Deck 14: Nervous Tissue

Question 1

Which of the following statements is correct?

A) Myelin sheaths form an insulating layer around the axons of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. These structures function to slow the transmission of impulses along the axon.
B) Myelin sheaths form an insulating layer around the axons of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. These structures function to speed up the transmission of impulses along the axon.
C) Myelin sheaths form an insulating layer around the axons of neurons only in the peripheral nervous system. These structures function to speed up the transmission of impulses along the axon.
D) Myelin sheaths form an insulating layer around the cell bodies of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. These structures function to speed up the transmission of impulses along the axon.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

________ neurons possess one axon and one dendrite.

A) Bipolar
B) Multipolar
C) Unipolar
D) Anaxonic

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following statements is correct?

A) The gray matter of the cerebellum is referred to as the arbor vitae or the "tree of life."
B) The white matter of the cerebrum consists of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons and neuroglia. Myelinated axons and neuroglia can be found in the gray matter.
C) The white matter of the spinal cord has a characteristic butterfly shape.
D) The gray matter of the cerebrum consists of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons and neuroglia. Myelinated axons and neuroglia appear white and are insulated.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

________ form myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system,whereas ________ form myelin sheaths in the central nervous system.

A) Astrocytes; oligodendrocytes
B) Schwann cells; oligodendrocytes
C) Oligodendrocytes; Schwann cells
D) Astrocytes; ependymal cells

Question 5

Complete the following statement: The posterior horn of the gray matter of the spinal cord ________.

A) contains the cell bodies of autonomic motor neurons in thoracic and lumbar spinal cord levels
B) contains the cell bodies of multipolar neurons that contribute motor fibers to spinal nerves
C) contains axons of sensory neurons and cell bodies of interneurons
D) is a narrow band of tissue that connects the gray matter on each side of the spinal cord

Question 6

Put the steps of impulse transmission at a synapse in the correct order.1.Action potential promotes the entry of calcium ions into the synaptic knob.2.Neurotransmitter diffuses across the synaptic cleft.3.The presynaptic membrane releases neurotransmitter by exocytosis.4.Nerve impulse travels along the axon to the synaptic terminal.5.Neurotransmitter binds to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane.6.Secretory vesicles containing neurotransmitter fuse with the presynaptic membrane.

A) 4, 1, 6, 2, 3, 5
B) 4, 1, 6, 3, 2, 5
C) 1, 4, 6, 3, 2, 5
D) 3, 2, 4, 1, 6, 5

Question 7

Which of the following types of neurons serves as motor neurons for voluntary and involuntary movements?

A) bipolar neurons
B) anaxonic neurons
C) unipolar neurons
D) multipolar neurons

Question 8

The three layers of the cerebellar cortex are the ________.

A) molecular layer, Purkinje cell layer, and the cerebellar nuclei
B) cerebrum, Purkinje cell layer, and the molecular layer
C) molecular layer, granular layer, and the arbor vitae
D) molecular layer, Purkinje cell layer, and the granular layer

Question 9

________ contains mostly myelinated axons,whereas ________ contains cell bodies,dendrites,and unmyelinated axon fibers.

A) White matter; gray matter
B) White matter; cerebral medulla
C) Gray matter; white matter
D) Cerebral cortex; white matter

Question 10

Which type of neuroglia surrounds cell bodies in peripheral ganglia and regulates the continuous exchange of nutrients and waste products between neurons and their environment?

A) Schwann cells
B) microglia
C) satellite cell
D) astrocytes

Question 11

The ________ lies between the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes.

A) synaptic knob
B) cell body
C) synaptic cleft
D) secretory vesicles

Question 12

Saltatory propagation differs from continuous propagation in that ________.

A) saltatory propagation occurs when an action potential moves from node to node along myelinated axons
B) saltatory propagation is slower than continuous propagation.
C) continuous propagation occurs when an action potential moves from node to node along unmyelinated axons
D) There is no difference between the two types of action potential propagation.

Question 13

Which of the following types of glial cells connect neurons to blood vessels,helps form the blood-brain barrier,and assists in the regulation of oxygen,carbon dioxide,and nutrients?

A) ependymal cells
B) astrocytes
C) Schwann cells
D) microglia

Question 14

What group of cells provides support and protection for neurons?

A) oligodendrocytes
B) Schwann cells
C) ependymal cells
D) glial cells (or neuroglia)

Question 15

The spinal nerves of the PNS are formed by the combination of ________.

A) white matter and gray matter
B) a ventral root and a dorsal root
C) an anterior horn and a posterior horn
D) a dorsal root ganglion and a ventral root

Question 16

Cranial and spinal nerve fascicles are covered by the ________.

A) telodendrion
B) epineurium
C) microglia
D) perineurium

Question 17

Where are bipolar neurons located?

A) sensory ganglia for spinal nerves and most cranial nerve ganglia
B) retina of the eye, inner ear, and the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity
C) various brain regions
D) cerebral cortex, cerebellar cortex, and gray matter in the spinal cord

Question 18

The ________ is the layer of connective tissue that surrounds a nerve.

A) fascicle
B) perineurium
C) epineurium
D) axon

Question 19

Neuron processes that carry impulses toward the cell body are called ________.

A) Nissl bodies
B) dendrites
C) nodes
D) axons

Question 20

A junction specialized for communication between neurons is called a ________.

A) dendrite
B) axon
C) telodendrion
D) synapse