Question 1

Which statement is true regarding children with intellectual disabilities?&#10;A) Those with similar IQs will function alike.&#10;B) There are individual differences between children with the same IQs.&#10;C) There is little variation between classifications.&#10;D) They will always fully depend on a caregiver.

Accepted Answer

Intervention is not aimed at improving intelligence (it is not possible to reverse the condition); instead, it is aimed at helping the child or adolescent develop performance patterns, including habits, roles, and rituals used in the process of engaging in meaningful activities.Each client should be assessed in terms of his or her strengths and weaknesses.OT practitioners focus on the occupations that the child or adolescent hopes to perform as goals.

Question 2

What must be included for a child to be diagnosed with an intellectual disability?&#10;A) Below-average intellectual functioning&#10;B) Motor delays&#10;C) Deficit in two or more skill areas&#10;D) Both A and C&#10;E) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The following criteria suggest the diagnosis of intellectual disability:
1.Deficits in intellectual function (e.g., abstract thinking, problem solving, and academic learning) as confirmed by clinical assessment and individualized, standardized testing.
2.Deficits in adaptive behavior which require ongoing support to be successful in daily life across multiple environments as confirmed by clinical assessment.Because adaptive functioning determines the level of support an individual needs, the level of severity of an intellectual disability is defined by adaptive functioning, which is a more reliable indicator of intensity of support as compared to intelligence quotient (IQ) measures.
3.Onset of intellectual and adaptive deficits during the developmental period.

Question 3

Julie is 19 years old and able to accomplish habitual self-care skills, such as feeding.She has been able to participate in some vocational training with supervision.She lives in a group home that provides extensive supervision.In which intellectual disability category would Julie fit?

A) Mild
B) Moderate
C) Severe
D) Profound

Severe

Accepted Answer

Individuals with severe intellectual disability have an IQ score between 25 and 39 and therefore require support in all areas of occupational performance on a regular basis.Functional independence depends greatly on their associated physical limitations.Habitual basic self-care skills such as feeding and hygiene tasks may be learned because of the recurring nature of these activities.Children with severe intellectual disability have difficulty generalizing skills and perform best with routine and consistency.

Question 4

What term describes causes of intellectual disability present before a child is born?&#10;A) Acquired&#10;B) Perinatal&#10;C) Postnatal&#10;D) Prenatal

Accepted Answer

Prenatal causes occur before birth, perinatal causes occur at birth, and postnatal causes occur from birth to 3 years of age.

Question 5

Joey is 18 years old and intellectually disabled.He completed the seventh grade and is going to start vocational training in the fall.In which category of intellectual disability does Joey fit?&#10;A) Mild&#10;B) Moderate&#10;C) Severe&#10;D) Profound

Accepted Answer

Individuals with mild intellectual disability have IQ scores of 55-69 and may be further classified as "educable." Children in this category may not seem significantly different from others until they attempt to attain higher levels of cognitive skills and perform tasks that require significant abstract thinking.These children can develop social and communication skills and usually master academic skills from Grade 3 to Grade 7; however, it takes them longer than average to attain them.
They are able to achieve the following academic skills:
.Reading at the Grade 6-7 level
.Writing simple letters or lists, such as a grocery list
.Performing simple mathematical functions such as multiplication and division
.Using the computer and the Internet to perform simple research or to communicate with others
As adults, their social, vocational, and self-help skills are usually sufficient to allow them to partially or completely support themselves financially through employment.Therefore, they can live independently or in a minimally supervised setting in the community.

Question 6

What is the first step when using a behavioral modification approach with a child?&#10;A) Identify behaviors that interfere with learning, socialization, or engagement in occupations.&#10;B) Make modifications to the behavior plan as needed.&#10;C) Implement the plan with teachers and parents.&#10;D) Collect data on each behavior and determine why it is occurring.

Accepted Answer

First, data are collected to identify the behavior(s) that needs to be changed.Then practitioners collect data on the "A," antecedent behavior(s), which refers to the events and behaviors that occur prior to target behavior.

Question 7

In which category of intellectual disability does a child's IQ test result of 60 place him or her?&#10;A) Mild&#10;B) Moderate&#10;C) Severe&#10;D) Profound

Accepted Answer

Individuals with mild intellectual disability have IQ scores of 55-69 and may be further classified as "educable."

Question 8

Smith is 36 months old, but his score on a performance assessment placed him at 24 months.What is his estimated IQ?&#10;A) 50&#10;B) 67&#10;C) 100&#10;D) 115

Accepted Answer

It is possible to estimate IQ in younger children by dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100.For example,
24 months (mental age) ÷ 36 months (chronological age) ´ 100 = 67.
The child in this example has an IQ of 67.(Note: This is considered an estimate.)

Question 9

Paul is 10 years old and has noticeable developmental delays.He has been in special education classes and has completed the second grade.Although he can complete most of his activities of daily living (ADLs), he does need supervision.In which intellectual disability category does Paul fit?

A) Mild
B) Moderate
C) Severe
D) Profound

Accepted Answer

Individuals with moderate intellectual disability have IQ scores of 40-54; they may also be considered "trainable." These children need support regularly and are likely to have deficits in academic, communicative, and social skills.With special education, individuals who have moderate intellectual disability are usually able to attain the skills of a Grade 1 or Grade 2 student.

Question 10

Which IQ scores are considered to be within normal limits?&#10;A) 0-100&#10;B) 50-70&#10;C) 80-90&#10;D) 85-115

Accepted Answer

Scores between 85 and 115 are considered within normal limits (average IQ).

Question 11

Which of the following conditions is considered a trisomy disorder?&#10;A) Anoxia&#10;B) Down syndrome&#10;C) Fragile X syndrome&#10;D) Meningitis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following conditions is considered...

Question 12

Which factors are considered when diagnosing a child with intellectual disability?&#10;A) Parental intelligence&#10;B) Body height and weight&#10;C) Culture and language&#10;D) Socioeconomic status

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which factors are considered when diagnosing a...

Question 13

Danny is 14 years old.He requires extensive help for all ADLs.He is able to communicate his wants and needs by answering yes/no questions.Which intellectual disability category applies to Danny?&#10;A) Mild&#10;B) Moderate&#10;C) Severe&#10;D) Profound

Accepted Answer

The answer of Danny is 14 years old.He requires extensive...

Question 14

Which statement reflects the influence of alcohol and drugs during pregnancy?&#10;A) Teratogens during prenatal periods can be dangerous to brain growth.&#10;B) Anoxia may result in bleeding around the baby's brain.&#10;C) Postnatal infections may cause permanent brain damage.&#10;D) Toxins cause particular problems when ingested.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement reflects the influence of alcohol...

Question 15

Who is qualified to do intelligence quotient (IQ) testing?&#10;A) Certified occupational therapy assistant&#10;B) Registered occupational therapist&#10;C) Psychologist&#10;D) Special education teacher

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who is qualified to do intelligence quotient...

Deck 16: Intellectual Disabilities