Deck 4: Sampling

Question 1

Dr.Mottle is using stratified sampling and has two frames.If she needs 11% from a frame of 200 and 89% from a frame of 1000,what is the total sample size?

A)1112
B)1002
C)1102
D)900

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The case or unit of analysis in a population is

A)universe.
B)snowball.
C)sample frame.
D)sampling element.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A random sampling distribution curve is in the shape of

A)an exponential curve.
B)parabola.
C)bell shape curve.
D)H and D curve.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

If a researcher walks into a bus station and starts interviewing people at random for his research,he is most likely using

A)quota sampling.
B)judgmental sampling.
C)convenience sampling.
D)None of these answers are correct.

Question 5

Which of the following might be an appropriate sample frame for a population aged 16-18?

A)telephone directory
B)public property tax record
C)school registration
D)birth announcements

Question 6

Mr.Marsh is using Systemic Sampling and his sample frame has 2000 names from a directory.If he is sampling 400,what is his sample interval?

A)6
B)3
C)5
D)4

Question 7

Random sampling

A)is most likely to produce a sample that truly represents the population.
B)is the same as quota sampling.
C)requires less work than nonrandom sampling.
D)is similar to black versus white.

Question 8

Dr.Van Offer is considering a research study of lung cancer caused by smoking.What population parameter would he most likely look for in the entire population?

A)people who are obese and have lung cancer
B)people who are smokers and have lung cancer
C)diabetics who have lung cancer
D)people with tooth decay and lung cancer

Question 9

Accidental sampling occurs when a researcher selects cases that are easy and convenient.It lacks depth and is also called

A)convenience sampling.
B)snowball sampling.
C)quota sampling.
D)purposive sampling.

Question 10

The larger the sample size

A)the larger the sampling error.
B)the smaller the population size
C)the smaller the sampling error.
D)has no impact on research.

Question 11

Mr.Marsh uses a list of all baseball season ticket holders for his sampling elements.This is called his

A)universe.
B)sampling frame.
C)target.
D)None of these answers are correct.

Question 12

A researcher might use purposive sampling by

A)using snowball sampling.
B)getting a broad overview of sources.
C)picking subjects he meets on the street.
D)selecting cases from a specific,difficult-to-reach population.

Question 13

First thing that a researcher needs to do when using random sampling is

A)locate the exact selected elements.
B)develop an accurate sampling frame.
C)call sample numbers.
D)do calculations.

Question 14

One limitation of ______ sampling is that the researcher only captures the diversity of a few predetermined population characteristics.

A)purposive
B)quota
C)random
D)convenience

Question 15

In all random samples the researcher starts by

A)calling numbers.
B)obtaining a set of random numbers.
C)numbering each element in the frame.
D)replacing sample elements.

Question 16

Mr.Marsh is creating a list of sample elements using a telephone directory.The list is called a(n)

A)universe.
B)population.
C)sampling frame.
D)target.

Question 17

The application of convenience sampling

A)is easy and fast but of limited use.
B)produces very representative samples.
C)should not be used for an exploratory study.
D)is one of the best sampling techniques.

Question 18

One key feature of random samples:

A)must make substitutions whenever necessary.
B)must use a selection process based on the researcher's preference.
C)must identify and pick a particular sampling element,rarely using substitutions.
D)must select the exact elements in the sample.

Question 19

Dr.Van Offer has a very large sample with very little diversity among cases,so his sampling error will be

A)very small.
B)very large.
C)the same as any other error.
D)bell-shaped.

Question 20

Which type of sampling is most applicable for capturing an existing network?

A)snowball sampling
B)quota sampling
C)purposive sampling
D)convenience sampling

Question 21

The size of a sample is more important than its frame.

Question 22

A typical confidence level is 95 percent,meaning

A)that a researcher is 95 percent confident that the true population parameter falls within the range around what the researcher found in the sample.
B)chance of 5 percent error.
C)the research is wrong.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 23

Stratified sampling is the same as snowball sampling.

Question 24

Cluster sampling has advantages and is less expensive than simple random sampling,but is slightly less accurate.

Question 25

Define convenience sampling.

Question 26

The most representative samples do not use a random selection process.

Question 27

What are the three steps in quota sampling?

Question 28

In sampling a hidden population,a researcher would use what type of sampling?

A)convenience
B)snowball
C)quota
D)None of these answer options are correct.

Question 29

Random sampling guarantees that every random sample a researcher picks perfectly represents the population.

Question 30

Snowball sampling is the same as network sampling.

Question 31

What are the limitations of quota sampling?

Question 32

A proper sample allows researchers to study features of the population from which it came.

Question 33

A probability sample would allow Mr.Marsh

A)to make valid inferences from the sample to the population
B)to research a small sample
C)to learn statistics
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 34

Qualitative researchers rarely use random sampling because they often have different goals than to get a representative sample of a large population.

Question 35

What is the difference between haphazard and random in regard to sampling?

Question 36

If a researcher wants to sample a very small target population,he might as well

A)not do any research.
B)include everyone.
C)include every third subject.
D)not include the first ten subjects.

Question 37

Quota sampling is better than convenience sampling because with it a researcher ensures that major differences in the population also appear in the researcher's sample.

Question 38

Sampling error assumes random sampling and is influenced by sample size and the diversity of cases in the sample.

Question 39

Name four nonprobability sampling techniques.

Question 40

Random-digit dialing

A)means that the researcher uses different fingers when dialing numbers.
B)compounds the problems of telephone directories.
C)nets many disconnected or non-operating numbers.
D)requires caller-ID.

Question 41

_________ is a term meaning without being systematic;a carefree "anything goes" selection method.

Question 42

This type of sampling is easy,cheap and fast,but its biggest problem is that it can produce very unrepresentative samples and lacks depth.______ is a nonsystematic selection method that often produces samples very unlike the population.

Question 43

Any statistical characteristic of an entire population is a(n)______.

Question 44

The______ the homogeneity (or the less the diversity),the smaller its sampling error.

Question 45

A quasi-random sampling method when a computer is not available is______.

Question 46

This type of population includes people who engage in concealed activities and is called ______.

Question 47

The crucial feature in snowball sampling is that each person or case has a(n)______ with one another.

Question 48

Give an example of a hidden population.

Question 49

A researcher may use ______sampling to sample a social network of people or linked organizations.

Question 50

A statistical characteristic of an entire population estimated from a sample,is a(n)______.

Question 51

________ is the ratio of the sample size to the size of the target population.

Question 52

______ sampling is appropriate when a researcher's goal is other than getting a representative sample of an entire population.The researcher uses many diverse means to select units that fit very specific characteristics.

Question 53

What is random-digit dialing?

Question 54

What are two critical features of true random processes?

Question 55

Probability samples are the same as______.

Question 56

This type of sampling is a multistage method in which groups are randomly sampled and then a random sample of elements is taken from the sampled groups.This type of random sampling is called ______.

Question 57

What is a sampling frame,and give an example?

Question 58

______ samples possible telephone numbers using computer-based random sampling.

Question 59

A(n)______ is a specific list of sampling elements in the target population.

Question 60

What is a target population?

Question 61

Compare and contrast convenience sampling with purposive sampling.

Question 62

Differentiate the meanings of the terms universe,population,and target population.

Question 63

Discuss confidence interval.What does it mean statistically?

Question 64

List and describe four types of randomized sampling techniques.

Question 65

Dr.Van Offer has proposed a study of a population with Hepatitis C,a blood/liver disease that is transmitted through contact with bodily fluids (sexual contact,sharing needles,etc. ).Since he does not have access to medical records because of confidentiality,how will he "find" this population,i.e.what type of sampling techniques might he use? What is this kind of population called? Give two other examples of this type of population.