Deck 11: Chaining

Question 1

Each step in the behavioral chain consists of a:

A) discriminative stimulus
B) S-delta
C) response
D) A and C

Answer 1

D

Question 2

What type of prompt is most often used with total task presentation?

A) verbal
B) gestural
C) stimulus
D) physical

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Forward chaining and backward chaining differ in terms of:

A) which component is taught first
B) whether the terminal step in the chain is completed on every learning trial
C) whether the learner receives the natural reinforcer on every learning trial
D) all of these

Answer 3

D

Question 4

In behavior modification, a complex behavior made up of a number of component behaviors occurring in a sequence is referred to as a:

A) behavioral chain
C) behavioral sequence
C) stimulus-response pattern
D) A and C

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a chaining procedure?

A) backward chaining
B) forward chaining
C) total task presentation
D) contingency chaining

Question 6

Which of the following strategies can be used to conduct a task analysis?

A) observe a competent individual engage in the task and record each S-R component
B) ask a person who performs the task well to explain all the S-R components
C) perform the task yourself and record each S-R component
D) all of these

Question 7

Which of the following is true concerning a behavioral chain?

A) each subsequent response depends on the preceding response
B) the entire stimulus-response chain is under stimulus control
C) each subsequent response is independent of the preceding response
D) A and B

Question 8

When prompting and fading are systematically applied to each component in the stimulus-response chain in order to teach the entire behavior, it is referred to as a ____________ procedure.

A) chaining
B) sequencing
C) behavioral
D) response

Question 9

A researcher is teaching an adult with developmental disabilities how to stuff brochures into envelopes.The researcher teaches the entire behavioral chain as a single unit, and the individual completes the entire task on every learning trial.Which chaining procedure is the researcher using?

A) backward chaining
B) forward chaining
C) total task presentation
D) primary chaining

Question 10

A researcher is going to use a behavioral chaining procedure to teach an individual with developmental disabilities to stuff brochures into envelopes.The researcher first goes through the process of identifying all the individual stimulus-response components in the chain.This process is called:

A) component analysis
B) stimulus-response analysis
C) task analysis
D) behavioral analysis

Question 11

The outcome of each response in the behavioral chain serves as the ________ for the next response in the chain.

A) prompt
B) discriminative stimulus
C) S-delta
D) B and C

Question 12

Forward chaining and backward chaining both involve:

A) teaching one component of the behavioral chain at a time
B) the use of prompting and fading
C) the use of reinforcers after each response in the chain
D) all of these

Question 13

When you provide a reinforcer after each response in backward and forward chaining the outcome of that response becomes a:

A) conditioned stimulus for the next response
B) S-delta for the next response
C) conditioned reinforcer
D) A and C

Question 14

A teacher uses hand-over-hand guidance to teach a child to write his name.As the child begins to successfully complete the task, the teacher provides less and less assistance as she shadows the student's hand.This type of physical prompting and fading is referred to as:

A) guided compliance
B) directed assistance
C) graduated guidance
D) modeling

Question 15

In order for the behavioral chain to continue to occur, the last behavior in the chain must be:

A) reinforced
B) prompted
C) generalized
D) extinguished

Question 16

Which of the following is necessary when conducting a task analysis?

A) identify all responses necessary to perform the task
B) identify the discriminative stimulus associated with each behavior
C) list the individual component behaviors in the proper sequence
D) all of these

Question 17

When using a behavioral chain, a(an) ____________ makes the outcome of the chain more reinforcing.

A) prompt
B) establishing operation
C) larger number of component behaviors
D) discriminative stimulus

Question 18

The individual component behaviors that occur in a behavioral chain are called ____________ components.

A) overlapping
B) contingency
C) antecedent
D) stimulus-response

Question 19

Doug's Mom is going to teach him how to make his bed.Doug's Mom conducts a task analysis to identify all the individual components involved in the task, and decides to teach the first behavior in the chain first, and then teach each subsequent behavior.Doug's Mom is using:

A) forward chaining
B) backward chaining
C) total task presentation
D) graduated guidance

Question 20

Andrew just got a new puppy, and his Mom is going to use a chaining procedure to teach Andrew all the steps involved in feeding the puppy.If his Mom teaches him the last behavior in the chain first and then teaches him each previous behavior she would be using:

A) forward chaining
B) total task presentation
C) backward chaining
D) B and C

Question 21

Graduated guidance is typically used with:

A) backward chaining
B) forward chaining
C) total task presentation
D) all of these

Question 22

Each behavioral chain consists of a number of individual ___________ components that occur together in a sequence.

Question 23

To use backward chaining, you present the last ___________, ___________ the correct response, and provide a(n) ___________ following the correct behavior.

Question 24

What type of prompt is most often used to guide the learner through the chain of behaviors in total task presentation? ___________

Question 25

___________involves illustrations or photos of the outcome of each behavior in the task.

Question 26

A complex behavior that is made up of many component behaviors that occur together in a sequence is called a(n) _____________.

Question 27

In which chaining procedure is the behavioral chain completed in every trial?

A) backward chaining
B) forward chaining
C) total task presentation
D) all of these

Question 28

A basketball coach uses a series of drawings in order to teach Tommy the proper sequence of behaviors necessary to successfully carry out a play from the play book.This is an example of using:

A) picture prompts
B) total task presentation
C) forward chaining
D) graduated guidance

Question 29

___________ involve a list of each component behavior in their proper sequence.

Question 30

Chaining procedures involve the systematic use of ___________ and ___________ procedures applied to each component in the chain.

Question 31

Every time Mary uses her DVR to record a television show, she verbally recites each step that she must go through in order to program the DVR.Mary is using:

A) self-generated stimulus prompts
B) self-instructions
C) total task presentation
D) A and B

Question 32

_________________________ is a prompting strategy in which physical prompts are faded to shadowing and the shadowing is eventually faded when the learner completes the task independently.

Question 33

In the ___________________________ procedure, the learner completes every stimulus-response component of the chain in every learning trial.

Question 34

To use forward chaining, you present the first ___________, ___________ the correct response, and provide a(n) ___________ following the correct behavior.

Question 35

What needs to be considered before using total task presentation?

A) complexity of the task
B) ability of the teacher
C) ability of the learner
D) all of these

Question 36

In which of the following situations would it be inappropriate to use chaining?

A) behavioral acquisition
B) an individual is currently not capable of completing a task
C) noncompliance
D) A and B

Question 37

Which of the following is a guideline for using chaining?

A) choose an appropriate chaining procedure
B) develop a task analysis
C) use intermittent reinforcement when training is started
D) a and b

Question 38

In the ____________________ method of baseline assessment, the initial discriminative stimulus is presented and the learner's ability to complete the chain is assessed, and in the ___________________ method the learner's ability to complete each individual component in the chain is assessed.

A) single-opportunity; multiple-opportunity
B) multiple-opportunity; single-opportunity
C) primary; secondary
D) first-order; higher-order

Question 39

Which of the following is true concerning the similarities between forward and backward chaining and total task presentation?

A) all are used to teach chains of behaviors
B) all require completion of a task analysis
C) all involve the use of prompting and fading
D) all of these

Question 40

Mark just got a computer.He follows the step by step written instructions in order to hook his computer up.This is an example of:

A) textual prompts
B) forward chaining
C) a pictorial task analysis
D) A and C

Question 41

TFBehavioral chaining procedures are used to teach an individual to engage in a complex task.

Question 42

TFTotal task presentation teaches one component of the chain at a time.

Question 43

Provide an example of how you would use self-instructions to guide your behavior in an everyday situation.

Question 44

The occurrence of a component behavior in a behavioral chain depends on the occurrence of the previous component behavior.

Question 45

You need to train an individual with intellectual disability to fold towels for his new job at the hotel.He will stand at a table with a pile of unfolded towels on his left, pick up a towel, fold it in half twice and place the folded towel on another table to his right.
What is the 1st step you would train in a backward chaining procedure?
What is the 1st step you would train in a forward chaining procedure?

Question 46

List 3 different ways to conduct a task analysis.

Question 47

Describe the difference between the single opportunity method and the multiple opportunity method of assessing the mastery level of a learner.

Question 48

TFIt is important to use as many steps in a task analysis as possible.

Question 49

What is a behavioral chain?Provide an example.

Question 50

TFEach response in a behavioral chain creates the stimulus situation that is the discriminative stimulus for the next response.

Question 51

TFTotal task presentation works best for long and complex tasks.

Question 52

TFBackward chaining procedures are mostly used with individuals who have severe intellectual disabilities.

Question 53

What is a task analysis?

Question 54

TFThe difference between forward chaining and backward chaining is where you begin training.

Question 55

Provide an example of the use of textual prompts and picture prompts.

Question 56

TFGraduated guidance involves verbal and modeling prompts to lead the learner through the task.

Question 57

TFIn task analysis, the 1st step is to identify the discriminative stimulus associated with each behavior in the chain.