Deck 2: Technology Infrastructure: the Internet and the World Wide Web

Question 1

The USENET was the earliest of the networks that eventually combined to become what we now call the Internet.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

An HTML document is similar to a word-processing document in that it specifies how a particular text element will appear.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a common protocol used for sending and retrieving e-mail.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) has the responsibility of managing domain names and coordinating them with the IP address registrars.

Question 5

Virtual private network software must be installed on the computers at both ends of a transmission.

Question 6

Networks of computers and the Internet that connects them to each other form the basic technological structure that underlies virtually all electronic commerce.

Question 7

The Internet provides a high degree of security in its basic structure.

Question 8

IP addresses appear as five decimal numbers separated by periods.

Question 9

A network of computers that are located in the same building is called a wide area network.

Question 10

The Post Office Protocol (POP) provides support for Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME).

Question 11

Public networks, private networks, and VPNs are independent of organizational boundaries.

Question 12

The word "virtual," used as part of virtual private networks means that the network connection is permanent.

Question 13

The leftmost part of a domain name is called a top-level domain (TLD).

Question 14

Extranets were used to save money and increase efficiency by replacing traditional communication tools such as fax, telephone, and overnight express document carriers.

Question 15

E-mail was born in 1972 when a researcher wrote a program that could send and receive messages over the Defense Department network.

Question 16

The most important parts of a Web page are the graphics, photographs, and small programs that run in the Web browser.

Question 17

Post Office Protocol (POP) allows the user to view only the header and the e-mail sender's name before deciding to download the entire message.

Question 18

An intranet extends beyond the organization that created it.

Question 19

At a technological level, the Web is nothing more than software that runs on computers that are connected to the Internet.

Question 20

The first e-mail mailing lists appeared on military and education research networks.

Question 21

The 32-bit number used to identify computers connected to the Internet is known as the _____.

A) IP address
B) NSAP address
C) MAC address
D) OUI address

Question 22

Data-type definitions (DTD's) are a form of common standard for XML tags.

Question 23

IPv6 uses a _____ number for addresses.

A) 32-bit
B) 56-bit
C) 128-bit
D) 48-bit

Question 24

A _____ is a collection of rules for formatting, ordering, and error checking data sent across a network.

A) style sheet
B) semantic
C) protocol
D) packet

Question 25

_____ specifies the format of a mail message and describes how mail is to be administered on the e-mail server and transmitted on the Internet.

A) Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)
B) Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
C) Interactive Mail Access Protocol (IMAP)
D) Post Office Protocol (POP)

Question 26

In subnetting, a computer called a _____ device converts private IP addresses into normal IP addresses when it forwards packets from those computers to the Internet.

A) Network Address Translation (NAT)
B) Network Interface Controller (NIC)
C) Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)
D) Data Circuit-Terminating (DCE)

Question 27

A hierarchical hyperlink structure resembles conventional paper documents in that the reader begins on the first page and clicks the Next button to move to the next page in a serial fashion.

Question 28

The combination of telephone lines and the closed switches that connect them to each other is called a _____.

A) LAN
B) WAN
C) circuit
D) pathway

Question 29

The computers that decide how best to forward each packet from one network to another are called _____.

A) switches
B) bridges
C) routers
D) repeaters

Question 30

A _____ is a permanent telephone connection between two points.

A) dedicated line
B) party line
C) leased line
D) local line

Question 31

The Semantic Web project envisions words on Web pages being tagged with their meanings.

Question 32

The term "cascading" is used in cascading style sheets because designers can apply many style sheets to the same Web page, one on top of the other.

Question 33

The higher the bandwidth, the faster the transmission of data through a communication medium.

Question 34

_____ creates a private passageway through the public Internet that provides secure transmission from one computer to another.

A) IP tunneling
B) Circuit switching
C) Encapsulation
D) Subnetting

Question 35

_____ determine how a sending device indicates that it has finished sending a message and how the receiving device indicates that it has received the message.

A) Routers
B) Semantics
C) Protocols
D) Switches

Question 36

_____ is a connection that uses public networks and their protocols to send data using a technology called IP tunneling.

A) A personal area network
B) The Internet
C) A virtual private network
D) The World Wide Web

Question 37

The programs on gateway computers that determine the best path on which to send each packet contain rules called _____.

A) program profilers
B) empirical algorithms
C) software profilers
D) routing algorithms

Question 38

In 2014 the number of mobile phones was greater than the planet's population

Question 39

One broadband option is a higher grade of telephone service using a DSL modem

Question 40

Files and e-mail messages sent over the Internet are broken down into small pieces called _____.

A) messages
B) ​switches
C) ​circuits
D) ​packets

Question 41

_____ are sets of words that are assigned to specific IP addresses.

A) Domain names
B) URLs
C) Octets
D) Headers

Question 42

A computer network which uses a specific set of rules and connects networks all over the world to each other is called the _____.

Question 43

_____ was the first Web browser that became widely available for personal computers.

A) Mosaic
B) Netscape
C) Internet Explorer
D) CompuServe

Question 44

A(n) _____ is an e-mail address that forwards any message it receives to any user who has subscribed to the list.

Question 45

A device that transmits network packets between Wi-Fi equipped computers and other devices within range is a __________

A) wireless access point
B) piconet
C) hot spot
D) blue tooth

Question 46

A(n) _____ has a hypertext reference (HREF) property, which specifies the remote or local document's address.

A) closing tag
B) paragraph tag
C) opening tag
D) bold tag

Question 47

A _____ structure resembles an inverted tree in which the root is at the top and the branches are below it.

A) parabolic hyperlink​
B) hierarchical hyperlink​
C) rooted hyperlink​
D) linear hyperlink​

Question 48

Usenet survives on the Internet today, with more than 1000 different topic areas that are called _____.

Question 49

_____ is a set of rules for handling binary files, such as word-processing documents, spreadsheets, photos, or sound clips that are attached to e-mail messages.

A) SMTP
B) TCP/IP
C) MIME
D) POP

Question 50

_____ is a subset of the computers on the Internet that are connected to one another in a specific way that makes them and their contents easily accessible to each other.

Question 51

_____ lets users create and manipulate e-mail folders and individual e-mail messages while the messages are still on the e-mail server.

A) POP
B) SMTP
C) IMAP
D) MIME

Question 52

HTML was developed by _____.

A) Robert Kahn
B) Vinton Cerf
C) Ted Nelson
D) Tim Berners-Lee

Question 53

A newer e-mail protocol that performs the same basic functions as POP, but includes additional features, is known as _____.

A) IMAP
B) SMTP
C) POP3
D) TCP

Question 54

The early versions of _____ let Web page designers create text-based electronic documents with headings, title bar titles, bullets, lines, and ordered lists.

A) HTTP
B) HTML
C) SGML
D) XML

Question 55

A(n) _____ is any technology that allows people to connect computers to each other.

Question 56

The ______ in an HTML document are interpreted by the web browser and used by it to format the display of enclosed text.

A) tags
B) links
C) markups
D) style sheet

Question 57

In 1979, a group of students and programmers at Duke University and the University of North Carolina started _____, which allows anyone who connects to the network to read and post articles on a variety of subjects.

Question 58

In HTML, hyperlinks are created using the HTML _____ tag.

A) head
B) anchor
C) title
D) opening

Question 59

The purpose of a(n) _____ is to respond to requests for Web pages from Web clients.

A) DNS server
B) e-mail server
C) Web server
D) database server

Question 60

The combination of a protocol name and a domain name is called a(n) _____.

A) Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
B) Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI)
C) Extensible Resource Descriptor Sequence (XRDS)
D) Extensible Resource Identifier (XRI)

Question 61

_____ uses paired start and stop tags in much the same way as database software defines a record structure.

Question 62

The set of rules for delivering Web page files over the Internet is in a protocol called the _____.

Question 63

HTML, XML, and XHTML have descended from the original _____ specification.

Question 64

_____ is the amount of data that can travel through a communication medium per unit of time.

Question 65

A(n) _____ is a language that can be used to define other languages.

Question 66

Internet _____ are computers that are directly connected to the Internet.

Question 67

A(n) _____ is a set of instructions that gives Web developers more control over the format of displayed pages.

Question 68

The _____________ can be difficult or impossible to research because available data that is never requested remains hidden.

Question 69

The subset of the Internet that includes computers and sensors connected to each other for communication and automatic transaction processing is called the _____.

Question 70

A(n) _____ is used when the Internet extends beyond the boundaries of an organization and includes networks of other organizations.

Question 71

_____ is a measure of the amount of information that can travel from a user to the Internet in a given amount of time.

Question 72

In HTML, the text elements that are related to each another are called _____ elements.

Question 73

The _____ controls the disassembly of a message or a file into packets before it is transmitted over the Internet, and it controls the reassembly of those packets into their original formats when they reach their destinations.

Question 74

Companies known as _____ sell Internet access rights directly to larger customers and indirectly to smaller firms and individuals through other companies, called ISPs.

Question 75

_____ tags convey the meaning (the semantics) of the information included within them.

Question 76

A(n) _____ is a set of standards that defines, in detail, the relationships among resource description framework (RDF) standards and specific extensible markup language (XML) tags within a particular knowledge domain.

Question 77

The _____ in TCP/IP specifies the addressing details for each packet, labeling each with the packet's origination and destination addresses.

Question 78

A group of network research scientists from nearly 200 universities and a number of major corporations joined together in 1996 to recapture the original enthusiasm of the ARPANET and created an advanced research network called _____.

Question 79

A(n) _____ hyperlink structure resembles conventional paper documents in that the reader begins on the first page and clicks a Next button to move to the next page in a serial fashion.

Question 80

A(n) _____ is a computer that stores files written in HTML.