Deck 17: Career Management

Question 1

According to John Holland's theory of occupational choice, which of the following is an example of a realistic occupation?​

A)​Counselor
B)​Voice coach
C)​Mechanic
D)​Physicist

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The top-down firm meant:​

A)​technical or functional development is overlooked in favor of firm specific learning.
B)​being loyal to one's work group can be more important than the project allocated to the group.
C)​competitiveness and added value are the responsibility of corporate experts.
D)​business units are free to cultivate their own markets.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A career lattice is an approach that builds competencies by moving individuals vertically through different levels of an organization.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The old career is giving way to a new career characterized by discrete exchange, occupational excellence, organizational empowerment, and project allegiance.

Question 5

The old one-employer focus meant:

A)forgoing technical or functional development in favor of firm specific learning.​
B)​focusing on technical and functional development of employees.
C)​acquiring skills that can be marketed across organizations.
D)​focusing on the strategies of competing firms.

Question 6

An example of the subjective element of a career is:​

A)​the number of jobs in a chosen occupation.
B)​a person's perception of potential in a chosen occupation.
C)​a person's eligibility for a job.
D)​the application for and receipt of an occupational license.

Question 7

Project allegiance means that individuals are more committed than organizations to the successful completion of a project.

Question 8

Psychological contracts are commonly written as provisions of personal employment agreements.

Question 9

Corporate allegiance meant:​

A)​promoting shared employer and employee commitment to the goal of a project.
B)​distributing financial and reputational rewards based on project outcomes.
C)​being loyal to one's work group can be more important than the project allocated to the group.
D)​constant rearrangement of reporting relationships based on project requirements.

Question 10

An intentional and purposeful commitment to taking charge of one's professional life will be necessary in managing the new career that has replaced the old career.

Question 11

Older workers have higher rates of tardiness and absenteeism, are less safety conscious, and are less satisfied with their jobs than are younger workers.

Question 12

Occupational excellence means continually honing skills that can be marketed across organizations.

Question 13

Offering flexible work schedules is a method that can help individuals deal with work-home conflict.

Question 14

The career paths of many women have moved from starting their own businesses to working in large organizations.

Question 15

Employers want employees who have demonstrated competence in dealing with change.​

Question 16

The transition from school to work is a part of the advancement stage.

Question 17

Which of the following factors differentiates corporate allegiance from project allegiance?​

A)​In the case of corporate allegiance, keeping a group together is often a more important goal than project completion.
B)​In the case of corporate allegiance, dividing tasks equally among employees is more important than task completion.
C)​In the case of corporate allegiance, maintaining project deadlines is often more important than quality of work.
D)​In the case of corporate allegiance, earning huge profits is more important than quality of service provided.

Question 18

The concept of the career is undergoing a paradigm shift.The old career is giving way to a new career characterized by:​

A)​corporate allegiance.
B)​discrete exchange.
C)​a nonadaptive perspective.
D)​a strict bureaucracy.

Question 19

With their level of experience, older workers can serve as mentors to other employees in an organization.

Question 20

Employees are required to negotiate effective psychological contracts during the establishment stage.

Question 21

The people who will be most successful in the new career paradigm are individuals who:​

A)​are rigid in their thinking.
B)​resist sudden change in the work environment.
C)​have high needs for control.
D)​are tolerant of ambiguity.

Question 22

Executives succumb to the temptation of fraud because:​

A)​they feel pressure to keep up with changes in cultural norms.
B)​of the lack of responsibility in the workplace.
C)​of the lack of training.
D)​they feel the top management places low levels of expectations on them.

Question 23

A person's most significant career achievements are most likely to occur in the _____ career stage.​

A)​establishment
B)​apprenticeship
C)​advancement
D)​withdrawal

Question 24

Which of the following statements is true of people with high emotional intelligence?​

A)​They work efficiently with other team members.
B)​They tend to provide slow customer services.
C)​They depend on their peers to help them with skill development.
D)​They have slow promotion rates.

Question 25

_____ involves knowing what to expect, both good and bad, which gives a newcomer in a company a sense of control that is important to job satisfaction and performance.​

A)​Open mindedness
B)​Job stabilization
C)​Uncertainty reduction
D)​Satisficing

Question 26

Which of the following is a conflict that might occur during an employee's entry into an organization?​

A)​The conflict between an organization's effort to attract candidates and an individual's choice of an organization
B)​The conflict between an organization's efforts to retain employees and employees' demand for pay hikes
C)​The conflict within an organization to decide whether to hire new employees during recessions
D)​The conflict within an organization to retain the old employees by paying a bonus and to hire new employees with an attractive package

Question 27

One of the important attributes that a person should possess if he or she wants to climb the corporate ladder in the present age is _____.​

A)​nonadaptive skill
B)​emotional intelligence
C)​the one-employer focus
D)​corporate allegiance 

Question 28

_____ can be thought of as inoculation against disappointment during the organizational choice and entry process.​

A)Temporary staffing​
B)​Bridge employment
C)​Flexible work schedules
D)​Realistic job previews

Question 29

A mentor who tells a new employee about the informal political climate in an organization is providing _____ support.​

A)​emotional
B)​modeling
C)​informational
D)​evaluative

Question 30

According to John Holland's theory of occupational choice, which of the following is an example of a social occupation?​

A)​Counselor
B)​Voice coach
C)​Mechanic
D)​Physicist

Question 31

Which of the following is the final stage in the career stage model?​

A)​The advancement stage
B)​The maintenance stage
C)​The establishment stage
D)​The withdrawal stage

Question 32

In the context of the establishment stage, working out the _____ with an organization begins with entry into a new job, but the contract is modified as an individual proceeds through the career.​

A)​nondisclosure act
B)​psychological contract
C)​corporate allegiance
D)​union contract

Question 33

Which of the following is the first stage in a career stage model?​

A)​The advancement stage
B)​The maintenance stage
C)​The establishment stage
D)​The withdrawal stage

Question 34

Almost 40 percent of new managers fail within the first 18 months on the job because of:​

A)​a high emotional intelligence quotient.
B)​a stagnant work environment.
C)​a lack of interpersonal skills.
D)​an adaptive approach.

Question 35

In the context of becoming one's own career coach, the best attitude toward change in the new work environment is:​

A)​to adopt a nonadaptive approach when dealing with the change.
B)​to think of organizational change as the central focus of work and not a disruption.
C)​to ignore the emotional quotient while taking decisions during the change.
D)​to employ the one-employer focus and stay loyal to a particular company.

Question 36

According to Levinson, during the _____, an individual begins to separate from his or her parents and becomes less emotionally and financially dependent on them.​

A)maintenance stage​
B)​advancement stage
C)​establishment stage
D)​separation stage

Question 37

Daniel Goleman argues that _____ is a constellation of the qualities that mark a star performer at work.​

A)​technical know-how
B)​emotional intelligence
C)​problem analyzability skill
D)​intelligence quotient

Question 38

Levinson's life stages are characterized by:​

A)a continuous stage of stagnancy.​
B)​a continuous stage of stability in career.
C)​an alternating pattern of stability and transition.
D)​the study of child psychology.

Question 39

In the context of realistic job preview, when candidates are given both positive and negative information, they:​

A)​make more effective job choices.
B)​have low job satisfaction.
C)​have unrealistic expectations.
D)​are more likely to turn down a job offer.

Question 40

To prevent conflicts during the organizational choice and entry process, an individual should:​

A)choose the highest paying organization.​
B)​conduct a careful self-analysis.
C)​reveal minimal personal details in a job interview.
D)​request for a friendly interviewer.

Question 41

In the context of mentoring, which of the following is the phase that comes after a successful separation phase?​

A)​The cultivation phase
B)​The independence phase
C)​The redefinition phase
D)​The initiation phase

Question 42

In the _____, a mentoring relationship becomes more meaningful than the previous stages, and the protégé shows rapid progress because of the career support and psychosocial support provided by the mentor.​

A)​initiation phase
B)​separation phase
C)​redefinition phase
D)​cultivation phase

Question 43

During the advancement stage, _____ involves providing advice in both career and job performance to protégés.​

A)​sponsorship
B)​coaching
C)​counseling newcomers
D)​facilitating exposure and visibility

Question 44

Flextime, compressed workweeks, work-at-home arrangements, part-time hours, job sharing, and leave options:​

A)​can be expensive but are mandatory in today's working environment.
B)​lead to greater turnover rates in organizations.
C)​are all considered alternative work arrangements necessary to manage work-home conflicts.
D)​are exclusively directed toward women employees.

Question 45

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act prohibits:​

A)​discrimination against workers under twenty-years of age.
B)​discrimination against workers under thirty-years of age.
C)​discrimination against new entrants.
D)​discrimination against older workers.

Question 46

During _____, individuals can make a contribution by sharing their wealth of knowledge and experience with others.​

A)​maintenance
B)​establishment
C)​advancement
D)​withdrawal

Question 47

Freedom is the key to the _____ career anchor.​

A)​stability
B)​functional competence
C)​creativity
D)​autonomy

Question 48

Sustaining performance and becoming a mentor are two issues individuals in an organization need to address during the:​

A)​maintenance stage.
B)​advancement stage.
C)​withdrawal stage.
D)​establishment stage.

Question 49

​According to Carolyn Smith Paschal, in which of the following stages should companies give employees sabbaticals instead of bonuses?

A)​The maintenance stage
B)​The advancement stage
C)​The withdrawal stage
D)​The establishment stage

Question 50

During the maintenance stage, an:​

A)​employee's primary concern is related to maintaining a work-life balance.
B)​employee is often mentored by a senior colleague.
C)​employee transitions to nonsupervisory positions.
D)​employee's probability of moving up the hierarchy is low.

Question 51

Which of the following types of support does the aspect of psychological contracting concerned with empathy, caring, and esteem provide for a newcomer in an organization?​

A)​Informational support
B)​Emotional support
C)​Modeling support
D)​Evaluative support

Question 52

An essential activity of the withdrawal career stage is:​

A)​mentoring a newcomer.
B)​planning for change.
C)​identifying one's strengths.
D)​undergoing job training.

Question 53

When psychological contracts are broken or breached, employees experience negative emotional reactions that can lead to:​

A)​increased whistle-blowing instances.
B)​lower turnover intentions.
C)​loss of trust.
D)​increased job sackings.

Question 54

Following the age-fifty transition is a fairly stable period.During this time, _____.​

A)​most people continue to grow in their careers
B)​individuals begin to plan seriously for withdrawing from their careers
C)​employees begin to face work-home conflicts
D)​employees need a mentor

Question 55

During the _____, one's own mortality becomes a major concern, and the loss of family members and friends becomes more frequent.​

A)​adulthood transition
B)​late adulthood transition
C)​elderly transition
D)​age-fifty transition

Question 56

In which of the following career stages do individuals reassess their goals and feel the need to make changes in their career dreams?​

A)​The withdrawal stage
B)​The maintenance stage
C)​The advancement stage
D)​The establishment stage

Question 57

Most people in the advancement stage of the career stage model:​

A)remain in the same job until the maintenance stage.​
B)​experience a period of stagnancy in their career graph.
C)​seek greater responsibility and authority and strive for upward mobility.
D)​drop out of the workforce once or twice to go back to college to achieve an advanced degree.

Question 58

James Dyson, the CEO of Dyson Inc., believes strongly in mentoring newcomers.He has made it his priority to mentor future generations of engineers.The Dyson Foundation where Dyson mentors engineering graduates and Jeremy Fry Memorial Scholarship are two examples of Dyson's involvement in the field of mentoring.In the context of the career stage model, Dyson is in the _____.​

A)​withdrawal stage
B)​maintenance stage
C)​establishment stage
D)​competitive stage

Question 59

The advancement stage is a period when:​

A)​individuals strive for job stability rather than upward mobility.
B)​newcomers in an organization no longer require a mentor.
C)​newcomers in an organization shy away from responsibility.
D)​many individuals strive for achievement.

Question 60

Which of the following statements is true of older workers?​

A)They are more productive and less resistant to change.​
B)​They may face discrimination and stereotyping.
C)​They have higher rates of tardiness and absenteeism and are less safety conscious.
D)​They are less satisfied with their jobs than are younger workers.

Question 61

Why is it important to know one's career anchor?

Question 62

Briefly discuss the differences between the new and old meaning of career.

Question 63

Discuss the role played by older workers in a workforce.

Question 64

Which of the following is an autonomous career?​

A)​Professor
B)​Accountant
C)​Bank manager
D)​Store owner

Question 65

How are career anchors modified?

Question 66

Briefly describe the four-stage career model and indicate one or more important activities in each stage.

Question 67

Is it advisable for employees in the withdrawal stage to serve as mentors to an organization?

Question 68

How are companies helping employees transition to retirement in innovative ways?

Question 69

In the _____ career anchor, individuals want to see their efforts have an impact on organizational effectiveness.​

A)​functional competence
B)​stability
C)​managerial competence
D)​creativity

Question 70

Why are mentors important in an organization?

Question 71

How can the stress and strains of a dual-career situation be reduced?

Question 72

A person with a technical/functional competence anchor is likely to be most efficient working:​

A)​as a machine operator.
B)​as an accountant.
C)​as a freelance photographer.
D)​as an assembly line worker.