Deck 4: Carbohydrates

Question 1

When the amount of glucose in the blood becomes excessively high, the condition is called ____.

A)lactose intolerance
B)hyperglycemia
C)hypoglycemia
D)renal failure

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What is the simplest form of carbohydrate?

A)glycogen
B)monosaccharides
C)disaccharides
D)polysaccharides

Answer 2

B

Question 3

High blood glucose is referred to as ____.

A)hypoglycemia
B)hyperglycemia
C)diabetes mellitus
D)Crohn's disease

Answer 3

B

Question 4

What are the waste products of carbohydrate metabolism?

A)oxygen and water
B)nitrogen and oxygen
C)carbon dioxide and water
D)ammonia and urea

Question 5

This sugar is distinct from other sugars because it is not found in plants.

A)fructose
B)lactose
C)sucrose
D)glucose

Question 6

What is the name of the storage form of carbohydrate?

A)glucose
B)lactic acid
C)glycogen
D)ketone

Question 7

What is another term for glucose?

A)dextrin
B)dextrose
C)table sugar
D)saccharine

Question 8

Before carbohydrates are absorbed they are changed to ____.

A)glycogen
B)insulin
C)glucose
D)maltose

Question 9

The following condition can occur when too little carbohydrate is consumed to provide the energy needed by the body.

A)diabetes
B)ketoacidosis
C)protein malnutrition
D)anorexia

Question 10

Which disaccharide is produced by enzymatic action during the digestion of starch in the body?

A)lactose
B)sucrose
C)maltose
D)glycogen

Question 11

_____ are a principal source of carbohydrate.

A)Meats
B)Cereal grains
C)Eggs
D)Liquids

Question 12

Which monosaccharide is a product of milk digestion?

A)lactose
B)galactose
C)fructose
D)maltase

Question 13

It is common for enriched grain products to have _____ added.

A)iron
B)calcium
C)vitamin B12
D)none of the above

Question 14

What is the tough outer covering of a grain kernel called?

A)endosperm
B)exosperm
C)bran
D)germ

Question 15

What is an example of a polysaccharide?

A)sucrose
B)starch
C)galactose
D)glucagon

Question 16

Which of the following sugars is created during the fermentation process that produces alcohol?

A)lactose
B)sucrose
C)maltose
D)glycogen

Question 17

Which part of the grain is full of B vitamins?

A)endosperm
B)exosperm
C)bran
D)germ

Question 18

Which of the following hormones controls the rate of glucose metabolism?

A)insulin
B)glucagon
C)islets of Langerhans
D)steroids

Question 19

Potatoes are a good food source for _____.

A)lactose
B)glycogen
C)monosaccharides
D)complex carbohydrates

Question 20

The major source of energy for the body is provided by ____.

A)water
B)vitamins
C)carbohydrates
D)minerals

Question 21

Carbohydrates provide approximately 30% of the calories for people living in the United States. _____________________

Question 22

With the above food sources in mind, what nutrients are Jill and Henry not receiving?

Question 23

Ketoacidosis, a condition caused by the accumulation of ketones, or acids, in the blood and urine, upsets the acid-base balance of the body. This condition could cause a fatal coma. _________________________

Question 24

Provide an explanation for the use of fiber in at least five medical conditions. Explain the rationale for each. What are the best food sources for fiber?

Question 25

Carbohydrates are required by the body to furnish adequate fiber needed. _________________________

Question 26

What is cellulose, why is it important, and in what foods is it found?

Question 27

The starch in grain kernels is found primarily in the germ. ____________________

Question 28

Jill and Henry both have difficulty with constipation. What food sources provide fiber in the diet? What food sources can you recommend to aid this problem? Why have they limited the fiber in their diet? What is the dietary requirement for fiber?

Question 29

Diabetes mellitus is the main cause of obesity in the United States. _________________________

Question 30

Jill and Henry consume a lot of carbohydrates. Why is this a common occurrence among the elderly population?

Question 31

Compare and contrast the three groups of carbohydrates: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.

Question 32

Discuss the protein-sparing action of carbohydrates.

Question 33

Carbohydrates are organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and supply the major source of energy for the body. _________________________

Question 34

If there are insufficient carbohydrates in the diet to meet energy requirements, fat oxidation occurs. What is the impact of this on the metabolism of the body? What nutrients does the body use for energy?

Question 35

Discuss the consequences of consuming too much fiber.

Question 36

Develop a dietary plan for them and include a shopping list for the foods needed that they may give to a family member who shops for them.

Question 37

The body needs a constant supply of energy; consequently, it stores approximately one-half of a 24-hour need of carbohydrates in the liver and muscles. _________________________

Question 38

Insufficient lactase causes _____.

A)lactose intolerance
B)milk allergy
C)constipation
D)all of the above

Question 39

Discuss the metabolism of glucose. What is the function of glucose in the body? Which food sources are needed to obtain glucose? What controls the process of glucose metabolism? What does the body do with the glucose that is not needed?

Question 40

Disaccharides are simple sugars that may be absorbed from the intestine directly into the blood stream. ____________________

Question 41

What is the recommended weight loss per week?

Question 42

What is the minimum amount of carbohydrates needed each day?

Question 43

Using the minimum carbohydrate intake, assist your friend in planning a diet with the appropriate amounts.

Question 44

What role does glycogen play in carbohydrate metabolism?

Question 45

Why is she feeling weak and dizzy? What other symptoms may be an indication of a real problem for Sally?

Question 46

Explain the problems that may occur from a diet mildly deficient in carbohydrates and from a diet seriously deficient.