Deck 7: The Axial Skeleton

Question 1

Which of the following is not part of the axial skeleton?

A) skull
B) false ribs
C) sternum
D) hyoid bone
E) pelvic girdle

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The occipital ________ are where the occipital bone articulates with the first cervical vertebra.

A) processes
B) condyles
C) foramina
D) fossae
E) tubercles

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A) mandible: movable facial bone in skull
B) maxilla: alveolar processes
C) sphenoid: external acoustic meatus
D) frontal: glabella
E) occipital: foramen magnum

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The auditory ossicles are housed in which cranial bone?

A) sphenoid
B) ethmoid
C) zygomatic
D) temporal
E) lacrimal

Question 5

The olfactory foramina are found in which of the following bones?

A) ethmoid
B) sphenoid
C) temporal
D) nasal
E) zygomatic

Question 6

Identify the mismatched pair.

A) skull bones: 8 cranial and 14 facial bones
B) bones associated with the skull: 6 auditory ossicles and 1 hyoid bone
C) vertebral column: 24 vertebrae and 1 sacrum and 1 coccyx
D) thoracic cage: sternum and 24 ribs and 2 clavicles
E) There is no mismatched pair.

Question 7

In some individuals the supra-orbital foramen is incomplete and called the

A) supra-orbital fissure.
B) supra-orbital suture.
C) supra-orbital fontanelle.
D) supra-orbital notch.
E) supra-orbital meatus.

Question 8

Delicate projections that form from the ethmoidal labyrinth are

A) olfactory foramina.
B) pterygoid processes.
C) sphenoidal sinuses.
D) superior and middle nasal conchae.
E) auditory ossicles.

Question 9

The ________ is the bony chamber that protects and supports the brain.

A) skull
B) centrum
C) cranium
D) cephalum
E) cortex

Question 10

Which of the following is not true regarding the axial skeleton?

A) has 80 bones
B) includes the skull
C) includes the pelvic and pectoral girdles
D) includes auditory ossicles
E) includes the thoracic cage

Question 11

Which of the following is not a cranial bone?

A) frontal
B) parietal
C) palatine
D) temporal
E) occipital

Question 12

Which paired bones form the lateral, posterior portions of the cranium?

A) frontal
B) maxilla
C) sphenoid
D) parietal
E) zygomatic

Question 13

Which portion of the temporal bone houses the structures of the internal ear?

A) squamous
B) petrous
C) styloid
D) zygomatic
E) mastoid

Question 14

Which of the following articulate in the mandibular fossa?

A) condylar process
B) mastoid process
C) acromion process
D) coronoid process
E) zygomatic process

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the axial skeleton?

A) provides an attachment for muscles that move the appendicular skeleton
B) provides an attachment for muscles that move the head, neck, and trunk
C) provides an attachment for muscles involved in breathing
D) provides protection for the brain and spinal cord
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 16

Air-filled chambers found in several bones of the skull are called

A) conchae.
B) sinuses.
C) fontanelles.
D) sutures.
E) fossae.

Question 17

The skull and vertebral column are part of the ________ skeleton.

A) axial
B) apical
C) appendicular
D) articulated
E) sagittal

Question 18

The parietal bones and occipital bone articulate at the ________ suture.

A) lambdoid
B) central
C) sagittal
D) coronal
E) posterior

Question 19

Athickening of the frontal bone that helps protect the eye is the

A) optic canal.
B) supra-orbital margin.
C) superior orbital fissure.
D) frontal suture.
E) frontal sinuses.

Question 20

The internal acoustic meatus is located in which bone?

A) occipital
B) ethmoid
C) sphenoid
D) temporal
E) parietal

Question 21

The suture that forms the articulation of the parietal bones with the frontal bone is the ________ suture.

A) lambdoid
B) rostral
C) coronal
D) squamous
E) sagittal

Question 22

The foramen magnum is found in the ________ bone.

A) frontal
B) parietal
C) ethmoid
D) occipital
E) temporal

Question 23

The hard palate of the roof of the mouth is mostly formed by the

A) palatine processes of the maxillae.
B) lesser wings of the sphenoid bone.
C) nasal bones.
D) zygomatic process.
E) palatine bones.

Question 24

A skull bone that could be described as looking like a bat with wings extended is the

A) maxilla.
B) crista galli.
C) sphenoid.
D) ethmoid.
E) temporal.

Question 25

The zygomatic arch is formed by the articulation of processes from which two bones?

A) zygomatic and maxilla
B) frontal and temporal
C) sphenoid and temporal
D) zygomatic and sphenoid
E) temporal and zygomatic

Question 26

The four primary sutures are lambdoid, coronal, sagittal, and

A) lateral.
B) cuboidal.
C) parietal.
D) squamous.
E) frontal.

Question 27

Each of the following structures is associated with the sphenoid bone except the

A) foramen ovale.
B) optic canals.
C) pterygoid processes.
D) sella turcica.
E) cribriform plate.

Question 28

The nasal conchae

A) attach muscles that move the eye.
B) contain the nerves for olfaction.
C) create turbulence in the nasal passageways.
D) protect the pituitary gland.
E) attach muscles that move the mouth.

Question 29

The inferior portion of the nasal septum is formed by the

A) nasal bone.
B) perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone.
C) inferior nasal conchae.
D) vomer.
E) palatine bone.

Question 30

A point of attachment for muscles that rotate or extend the head is the

A) styloid process.
B) mastoid process.
C) palatine process.
D) coronoid process.
E) zygomatic process.

Question 31

Infection of the large process on the temporal bone would be called

A) tinnitus.
B) encephalitis.
C) meningitis.
D) petrositis.
E) mastoiditis.

Question 32

Each of the following regions/markings is associated with the occipital bone except the

A) superior and inferior nuchal lines.
B) foramen magnum.
C) hypoglossal canals.
D) glabella.
E) external occipital crest.

Question 33

Which of these is not one of the facial bones?

A) frontal
B) maxilla
C) vomer
D) mandible
E) zygomatic

Question 34

The hypophyseal fossa of the sella turcica contains the ________ gland.

A) lacrimal
B) pituitary
C) olfactory
D) nasal
E) sellar

Question 35

The prominent bulge just posterior and inferior to the external auditory meatus is the

A) mastoid process.
B) styloid process.
C) occipital condyle.
D) condyloid process.
E) temporal process.

Question 36

The calvaria (or skullcap) is formed by the ________ bones.

A) frontal, temporal, and parietal
B) frontal, parietal, and occipital
C) temporal, parietal, and occipital
D) frontal, temporal, and occipital
E) frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital

Question 37

Each of the following is associated with the temporal bone except the

A) mastoid cells.
B) petrous portion.
C) sella turcica.
D) internal acoustic meatus.
E) mandibular fossa.

Question 38

Ligaments that support the hyoid bone are attached to the

A) styloid process.
B) mastoid process.
C) palatine process.
D) coronoid process.
E) zygomatic process.

Question 39

The optic nerve passes through which structure?

A) superior orbital fissure
B) inferior orbital fissure
C) optic canal
D) internal optic meatus
E) external acoustic meatus

Question 40

The ________ bone is unusual because it doesn't contact another bone.

A) vomer
B) lacrimal
C) hyoid
D) atlas
E) ethmoid

Question 41

Figure 7-1 Floor of the Cranial Cavity
Use Figure 7-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the sphenoid bone.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 42

The bony portion of the nasal septum is formed by the

A) nasal bones.
B) perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone.
C) perpendicular plate of the ethmoid and vomer bone.
D) vomer and sphenoid bone.
E) perpendicular plate of the ethmoid and sphenoid bone.

Question 43

Of the following bones, which is unpaired?

A) vomer
B) maxillae
C) palatine
D) nasal
E) lacrimal

Question 44

Jack gets into a fight and is punched in the nose. Which of the following bones might be fractured?

A) ethmoid bone
B) zygomatic bone
C) temporal bone
D) mandible
E) parietal bone

Question 45

While playing softball, Gina is struck in the frontal bone by a wild pitch. Which of the following complaints would you expect her to have?

A) a sore jaw
B) a black eye
C) a headache
D) a sore chest
E) a sore back

Question 46

Figure 7-1 Floor of the Cranial Cavity
Use Figure 7-1 to answer the following questions:
What is the name of the structure labeled "7"?

A) optic canal
B) foramen spinosum
C) foramen rotundum
D) foramen lacerum
E) foramen ovale

Question 47

Ridges that anchor muscles that stabilize the head are the

A) anterior and posterior nuchal lines.
B) anterior and superior nuchal lines.
C) inferior and superior nuchal lines.
D) medial and lateral nuchal lines.
E) cranial and caudal nuchal lines.

Question 48

The hyoid bone

A) attaches to tongue muscles.
B) is linked to the styloid process by a ligament.
C) is superior to the larynx.
D) does not directly articulate with other bones.
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 49

The alveolar processes of the mandible

A) support the upper teeth.
B) support the lower teeth.
C) anchor the tongue.
D) are part of the temporomandibular joint.
E) articulate with the hyoid bone.

Question 50

Damage to the temporal bone would most likely affect the sense(s) of

A) balance.
B) hearing and balance.
C) smell and taste.
D) vision.
E) touch and pressure.

Question 51

Figure 7-1 Floor of the Cranial Cavity
Use Figure 7-1 to answer the following questions:
Which structure encloses the pituitary gland?

A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7
E) 8

Question 52

Your friend Greg is hit in the jaw and when looking at him, his face looks misaligned. You immediately takehim to the emergency room and are not surprised to learn that he has a broken

A) temporal bone.
B) zygomatic bone.
C) mandible.
D) external auditory meatus.
E) clavicle.

Question 53

The styloid process, zygomatic process, and auditory ossicles are associated with the

A) parietal bone.
B) occipital bone.
C) sphenoid bone.
D) temporal bone.
E) lacrimal bone.

Question 54

As the result of an accident, Bill suffers a dislocated jaw. This injury would involve the

A) stylohyoid ligaments.
B) hyoid bone.
C) condylar process of the mandible.
D) alveolar process of the mandible.
E) greater horn of the hyoid bone.

Question 55

Kristen went to the dentist complaining of jaw tenderness and popping noises when she opens and closes hermouth. He notices abnormal wearing on the articulating surfaces of her teeth. Which of the following conditions does she most likely suffer from?

A) deviated nasal septum
B) cleft palate
C) temporomandibular joint syndrome
D) dislocated jaw
E) sinusitis

Question 56

The skull contains ________ bones.

A) 32
B) 22
C) 42
D) 12
E) 27

Question 57

During development a cleft palate forms when which bones fail to meet along the midline of the hard palate?

A) temporal
B) maxillae
C) zygomatic
D) sphenoid
E) ethmoid

Question 58

Figure 7-1 Floor of the Cranial Cavity
Use Figure 7-1 to answer the following questions:
Which bone structure has foramina for the olfactory nerves?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 8
E) 5

Question 59

Premature closure of the sagittal suture would result in

A) a long and narrow head.
B) a very broad head.
C) an unusually small head.
D) a distorted head with one side being longer than the other.
E) death.

Question 60

The smallest facial bones are the

A) ethmoid bones.
B) lacrimal bones.
C) lacerum bones.
D) nasal bones.
E) zygomatic bones.

Question 61

Which statement(s) about the functions of the paranasal sinuses is/are not true?

A) They provide an extensive area of mucous epithelium.
B) They make skull bones lighter.
C) The mucus they secrete enters the oral cavities.
D) They support cilia that move the mucus.
E) They are located in the sphenoid, ethmoid, frontal, palatine and maxillae.

Question 62

Sinus inflammation is called

A) sinusitis.
B) asthma.
C) congestion.
D) postnasal drip.
E) encephalitis.

Question 63

The greater wings of which bone form a large portion of the posterior wall orbit?

A) lacrimal
B) ethmoid
C) sphenoid
D) nasal
E) zygomatic

Question 64

The nasal complex includes the bones that enclose the nasal cavity and the ________ sinuses.

A) hyponasal
B) paranasal
C) endonasal
D) epinasal
E) intranasal

Question 65

Each of the following statements concerning the development of the skull is true except that

A) all the bones of the skull develop from one single ossification center.
B) at birth the cranial bones are connected by areas of fibrous connective tissue.
C) the growth of the cranium is usually coordinated with the growth of the brain.
D) the skulls of infants and adults differ in shape and structure of the skeletal elements.
E) the most significant growth of the skull occurs before the age of 5.

Question 66

The ________ passes through the ________.

A) vagus nerve; foramen magnum
B) optic nerve; foramen ovale
C) vestibulocochlear nerve; external acoustic meatus
D) internal jugular vein; jugular foramen
E) internal carotid artery; jugular foramen

Question 67

The floor of the orbital complex is formed mainly by the

A) maxilla.
B) ethmoid.
C) zygomatic.
D) sphenoid.
E) frontal.

Question 68

Sutures can be found at all of the joints of an adult skull except between

A) the mandible and the cranium.
B) the zygomatic bone and the maxillary bone.
C) the occipital bone and the parietal bone.
D) the vomer and the zygomatic bone.
E) the sphenoid bone and the ethmoid bone.

Question 69

The condition in which distortions of the skull occur due to the premature closure of fontanelles is called

A) anencephaly.
B) microcephaly.
C) craniostenosis.
D) membranitis.
E) epicranial block.

Question 70

In the condition known as ________, premature closure of all of the cranial sutures results in restricted brain growth and an undersized head.

A) anencephaly
B) microcephaly
C) craniostenosis
D) membranitis
E) epicranial block

Question 71

Figure 7-1 Floor of the Cranial Cavity
Use Figure 7-1 to answer the following questions:
What is the name of the structure labeled "8"?

A) sella turcica
B) foramen ovale
C) foramen rotundum
D) carotid canal
E) foramen spinosum

Question 72

A bent nasal septum that slows or prevents sinus drainage is known clinically as a ________ septum.

A) deviated
B) crooked
C) obstructive
D) deviant
E) restrictive

Question 73

The nasal complex consists of all of the following bones except the

A) zygomatic.
B) ethmoid.
C) sphenoid.
D) frontal.
E) maxillary.

Question 74

The large foramen that serves as a passageway for the medulla of the brain and the accessory nerve (XI)isthe

A) foramen lacerum.
B) foramen rotundum.
C) carotid canal.
D) jugular foramen.
E) foramen magnum.

Question 75

Nerves carrying sensory information from the lips and the chin pass through the

A) ramus of the mandible.
B) condylar process.
C) mental foramina.
D) mandibular foramen.
E) maxillary foramina.

Question 76

The largest sinus is within which bone?

A) nasal
B) sphenoid
C) ethmoid
D) frontal
E) maxilla

Question 77

How many bones make up the orbital complex?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
E) 7

Question 78

The role(s) of the sinuses include(s)

A) making the skull lighter.
B) production of mucus that moistens and cleans the air.
C) increasing surface area for gas exchange.
D) extra source of air and increasing surface area for gas exchange.
E) making the skull lighter and production of mucus that moistens and cleans the air.

Question 79

Each of the following bones is a component of the orbital complex except the ________ bone.

A) lacrimal
B) nasal
C) sphenoid
D) ethmoid
E) frontal

Question 80

The facial nerve (VII) passes through the internal acoustic meatus and then through the

A) mastoid foramen.
B) stylomastoid foramen.
C) jugular foramen.
D) carotid foramen.
E) foramen lacerum.