Deck 38: Upper Digestive Tract

Question 1

Which of the following papillae of the tongue lack taste buds?

A) Vallate
B) Fungiform
C) Filiform
D) Lingual

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following organs has a mucosal layer that is composed of columnar epithelium with a brush border of microvilli to enhance absorption?

A) Esophagus
B) Large intestine
C) Small intestine
D) Stomach

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A permanent set of teeth normally consists of _____ teeth.

A) 26
B) 30
C) 32
D) 36

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following structures controls the opening of the stomach into the small intestine?

A) Fundus
B) Cardiac sphincter
C) Pyloric sphincter
D) Body

Question 5

The numerous small elevations on the surface of the tongue that support taste buds are called:

A) cilia.
B) rugae.
C) villi.
D) papillae.

Question 6

All of the following are classified as accessory organs of the digestive system except the:

A) tongue.
B) mouth.
C) liver.
D) pancreas.

Question 7

The hard palate consists of portions of:

A) four bones: three maxillae and one palatine.
B) two bones: one maxillae and one palatine.
C) four bones: two maxillae and two palatines.
D) two bones: two palatines.

Question 8

Which of the following salivary glands produces only a mucus type of saliva?

A) Sublinguals
B) Parotids
C) Submandibulars
D) Both A and B

Question 9

The more common term for deglutition is:

A) chewing.
B) swallowing.
C) mechanical digestion.
D) vomiting.

Question 10

The substance that forms the outer covering of the neck and root of a tooth is:

A) enamel.
B) dentin.
C) cementum.
D) pulp.

Question 11

The greatest proportion of the tooth shell consists of:

A) enamel.
B) dentin.
C) gingivae.
D) cementum.

Question 12

The flap of tissue suspended from the midpoint of the posterior border of the soft palate is the:

A) fauces.
B) frenulum.
C) uvula.
D) gingiva.

Question 13

An incision into the wall of the GI tract would cut, in order, from superficial to deep:

A) mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa.
B) serosa, submucosa, muscularis, and mucosa.
C) serosa, muscularis, submucosa, and mucosa.
D) muscularis, submucosa, mucosa, and serosa.

Question 14

The tooth type that is not part of a deciduous set of teeth is:

A) incisors.
B) canines (cuspids).
C) second molars.
D) premolars (bicuspids).

Question 15

Under normal conditions, how many deciduous teeth are there?

A) 16
B) 20
C) 24
D) 32

Question 16

The extrinsic tongue muscles differ from the intrinsic tongue muscles in that the _____ outside the tongue.

A) extrinsic muscles have both their insertion and origin
B) intrinsic muscles have their origin inside the tongue but their insertion
C) extrinsic muscles insert into the tongue but have their origin
D) intrinsic muscles have both their insertion and origin

Question 17

The walls of the GI tract are composed of ____ layers of tissue.

A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five

Question 18

The type of cell designed for absorption and secretion found throughout much of the GI tract is _____ epithelium.

A) simple columnar
B) stratified squamous
C) simple squamous
D) pseudostratified

Question 19

Approximately how much saliva do the three pairs of compound tubuloalveolar glands (parotids, submandibulars, and sublinguals) secrete each day?

A) 200 ml
B) 500 ml
C) 750 ml
D) 1 liter

Question 20

Which of the following organs has a mucosa layer composed of stratified squamous epithelium that resists abrasion?

A) Esophagus
B) Stomach
C) Small intestine
D) Large intestine

Question 21

Which of the following is not a division of the stomach?

A) Rugae
B) Body
C) Pylorus
D) Fundus

Question 22

Which structure helps anchor the tongue to the floor of the mouth?

A) Philtrum
B) Plica fimbriata
C) Frenulum
D) Fauces

Question 23

Which of the following is not associated with the large intestine?

A) Pyloric sphincter
B) Cecum
C) Appendix
D) Transverse colon

Question 24

The contents of the stomach are emptied into the:

A) duodenum.
B) ileum.
C) jejunum.
D) cecum.

Question 25

Which of the following is true about the main organs of the digestive system?

A) They are involved in chemical digestion only, not mechanical digestion.
B) They do not produce the enzymes used in digestion; enzymes are produced by associate organs.
C) They form a tube through the body called the alimentary canal.
D) All of the above are true about the main organs of the digestion system.

Question 26

Which part of the stomach actually lies above the entrance of the esophagus?

A) Fundus
B) Pylorus
C) Body
D) Lesser curvature

Question 27

The oral fissure divides the:

A) upper lip from the lower lip.
B) cheek muscle from the teeth.
C) right and left sides of the palate.
D) right side of the tongue from the left side of the tongue.

Question 28

Which of the following is not a function of the stomach?

A) Secretes gastric juices
B) Secretes intrinsic factor
C) Produces the hormone gastrin
D) Begins deglutition

Question 29

Heartburn is often caused by acid reflux. Which of the following might aggravate the reflux?

A) Smoking
B) Obesity
C) Spicy foods
D) All of the above

Question 30

Which of the following is not a main part of the tooth?

A) Crown
B) Enamel coat
C) Root
D) Neck

Question 31

The lamina propria is found in which level of the GI wall?

A) Mucosa
B) Submucosa
C) Muscularis
D) Serosa

Question 32

Which of the following is not made up of nerves running through the walls of the digestive system?

A) Meissner plexus
B) Auerbach plexus
C) Intramural plexus
D) All of the above are nerves running through the walls of the digestive system.

Question 33

The fauces opens into the:

A) larynx.
B) laryngopharynx.
C) oropharynx.
D) nasopharynx.

Question 34

In the stomach, hydrochloric acid is secreted by the:

A) chief cells.
B) parietal cells.
C) lymph nodules.
D) Both A and B are correct.

Question 35

Which of the following is not a function of the stomach?

A) It serves as a reservoir for storage of food.
B) It destroys pathogenic bacteria.
C) It begins the absorption of proteins.
D) All of the above are functions of the stomach.

Question 36

Meissner plexus is found in which layer of the GI wall?

A) Mucosa
B) Submucosa
C) Muscularis
D) Serosa

Question 37

The myenteric plexus is found in which layer of the GI wall?

A) Mucosa
B) Submucosa
C) Muscularis
D) Serosa

Question 38

Hydrochloric acid is released from cells in the:

A) stomach.
B) pancreas.
C) small intestine.
D) large intestine.
E) All of the above are correct.

Question 39

Which of the following is not a duct leading from the salivary glands to the oral cavity?

A) Wharton ducts
B) Ranvier ducts
C) Stensen ducts
D) Rivinus duct

Question 40

The chief cells in the stomach secrete:

A) gastrin.
B) mucus.
C) intrinsic factor.
D) digestive enzymes.

Question 41

The hard palate is fashioned of muscle arranged in the shape of an arch.

Question 42

Gingivitis is the general term for inflammation or infection of the gums.

Question 43

The hard palate of the mouth consists of two maxillae and two palatine bones.

Question 44

There are normally 20 deciduous teeth, also known as baby teeth.

Question 45

After food is digested, it enters the alimentary canal.

Question 46

Dentin comes into direct contact with what substance below the gum line?

A) Enamel
B) Cementum
C) The periodontal membrane
D) Both B and C

Question 47

The tricuspids are the last of the permanent teeth to appear, usually erupting sometime after 17 years of age.

Question 48

The hardest, most stable tissue in the body is the enamel of the tooth.

Question 49

The function of the digestive system is to alter the chemical and physical composition of food so that it can be absorbed and used by body cells.

Question 50

The esophagus is anterior to the trachea.

Question 51

The intrinsic muscles of the tongue are important for swallowing and speech.

Question 52

The esophagus is prevented from collapsing by rings of cartilage.

Question 53

Periodontitis is a type of tooth decay involving the pulp of the tooth.

Question 54

Dentin comes in direct contact with what substance above the gum line?

A) Enamel
B) Cementum
C) The periodontal membrane
D) Both B and C

Question 55

The lining of the digestive system consists of three layers.

Question 56

The alimentary canal has two openings to the exterior of the body.

Question 57

The walls of the stomach and the small intestine have three layers of muscle tissue.

Question 58

During deglutition and speech, the only muscles of the tongue that contract are the intrinsic muscles.

Question 59

The pancreas is an essential organ of the digestive system.

Question 60

Mumps is an acute viral disease characterized by swelling of the parotid salivary glands.

Question 61

One of the functions of the stomach is to kill pathogens that enter the body in food.

Question 62

A hiatal hernia is caused by a weakening of the wall of the large intestine.

Question 63

The esophagus is composed of striated and smooth muscles.

Question 64

The term intramural plexus includes both the Meissner and the Auerbach plexus.

Question 65

Digestion must occur so food can pass through the wall of the alimentary canal.

Question 66

Most enamel is made up of inorganic materials.

Question 67

The chief cells, located in the stomach, secrete hydrochloric acid and are thought to produce intrinsic factor.

Question 68

An overly full stomach can push against the small intestine and obstruct the movement of food.

Question 69

Both the chemical composition and the physical state need modification so food can be absorbed.

Question 70

Most of the stomach lies to the left of the midline, below the diaphragm, and in the abdominal cavity.

Question 71

The lesser curvature is located on the upper right border of the stomach.

Question 72

The muscle structure of the esophagus changes from the top of the esophagus to the bottom of the esophagus.

Question 73

The uvula is a small, cone-shaped process that is suspended from the hard palate of the mouth.

Question 74

The pyloric sphincter is located in the fundus portion of the stomach.

Question 75

The alimentary canal and the gastrointestinal tract refer to the same structure.

Question 76

The group of blood vessels running through the submucosal layer is called the Meissner plexus.

Question 77

The foramen cecum is the opening of the small intestine into the large intestine.

Question 78

The gastric glands in the small intestine secrete enzymes and hydrochloric acid.

Question 79

The parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid.

Question 80

Teeth are considered the organs of mastication.