Deck 29: Blood Vessels

Question 1

After birth the umbilical vessels remaining in the infant's body:

A) become fibrous cords that remain throughout life.
B) are shed in about 6 weeks.
C) shrink to eventually become capillaries.
D) remain as possible shunts for use later in life.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

All arteries of the systemic circulation branch from the:

A) superior vena cava.
B) pulmonary artery.
C) innominate artery.
D) aorta.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

In fetal circulation, the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale:

A) take blood from the fetus to the placenta.
B) connect the pulmonary artery with the aorta.
C) bypass the lungs.
D) shunt blood from the right atrium into the left atrium.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The structural components of the circulatory system include the:

A) heart and lungs.
B) heart and lymph nodes.
C) heart and blood vessels.
D) heart, vessels, and lymph nodes.

Question 5

In fetal circulation, the ductus venosus:

A) takes blood from the fetus to the placenta.
B) connects the pulmonary artery with the aorta.
C) bypasses the liver.
D) shunts blood from the right atrium into the left atrium.

Question 6

Which of the following is a stretching of the artery walls?

A) Varicose veins
B) Anastomosis
C) Phlebitis
D) Aneurysm

Question 7

Which of the following is a superficial vein in the lower arm?

A) Great saphenous
B) Cephalic
C) Brachial
D) Axillary

Question 8

A vein that returns blood from the head is the:

A) carotid.
B) innominate.
C) azygos.
D) jugular.

Question 9

Both the tunica media and the tunica adventitia are absent in:

A) arteries.
B) veins.
C) capillaries.
D) both B and C.

Question 10

Which of the following vessels do not have the ability to constrict and dilate?

A) Arterioles
B) Arteries
C) Capillaries
D) Veins

Question 11

Which of the following act as blood reservoirs?

A) Arteries
B) Arterioles
C) Capillaries
D) Veins

Question 12

The order of blood flow through the vessels is:

A) arterioles, venules, capillaries, arteries, and veins.
B) arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.
C) veins, venules, capillaries, arterioles, and arteries.
D) arterioles, arteries, capillaries, veins, and venules.

Question 13

Atherosclerosis is characterized by the deposition of lipids in the tunica:

A) intima.
B) adventitia.
C) media.
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 14

The tissue layers of blood vessels from exterior to interior are:

A) tunica media, tunica intima, and tunica adventitia.
B) tunica adventitia, tunica media, and tunica intima.
C) tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia.
D) tunica media, tunica adventitia, and tunica intima.

Question 15

The pulmonary arteries carry blood to the:

A) lungs.
B) left atrium.
C) right atrium.
D) None of the above are correct.

Question 16

Blood from the stomach and intestines goes to the liver through the:

A) hepatic portal vein.
B) hepatic vein.
C) renal vein.
D) inferior vena cava.

Question 17

Regarding fetal circulation, the small vessel connecting the pulmonary artery with the descending thoracic aorta is called the:

A) ductus arteriosus.
B) foramen ovale.
C) ductus venosus.
D) umbilical artery.

Question 18

Smooth muscle in blood vessels is located in the tunica:

A) adventitia.
B) intima.
C) media.
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 19

As the external iliac artery enters the thigh, its name changes to the _____ artery.

A) subclavian
B) brachial
C) femoral
D) popliteal

Question 20

Which of the following vessels carries blood from the lungs to the heart?

A) Aorta
B) Pulmonary artery
C) Pulmonary vein
D) Inferior vena cava

Question 21

Veins always carry deoxygenated blood.

Question 22

Systemic circulation includes blood flow to all parts of the body except the lungs.

Question 23

Arteries always carry blood away from the heart.

Question 24

Pulmonary circulation is blood flow through the liver.

Question 25

Which of these blood vessels contain precapillary sphincters?

A) Venules
B) Muscular arteries
C) Arterioles
D) Metarterioles

Question 26

Precapillary sphincters increase the flow of blood through a tissue when they relax.

Question 27

Which of these blood vessels are called resistance vessels?

A) Venules
B) Muscular arteries
C) Arterioles
D) Metarterioles

Question 28

The tunica intima of arteries provides a smooth lining with valves to ensure one-way flow.

Question 29

The tunica media is also called the tunica adventitia.

Question 30

Which statement is true of veins?

A) They always carry nonoxygenated blood.
B) They can be either muscular or elastic.
C) They always carry blood back to the heart.
D) All of the above are true of veins.

Question 31

Precapillary sphincters are located in venules.

Question 32

The blood vessel connecting the two capillary beds in the hepatic portal system is called a(n):

A) artery, because it is carrying blood to a capillary bed.
B) arteriole, because it has a precapillary sphincter muscle.
C) vein, because it is draining blood from a capillary bed.
D) portal vessel, because it is not easily classified as an artery or vein.

Question 33

Which statement is true of arteries?

A) They always carry oxygenated blood.
B) They always carry blood away from the heart.
C) They are the capacitance vessels of the body.
D) Both A and B are true of arteries.

Question 34

The circle of Willis is an example of an anastomosis.

Question 35

The pulmonary artery carries oxygenated blood.

Question 36

Christopher, a 2-month-old infant, has a bluish tinge to his skin. Upon listening to the infant's chest, the physician became concerned about a leakage of blood between the right and left atria. What might have caused this problem and what is the treatment?

A) The ductus venosus may not have closed at birth, and immediate surgical repair may be needed.
B) The ductus arteriosus may not have closed at birth, and immediate surgical repair may be needed.
C) The foramen ovale may not be closed, causing backflow of blood into the lungs. The physician will reexamine the infant frequently because the foramen ovale may take as long as 9 months to heal.
D) The foramen ovale may be closed, causing backflow of blood into the lungs. The physician will reexamine the infant frequently because the foramen ovale may take as long as 9 months to open.

Question 37

The most important blood vessels in the cardiovascular system are the:

A) capillaries.
B) arteries.
C) veins.
D) arterioles.

Question 38

How would relocating a vein for the purpose of bypassing a partial blockage in the coronary arteries support a better functioning heart?

A) It would reduce the infection near the heart.
B) It would reduce the size of an enlarged heart by removing venous blood from the damaged area, thus making the heart a better pump.
C) It would increase the cardiac contraction ability of the heart muscle by removing venous blood from the damaged area.
D) It would construct detours around blocked coronary arteries and return oxygen-rich blood flow to the coronary arteries.

Question 39

As the external iliac artery enters the thigh, its name changes to the femoral artery.

Question 40

After birth the ductus venosus closes and:

A) allows blood to flow to the lungs.
B) allows blood to flow to the liver.
C) prevents blood from moving from the right to the left atrium.
D) stops blood flow to the placenta.

Question 41

All blood returns to the heart by way of either the superior vena cava or the inferior vena cava.

Question 42

The ductus arteriosus allows fetal blood to bypass the nonfunctioning fetal liver.

Question 43

A portal system sends blood through two sets of capillaries.

Question 44

Very large arteries are called sinuses.

Question 45

There are two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein.

Question 46

One function of elastic fibers is to help maintain blood pressure.

Question 47

Continuous, fenestrated, and sinusoid are all terms that can describe a type of capillary.

Question 48

The blood vessels that supply other blood vessels with blood are called the vasa vasorum.

Question 49

Blood flow from the pulmonary arteries leads to the lungs.

Question 50

Microcirculation includes only the blood flowing through the capillaries.

Question 51

Veins tend to have more anastomoses than do arteries.

Question 52

The tunica media in veins is thinner than the tunica media in arteries.

Question 53

It is easier for material to pass through a continuous capillary than through a fenestrated capillary.

Question 54

Capacitance is a characteristic of veins.

Question 55

The first part of the aorta is called the aortic arch.

Question 56

A stenotic valve is a leaky valve.

Question 57

Umbilical arteries carry blood from the placenta to the fetus.

Question 58

Smooth muscle is found in all parts of the vascular system except the capillaries.

Question 59

Arteriosclerosis means "chest pain."

Question 60

The descending aorta is composed of the thoracic and abdominal aortas.

Question 61

Match each term with its corresponding description.
a.Arteries
b.Capillaries
c.Pulmonary circulation
d.Systemic circulation
e.Tunica adventitia
f.Tunica intima
g.Tunica media
h.Veins
Blood flow from the heart to the body (not the lungs) and back to the heart

Question 62

Arteriovenous shunts can redirect blood through the skin to help regulate heat loss.

Question 63

Match each term with its corresponding description.
a.Arteries
b.Capillaries
c.Pulmonary circulation
d.Systemic circulation
e.Tunica adventitia
f.Tunica intima
g.Tunica media
h.Veins
Innermost layer of a blood vessel, consisting of endothelium

Question 64

Match each term with its corresponding description.
a.Arteries
b.Capillaries
c.Pulmonary circulation
d.Systemic circulation
e.Tunica adventitia
f.Tunica intima
g.Tunica media
h.Veins
Vessels that carry blood away from the heart

Question 65

The aorta is an example of a muscular artery.

Question 66

Match each artery to its correct anatomical location.
a.Axillary
b.Carotid
c.Coronary
d.Femoral
e.Gastric
f.Hepatic
g.Radial
h.Renal
i.Suprarenal
j.Tibial
Forearm

Question 67

The foramen ovale is a hole in the wall between the right and left ventricles in the fetus heart that facilitates blood being shunted away to avoid the nonfunctioning lungs.

Question 68

All veins carry blood back to the heart.

Question 69

Match each artery to its correct anatomical location.
a.Axillary
b.Carotid
c.Coronary
d.Femoral
e.Gastric
f.Hepatic
g.Radial
h.Renal
i.Suprarenal
j.Tibial
Heart

Question 70

Match each artery to its correct anatomical location.
a.Axillary
b.Carotid
c.Coronary
d.Femoral
e.Gastric
f.Hepatic
g.Radial
h.Renal
i.Suprarenal
j.Tibial
Upper leg

Question 71

Match each artery to its correct anatomical location.
a.Axillary
b.Carotid
c.Coronary
d.Femoral
e.Gastric
f.Hepatic
g.Radial
h.Renal
i.Suprarenal
j.Tibial
Adrenal gland

Question 72

Match each artery to its correct anatomical location.
a.Axillary
b.Carotid
c.Coronary
d.Femoral
e.Gastric
f.Hepatic
g.Radial
h.Renal
i.Suprarenal
j.Tibial
Upper arm

Question 73

Match each artery to its correct anatomical location.
a.Axillary
b.Carotid
c.Coronary
d.Femoral
e.Gastric
f.Hepatic
g.Radial
h.Renal
i.Suprarenal
j.Tibial
Brain

Question 74

Match each artery to its correct anatomical location.
a.Axillary
b.Carotid
c.Coronary
d.Femoral
e.Gastric
f.Hepatic
g.Radial
h.Renal
i.Suprarenal
j.Tibial
Stomach

Question 75

Collagen fibers function to keep the lumen of the blood vessel open.

Question 76

Match each artery to its correct anatomical location.
a.Axillary
b.Carotid
c.Coronary
d.Femoral
e.Gastric
f.Hepatic
g.Radial
h.Renal
i.Suprarenal
j.Tibial
Liver

Question 77

Match each term with its corresponding description.
a.Arteries
b.Capillaries
c.Pulmonary circulation
d.Systemic circulation
e.Tunica adventitia
f.Tunica intima
g.Tunica media
h.Veins
Vessel in which exchange occurs between the blood and tissue fluid

Question 78

Match each artery to its correct anatomical location.
a.Axillary
b.Carotid
c.Coronary
d.Femoral
e.Gastric
f.Hepatic
g.Radial
h.Renal
i.Suprarenal
j.Tibial
Kidney

Question 79

Match each artery to its correct anatomical location.
a.Axillary
b.Carotid
c.Coronary
d.Femoral
e.Gastric
f.Hepatic
g.Radial
h.Renal
i.Suprarenal
j.Tibial
Lower leg

Question 80

Both the ductus venosus and ductus arteriosus are adaptations of the fetal circulatory system designed to shunt blood away from the nonfunctioning lungs.