Deck 15: Psychological Aspects of Later Adulthood

Question 1

Which of the following is true about the social reconstruction syndrome theory:

A) It is a process whereby people respond to aging by gradually withdrawing from the various roles and social relationships they occupied in middle age
B) It is the process in which community members lead their normal lives and appreciate their older residents
C) Some authorities of this theory claim that it is functional for older people, as they are thought to be gradually losing the energy and vitality to sustain all the roles and social relationships held in younger years
D) This theory recommends providing older people with the social services they need

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is true about older people:

A) Most children's books have elderly characters and portray older people favorably
B) Older people in our society generally hold positions of economic power
C) Children usually learn their future profession or trade from their parents
D) Treating older people as incompetent, dependent, and senile may be a self-fulfilling prophecy as some of the older people end up playing the roles suggested by the stereotypes

Answer 2

D

Question 3

In Buddhism the following term means morality:

A) Sila
B) Samadhi
C) Panna
D) Nirvana

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Emperor Constantine in 315
A) Judaism

A)D. declared the following religion to be the official religion of the Roman Empire:
B) Islam
C) Christianity
D) Buddhism

Question 5

This style of grandparent leaves all child-rearing responsibilities to the parents and limits involvement to providing special treats and occasional babysitting:

A) Surrogate parent
B) Distant figure
C) Reservoir of family wisdom
D) Formal figure

Question 6

Cumming and Henry coined the term_____ to refer to a process whereby people respond to aging by gradually withdrawing from the various roles and social relationships they occupied in middle age.

A) Detachment
B) Separation
C) Disengagement
D) Separation

Question 7

Regarding social work and religion:

A) Social work has its historical roots in religious organizations
B) It is less important now for social workers to be trained for practice with religiously oriented clients
C) Social workers must give up their own religious beliefs
D) The Council on Social Work Education has now decreed that it is unethical to teach social work students about religion

Question 8

According to Erikson,which of the following is true about older people who achieve integrity:

A) They have an attitude of calm acceptance of death
B) They may seek death as a way of ending a miserable existence
C) They may desperately fear death because it makes any hope of compensating for past failures impossible
D) They view their lives as incomplete and unfulfilling

Question 9

This type of grandparent assumes considerable caretaking responsibilities usually because the parents are working or because the mother is single and working:

A) Surrogate parent
B) Distant figure
C) Fun seeker
D) Reservoir of family wisdom

Question 10

According to Erikson,which of the following is true about the psychological crisis of despair:

A) This refers to an ability to accept the facts of one's life and to face death without great fear
B) This is an integration of one's sense of past history with one's present circumstances, and a feeling of being content with the outcome
C) Older people with despair accept all the events that have happened to them without trying to deny some unpleasant facts or over-emphasize others
D) This makes an attitude of calm acceptance of death impossible

Question 11

Abraham is viewed as being an important ancestor or father in which of the following religions:

A) Judaism
B) Buddhism
C) Islam
D) Christianity

Question 12

This type of grandparent is a playmate to the grandchildren in a mutual relationship that both enjoy:

A) Surrogate parent
B) Fun seeker
C) Reservoir of family wisdom
D) Formal figure

Question 13

In Islam religion the following term means profession of faith:

A) Shahadah
B) Salat
C) Zakat
D) Saum

Question 14

This religion originated in India about 2,500 years ago:

A) Judaism
B) Buddhism
C) Christianity
D) Islam

Question 15

All of the following developmental tasks that older people encounter were listed in the text except:

A) Continuing social and civic responsibilities
B) Synergistic interaction
C) Maintaining interest in friends and family ties
D) Reappraising personal values

Question 16

The Talmud is the second most important text for this religion:

A) Judaism
B) Buddhism
C) Christianity
D) Islam

Question 17

Followers of this religion believe in the prophet Muhammad:

A) Judaism
B) Buddhism
C) Christianity
D) Islam

Question 18

This religion is centered on the life and work of Jesus of Nazareth:

A) Judaism
B) Buddhism
C) Christianity
D) Islam

Question 19

The activity theory asserts that:

A) The sexual response can be maintained in later adulthood by being sexually active
B) The community withdraws from older people
C) Employers force older people to retire
D) Society has unrealistic expectations that all adults should work and be productive

Question 20

This type of grandparent has periodic contact with the grandchildren generally on birthdays and holidays,but is quite uninvolved with their lives:

A) Distant figure
B) Fun seeker
C) Reservoir of family wisdom
D) Formal figure

Question 21

According to Erikson,despair is characterized by a feeling of regret about one's past and includes a continuous nagging desire to have done things differently.

Question 22

The Westberg model of the grieving process contains which of the following stages:

A) Shock and denial
B) Rage
C) Bargaining
D) Acceptance

Question 23

In Buddhism the law of Karma holds that good and evil deeds result in appropriate rewards or punishments in this life or in a succession of rebirths.

Question 24

It is important in later adulthood to maintain interest in friends and family.

Question 25

The social breakdown syndrome occurs for older people because of the effects of labeling.

Question 26

Which of the following is true about grieving:

A) Nearly all of us are currently grieving about some loss that we have had
B) Grieving over a serious loss should end within a year
C) Crying is an unacceptable expression of grief
D) Children should be sheltered from death

Question 27

Which of the following factors is closely related to satisfaction in later adulthood:

A) Being able to live with your children
B) Maintaining a tight barrier between you and other people
C) Coping effectively with crises
D) Reliving the past over again

Question 28

Being in love is more important for successful marriages in middle adulthood than in late adulthood.

Question 29

Couples who are still married in their later years are more likely than younger couples to state that their marriages are full of problems.

Question 30

Disengagement theory asserts that older people respond to aging by gradually withdrawing.

Question 31

You need to accept the prospect of your own death.

Question 32

For older people,the two key elements in a life review are concluding that the past was meaningful,and learning to accept the inevitability of death.

Question 33

The activity theory of aging asserts that the more physically and mentally active older people are,the more apt they are to burn out and thereby accelerate the aging process.

Question 34

A _____ is a document in which the signer asks to be allowed to die rather than be kept alive by artificial means if disabled and there is no reasonable expectation of recovery.

A) Codicil
B) Living will
C) Power of attorney
D) Guardian ad litem

Question 35

Regarding death,which of the following is true:

A) People in our society tend to handle death better than people in primitive societies
B) Cremation is prohibited in India
C) Muslims in Egypt are encouraged to suppress sadness, and instead to laugh and be joyful at burials
D) In the U.S., funerals are needed for the survivors

Question 36

Our society has generally been successful in finding something important and satisfying for older people to do.

Question 37

Older women are more apt than older men to commit suicide.

Question 38

One psychological adjustment in later adulthood involves shifting from body preoccupation to body transference.

Question 39

Religion is the general human experience of developing a sense of meaning,purpose,and morality.

Question 40

The term ageism refers to having negative images of and attitudes toward older people simply because they are old.

Question 41

Explain the activity theory on aging.

Question 42

In Japan,religious rituals expect survivors to maintain contact with the deceased.

Question 43

Health and adequate income are two factors closely related to life satisfaction in later adulthood.

Question 44

It is a mistake for older people who are without a spouse to remarry in later adulthood.

Question 45

In talking about death it is advisable to use such euphemisms as "passed on," "gone to heaven," and "taken by the Lord."

Question 46

Describe the social reconstruction syndrome theory,including the three major recommendations.

Question 47

If one or both of your parents are unable to stay in their own home because of illness,would you move them in with you and your family,or would you move them into a nursing home? Explain your reasons.

Question 48

According to Erikson,the final stage of life involves the psychological crisis of achieving integrity or falling into despair. Define both integrity and despair,and compare the lifestyles of those who achieve integrity with those who are despairing.

Question 49

A major reason people are uncomfortable about death is because in our culture we are socialized to avoid seeing death as a natural process of life.

Question 50

List and describe three life events that affect life in later adulthood.

Question 51

Evaluate the disengagement theory.

Question 52

List and describe the three key psychological adjustments suggested by Peck that must be made in order to make later adulthood meaningful and gratifying.

Question 53

Briefly describe the beliefs,traditions,and some of the holy days of Judaism,Islam,and Buddhism.

Question 54

How we live before retiring will largely determine how we deal with later adulthood.

Question 55

Many health professionals find death difficult to handle.

Question 56

Of the ten developmental tasks that older people encounter as mentioned in the text,list four of them and cite an example for each.

Question 57

Many older people contribute as much to society as they did in their earlier years.

Question 58

List seven of the ten developmental tasks listed in the text that older people encounter.

Question 59

Scientists involved with near-death research agree that there is an afterlife.

Question 60

Taboos against talking about death and dying need to be broken in our society.

Question 61

Describe both the Kübler-Ross Model and the Westberg Model of the grieving process. For a serious loss in your own life,summarize which of these models better conceptualizes the grief that you experienced.

Question 62

Cite and define the aspects of the Westberg model of the grieving process.

Question 63

What hobbies do you see yourself interested in when you are retired? Do you think you will be able to continue enjoying these hobbies if you have arthritis or some other physical ailment?

Question 64

What do you see yourself doing when you reach age 65? What would make you happy at that age?

Question 65

Do you believe there is life after death? Why or why not?

Question 66

List and describe the five stages of the Kübler-Ross model of the grieving process.

Question 67

Cite and describe four of the five grandparenting styles that were listed in the text.

Question 68

List four factors that are related to satisfaction in later adulthood.

Question 69

If a member of your family suffered a serious car accident,and has suffered irreversible brain damage,would you have a feeding tube inserted or not? Explain your reasons.

Question 70

Cite five of the seven suggestions listed in the text on how to relate to a dying person.