Deck 2: Form, Volume, Mass, and Texture

Question 1

This type of relief,which takes its name from the French word for low,does not imply great depth.

A) area relief
B) bas-relief
C) a plane
D) actual relief
E) a frieze

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Forms such as pyramids,which tend to be precise and regular,are known as ________ forms.

A) textured
B) organic
C) geometric
D) implied
E) actual

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The artist David Smith created sculptures of geometric forms.In his work Cubi XIX,Smith used the following geometric shapes:

A) cuboids
B) rhomboids
C) spheres
D) pyramids
E) ellipses

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The element of art that defines the amount of space occupied by an object is ________.

A) form
B) mass
C) volume
D) texture
E) geometry

Question 5

Because it is three-dimensional,a form has these three spatial measurements: height,width,and ________.

A) length
B) depth
C) mass
D) size
E) strength

Question 6

A sculpture that can be viewed from more than one side and that occupies space in the same way as other real-life objects is called a ________ sculpture.

A) freestanding
B) bas-relief
C) high relief
D) heroic
E) implied

Question 7

These four visual elements of art-form,volume,mass,and texture-are present in ________ works of art.

A) two-dimensional
B) balanced
C) three-dimensional
D) large
E) modern

Question 8

The Italian glass artist Lino Tagliapietra created the work Batman in 1998 to express his feelings about the "reality and fantasy of Batman's world." Discuss what you think Tagliapietra meant and compare it with your own impressions of Batman.

Question 9

The Roman artist who sculpted Naked Aphrodite Crouching at Her Bath (Lely's Venus)(1.2.8a,1.2.8b)did so in such a way that it invites the viewer to move around the work to see more.Describe the differences in the work from side to side that are evidence of this compositional idea.

Question 10

A two-dimensional object is called a shape,and a three-dimensional object is known as a ________.

A) form
B) relief
C) building
D) pyramid
E) cube

Question 11

In the Roettgen Pietà from fourteenth-century Germany,the shrunken,twisted body of Jesus and the oversized,anguished head of Mary are accentuated for expressive effect.This distortion of the human body,________ form that we can all understand,makes the viewer feel uneasy and impresses on us the suffering of mother and son.

A) a geometric
B) an implied
C) a textural
D) an organic
E) a colorful

Question 12

The sculpture of the Great Sphinx stands as a symbolic guardian of the pyramids at Giza.The ancient Greek definition of a sphinx was a mythological creature whose features were:

A) the body of a lion, the wings of an eagle, and the head of a woman
B) the body of a man and the head of a bull
C) the body of a horse and the head of a man
D) the body of a lion and the head and claws of an eagle
E) the body of a woman, the wings of a bat, and the head of a pig

Question 13

An upright stone that has an incised relief on its surface,such as the Maya sculpture (1.2.7),is known as ________.

A) a stela
B) a high relief
C) an obelisk
D) a bust
E) an altar

Question 14

A sculpture designed in the round can be viewed from ________.

A) nearly every angle
B) one direction
C) above only
D) the interior
E) the front and back only

Question 15

A three-dimensional surface that is designed to be viewed from only one direction is known as a ________.

A) volume
B) form in the round
C) relief
D) texture
E) mass

Question 16

________ volume is a space that is enclosed by materials that are not entirely solid.

A) an open
B) an actual
C) a subversive
D) an implied
E) a closed

Question 17

The organic form and abstract quality of Lino Tagliapietra's sculpture,Batman,allow it to express the idea of ________.

A) geometry
B) freedom and life
C) contrast
D) death and despair
E) line

Question 18

In the Roettgen Pietà from fourteenth-century Germany,the artist ________ the organic forms of the bodies of Mary and Jesus in order to express pain and suffering.

A) abstracted
B) contrasted
C) distorted
D) simplified
E) colored

Question 19

Forms that tend to be irregular,and similar to naturally occurring objects,are known as ________ forms.

A) geometric
B) volumetric
C) implied
D) organic
E) massive

Question 20

To imply greater depth,the sculptor who created the relief carvings on the outside of the Ara Pacis Augustae carved the figures in the ________ more deeply than those that are in the background,in order to make them stand out more.

A) foreground
B) round
C) south
D) drapery
E) fresco

Question 21

American sculptors Carol Mickett and Robert Stackhouse created the work In the Blue (Crest)to imply the presence of water.The work's many empty spaces,which were created using irregular horizontal members,are an example of ________ volume.

A) open
B) closed
C) actual
D) restricted
E) organic

Question 22

Vladimir Tatlin's Monument to the Third International was intended as a heroic symbol commemorating the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia.If it had been built,it would have been much smaller than the Eiffel Tower.

Question 23

When we touch an object we experience a tactile sensation that artists refer to as ________ texture.

A) mass
B) actual
C) subversive
D) implied
E) organic

Question 24

Rachel Whiteread is a British sculptor who fills empty spaces with concrete.For her work House,created in 1993,Whiteread made a concrete cast using an entire house as her mold.What assumptions might a viewer make about mass in the context of Whiteread's work? How does it help us to understand the difference between mass and volume?

Question 25

Marisol's work Father Damien was created to memorialize the heroism of a priest who lost his life helping the victims of leprosy.This sculpture stands in front of the State Capitol Building in the U.S.State of ________.

A) Arizona
B) Utah
C) Hawaii
D) Tennessee
E) Pennsylvania

Question 26

This term refers to the substance contained in an object,but it does not necessarily imply weight.

A) volume
B) mass
C) form
D) texture
E) open volume

Question 27

The visual impact of the Olmec sculpture of a colossal head is directly related to its mass.

Question 28

The ________ texture of Anish Kapoor's sculpture Cloud Gate is appealing for viewers to touch.

A) smooth
B) implied
C) furry
D) rough
E) silky

Question 29

The spiraling open volume of Vladimir Tatlin's Monument to the Third International was intended to give the design a feeling of ________.

A) restriction
B) conservatism
C) weight
D) texture
E) dynamism

Question 30

In her work Object,a fur-lined teacup and saucer,the Swiss artist Méret Oppenheim employed subversive texture to contradict conscious logical experience.She belonged to the ________ art movement,which drew on ideas and images from dreams and the unconscious mind.

A) Expressionist
B) Cubist
C) Futurist
D) Impressionist
E) Surrealist

Question 31

Sculptors Ralph Helmick and Stuart Schechter experimented with open volume when they created this hanging sculpture,installed in the Evanston Public Library in Illinois.

A) Ghostwriter
B) Cubi XIX
C) Object
D) Cloud Gate
E) Monument to the Third International

Question 32

Frank Gehry's Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao,Spain,and Louise Bourgeois's sculpture Maman exemplify many of the themes of this Chapter.Identify two of the elements or principles discussed in this Chapter that either the architect or sculptor have used in creating their artwork.How have these artistic devices been employed,and what effect do they have on the viewer?

Question 33

Because a form exists in "real" space,we can experience it not only visually,but also through our sense of ________.

A) touch
B) balance
C) mood
D) humor
E) hearing

Question 34

Méret Oppenheim was part of an art movement that rejected rational,conscious thought.Her fur-lined teacup and saucer,Object,conjures an unexpected and illogical sensation for the viewer by using ________ texture.

A) subversive
B) expected
C) familiar
D) smooth
E) silky

Question 35

Marisol was commissioned to create a sculpture of the Catholic missionary Father Damien.A stout figure in heavy bronze,the statue possesses a weighty ________ that communicates the strong beliefs and courageous determination of the priest.

A) mass
B) color
C) outline
D) belt buckle
E) texture

Question 36

Our experience of objects in the natural world often leads us to assume that a large object will be heavy,but in fact this is not necessarily the case.This element of art is called ________.

A) space
B) volume
C) texture
D) form
E) mass

Question 37

The highly polished surface of Anish Kapoor's sculpture Cloud Gate means that the viewer and the city of ________ become a part of the work,in its reflection.

A) New York
B) Los Angeles
C) Chicago
D) London
E) Paris

Question 38

By using ________ texture to contradict previous tactile experience,artists can invite viewers to reconsider the world around them.

A) subversive
B) expected
C) familiar
D) smooth
E) rough