Deck 61: Common Problems: 1-18 Years

Question 1

Which of these statements about Duchenne muscular dystrophy is TRUE?

A)It is X-linked dominant and occurs equally in males and females.
B)It is X-linked dominant and occurs primarily in females.
C)It is X-linked recessive and can be carried by either males or females.
D)It is X-linked recessive and occurs almost exclusively in males.

Answer 1

It is X-linked recessive and occurs almost exclusively in males.

Question 2

The nurse is documenting immunizations on the child's immunization record,which of these aspects should be included?

A)generic and trade names of the vaccine
B)amount of vaccine remaining in vial or ampoule
C)route of vaccine administration
D)type and date of vaccine administration

Answer 2

type and date of vaccine administration

Question 3

Which of these conditions is the leading cause of school absenteeism and the most common admitting diagnosis in children's hospitals?

A)asthma
B)influenza
C)leukemia
D)otitis media

Answer 3

asthma

Question 4

For a child diagnosed with leukemia and treated with a combination of drugs,prognosis is good if:

A)remission occurs
B)the client does not experience any adverse effects from the therapy
C)the client is compliant with the medical regime
D)there is no metastasis

Question 5

Which of these statements about school-age children with type 1 diabetes is TRUE?

A)They should be encouraged to learn to give their own injections.
B)They should be monitored closely by caregivers and teachers at all times.
C)They should learn the signs of hyperglycemia and when to test their blood sugar.
D)They should adhere to the strict diet requirements of their disease to reduce insulin dependence.

Question 6

When caring for a child diagnosed with cellulitis,which area of the body would the nurse expect to be affected?

A)face and lower extremities
B)hands and arms
C)torso only
D)upper extremities only

Question 7

The tape test can be used in the diagnosis of which of these parasitic infections?

A)giardiasis
B)hookworms
C)pinworms
D)roundworms

Question 8

When a child is diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy,genetic counseling is recommended for the caregivers and:

A)all siblings,and siblings of both caregivers and their offspring
B)female siblings only
C)female siblings,maternal aunts,and their female offspring
D)female siblings,paternal aunts,and their female offspring

Question 9

Since starting school 2 weeks ago,a child has been experiencing encopresis and has abdominal pain and cramping without abdominal distention.The nurse should prepare the client for which of these procedures?

A)enemas
B)antibiotic therapy
C)a fecal smear
D)upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI)barium studies

Question 10

Due to incomplete ossification of bones,what type of fractures are common among young children?

A)compound
B)greenstick
C)multiple
D)open

Question 11

Which of these infectious agents,once present,remains dormant within nerve cells and can be reactivated by fever,stress,trauma,sun exposure,menstruation,or immunosuppression?

A)herpes simplex virus type 1
B)pediculosis
C)scabies
D)tinea corporis

Question 12

A teenage client diagnosed with scoliosis has been treated with a brace.Progression of the curvature probably results from which of these factors?

A)improper adjustment of the brace
B)late intervention
C)misdiagnosis of the underlying cause of the curvature
D)noncompliance with the prescribed therapy

Question 13

Which of these lab results would the nurse expect in a client who has idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura?

A)normal complete blood count (CBC)
B)decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit counts
C)elevated level of white blood cells (WBCs)and low level of platelets
D)a low platelet level

Question 14

What is the focus of medical treatment of children who have asthma?

A)desensitizing clients to causative allergens
B)identification of exacerbating causes
C)pharmacological control of symptoms
D)preventing airway damage resulting from repeated and severe episodes

Question 15

The nurse should instruct the caregivers of a 5-year-old client who has been diagnosed with upper respiratory infection to:

A)use nonsalicylate antipyretics such as acetaminophen for fever
B)wear a surgical mask when attending to the child
C)offer the child high-calorie milk-based feedings
D)use an over-the-counter nasal spray after feedings

Question 16

A nurse palpates enlarged tonsils in a 3-year-old client who exhibits no symptoms of illness.What is the significance of this finding?

A)It is indicative of tumor growth and should be reported to the health care provider.
B)It is a normal finding for a child of this age.
C)It is a precursor to developing illness.
D)It is a response to increased allergens and not necessarily an indicator of illness.

Question 17

Which of these statements about idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura in children is TRUE?

A)It is self-limiting and resolves within 6 months.
B)It occurs as a result of aggressive leukemia therapy.
C)It occurs most frequently during adolescence.
D)It requires numerous transfusions of platelets to replace those not being produced in the body.

Question 18

What is considered to be the treatment of choice for children who have Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease?

A)a non-weight-bearing abduction brace
B)non-weight-bearing range-of-motion exercises and bed rest for a minimum of 2 months
C)surgical intervention
D)traction

Question 19

When a child has "strep throat," which of these actions should the nurse emphasize with the caregivers?

A)ensure completion of the prescribed antibiotics to prevent further complications
B)maintain treatment with antihistamines and decongestants to decrease the incidence of reoccurrence
C)isolate the child from caregivers and friends who have never had "strep throat" for 48 to 72 hours
D)allow the child to follow a usual routine of activity and rest

Question 20

Medical management of rheumatic fever includes which of these interventions?

A)application of continuous heat to affected joints
B)long-term administration of steroids
C)extended period of bed rest
D)monthly throat cultures

Question 21

Why are small children at greater risk for being bitten by an animal?

A)They are unable to follow directions.
B)They have slower reactions to aggressive behavior.
C)They have not been immunized for rabies.
D)Their height puts them at greater risk.

Question 22

When a client is in remission of nephrotic syndrome,which of these therapies should be considered?

A)corticosteroid and diuretic administration
B)kidney biopsy
C)kidney transplant
D)administration of pneumococci and flu vaccines

Question 23

Why is obesity in children difficult to treat successfully?

A)Favorite foods often are not nutritionally complete.
B)Children lack the support of caregivers who understand nutrition and food preparation.
C)Most overweight children are not interested in losing weight.
D)Physical exercise is difficult.

Question 24

In addition to children's curiosity,which of these factors contributes to the high incidence of burns among children?

A)mental health problems among children
B)risk-taking behavior among children
C)access to matches
D)failure of caretakers to adequately supervise children

Question 25

A bite from which of these insects causes a necrotic ulcer that may take months to heal?

A)black widow spider
B)brown recluse spider
C)deer tick
D)tsetse fly

Question 26

Which of the following statements regarding suicide is TRUE?

A)Adolescents who have attempted suicide once are at greatest risk for attempting it again.
B)Boys attempt suicide more often than girls.
C)Girls commit suicide five times more often than do boys.
D)Suicide often has no warning signs.

Question 27

Treatment for a child with allergic rhinitis includes which of the following? (Select all that apply. )

A)removing drapes and using blinds on windows
B)using down bedding
C)using dustcovers on beds
D)avoiding wool bedding
E)using hardwood floors

Question 28

In addition to topical steroid cream,the nurse would expect the health care provider to prescribe which of these for a client who has a severe case of contact dermatitis?

A)antifungal lotion
B)IV fluids
C)oral antibiotics
D)oral steroids

Question 29

When a nurse is performing an examination for pediculosis,which of these actions is MOST important?

A)Always wear gloves.
B)Apply Lindane lotion to any areas of questionable infestation.
C)Be prepared to perform the tape test should evidence of an infestation be noted.
D)Observe both the scalp and body for evidence of infestation.

Question 30

A female client will be receiving isotretinoin (Accutane)for nodulocystic acne.The nurse should instruct the client to:

A)recognize the risk of developing "super infection" during therapy
B)take prescribed contraceptives before,during,and after treatment
C)restrict intake of allergens such as chocolate and spicy foods
D)expect immediate improvement in acne

Question 31

Children should be advised to avoid areas where venomous spiders are likely to live,such as:

A)overgrown or unmowed fields
B)dead tree trunks
C)closets and woodpiles
D)gardens with many shrubs

Question 32

When assessing a child with suspected tonsillitis,the nurse would expect to see which of the following signs and symptoms? (Select all that apply. )

A)sore throat
B)nose breathing
C)snoring
D)inability to speak
E)enlarged white tonsils
F)halitosis

Question 33

What is the usual treatment of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis?

A)antibiotic administration
B)dialysis
C)increasing fluid intake during the acute phase
D)no treatment

Question 34

Signs and symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder include:

A)difficulty following directions
B)daydreaming
C)excessive sleep patterns
D)inability to verbalize needs

Question 35

The highest incidence of anorexia and bulimia nervosa occurs among which of these groups?

A)African American girls of middle to low socioeconomic classes
B)Asian Americans of middle socioeconomic classes
C)Caucasian boys of higher socioeconomic classes
D)Caucasian girls of higher socioeconomic classes

Question 36

When a nurse is providing education to the caregiver of a child who is autistic,which of these aspects MUST be included?

A)avoiding overprotection or coddling
B)exposing their child to varied experiences as often as possible
C)insisting their child perform daily self-care tasks
D)keeping schedules and caregivers as consistent as possible