a job that sustains one's family is assured
D)​Workers have lost the guarantee of a lifetime job, and job security no longer exists in many work environments

Question 18

From the 1990s a more comprehensive and inclusive role for the intake interview was an outcome of:​

A)​the call to disregard the interrelationship between career counseling and personal concerns.
B)​the call to focus on a specific rather than whole-person approach.
C)​the call to separate career and personal counseling.
D)the call for integrating career counseling and personal concerns of the client.

Question 19

In the whole person approach to interviewing, one is to focus on:​

A)​Interrelationships of concerns
B)​Personality disorders
C)​The current job market
D)​The influence of globalization on the job market

Question 20

Bipolar disorder is characterized by:​

A)depression only.
B)​manic phase only.
C)​an in-between stage.
D)​depressive phase and a manic phase.

Question 21

Somatization disorders are characterized by:​

A)​the individual believes that he or she has a physical defect that is apparent to everyone.
B)anxiety about a preoccupation with an imagined illness or serious physical condition that is nonexistent.
C)​the client has a serious physical problem such as blindness or paralysis, but there is no apparent physical cause.
D)​persistent complaints of multiple physical conditions that have no medical basis.

Question 22

What skills will help the counselor to detect symptoms of depression?​

A)​Good listening and observation skills
B)​Observation skills only
C)​Good judgment
D)​Listening skills only

Question 23

Discuss the ways in which a career counselor can establish and maintain rapport with clients.

Question 24

Briefly discuss the rationale for a whole person approach to the intake interview.

Question 25

One of the major goals of interviewing is to identify:​

A)​Intellectual potential
B)​Barriers to career choice and development
C)​The influence of family interactions
D)​Past work experiences

Question 26

Whiston (2009) suggests various strategies for the counselor in the clarifying problems stage.Which statement is NOT included?​

A)​The counselor needs to assess problem intensity and assess degree to which client believes the problem is changeable
B)​The counselor needs to identify methods the client has used to solve the problem previously
C)​The counselor needs to explore the problem from multiple perspectives
D)​The counselor needs to gather general rather than specific information on the problem

Question 27

Negative view of self and the world of work is primarily associated with:

A)​Careers in management
B)​Interests in working with others
C)​Mechanically oriented careers
D)​Career development

Question 28

Why is it important for counselors to sharpen their skills for detecting symptoms of disorders?

Question 29

Choose the FALSE answer from the list describing career barriers that may be the result of contextual experiences.

A)​Lack of openness to career selection
B)​Discrimination against and oppression of career ideals, lack of educational and occupational opportunities and lack of quality educational experiences
C)​Good role models
D)​Poor role models, socioeconomic disadvantages and unstable familial experiences

Question 30

Choose the correct statement regarding negative cognitions.

A)​Negative cognitions cannot cause a person to become so overwhelmed with worry that he or she becomes incapable of accomplishing even daily tasks
B)​Negative cognitions cannot lead to severe anxiety, fear and panic attacks
C)​Negative cognitions usually increase the level of demeaning self-talk that can lead to indecision and negative overgeneralizations
D)​Negative cognitions is not a form of dysfunctional thinking

Question 31

When interviewing in a multicultural context, counselors need to remember that:

A)​people are not shaped by nonshared experiences.
B)​they are interviewing individuals sharing cultural values.
C)​they do not have to focus on shared cultural values of the group.
D)​they are interviewing unique individuals who share some cultural values with others but who have also been shaped by nonshared experiences.

Question 32

Personality is a major concept in career counseling, and counselors can be certain that:​

A)​Criteria for identifying personality disorders has been changed
B)​Personality disorders will be evaluated and diagnosed in the same manner
C)​There is agreement among experts regarding identifying symptoms of personality disorders
D)​Criteria for identifying personality disorders will not be changed

Question 33

Discuss the life roles to be examined in the career intake interview.

Question 34

A counselor when interviewing a client detected symptoms of depression.Describe the process of determining the level of depression and possible dysfunctional thinking.Indicate why these procedures are important.

Question 35

Describe the four step sequence for an intake interview as suggested by Brown, Brown and Associates.

Question 36

What is the important advantage of direct questioning during an intake interview?​

A)​Behavior is observed
B)​There is no advantage
C)​Emotional responses are observed
D)​A and C

Question 37

When interviewing culturally different clients, a major objective is to:​

A)​Determine their family structure
B)​Determine their interests and aptitude
C)​Determine their level of acculturation
D)​Determine their best skills

Question 38

Counselors are to clarify client problems by:​

A)​Not specifying the conclusions but stating them in general terms
B)​Specific concrete terms
C)​Delaying the discussion of intervention strategies
D)​Several possibilities of the problems and needs

Question 39

Which of the following is an appropriate reason for self-disclosure?​

A)​As a means of confrontation
B)​To focus the direction of the conversation
C)​To increase the counselor's level of self-disclosure
D)​To increase the client's level of self-disclosure

Question 40

Symptoms of psychological disorders are contained in which publication by the American Psychiatric Association?​

A)​Diagnostic Manual of Psychological Disorders
B)​Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
C)​Manual to Diagnose Mental Disorders
D)​Manual of Mental Health Issues

Question 41

In what way may an "open" person be viewed by some cultures?​

A)​Being direct is always considered to be positive
B)​Weak, untrustworthy and incapable of appropriate restraint
C)​Always viewed as strong and trustworthy
D)​Capable of restraint

Question 42

Significant contextual experiences are:​

A)​Socialization experiences that influence self perceptions
B)​Considered as minor influences on developmental issues
C)​Sole determiners of career choice
D)​Not important variables in personality development

Question 43

What are the driving forces behind significant life decisions?​

A)​Career choices
B)​One's values and core beliefs influenced by environmental experiences and life-course events
C)​Anxiety reactions
D)​Social interactions

Question 44

Life roles of multicultural groups:​

A)​Resemble middle class America
B)​Are more individually oriented than European and American societies
C)​Are determined by unique cultural socialization
D)​Are driven by common customs and beliefs

Question 45

Discussions of self-reported information can be used to establish:​

A)​listening skills.
B)clear goals.
C)​language skills.
D)​rapport with one's clients.

Question 46

Discuss the type of information a counselor should assess with respect to current status information in an intake interview.