Deck 10: Neurology - Nervous System

Question 1

In this condition,excessive cerebrospinal fluid increases the intracranial pressure,distends the ventricles of the brain,and compresses brain tissue.

A) anencephaly
B) subdural hematoma
C) Down syndrome
D) hydrocephalus

Answer 1

hydrocephalus

Question 2

Spinal bifida may result in a hernia of the spinal cord and its covering membrane protruding to the outside of the body.This condition is known as:

A) meningitis.
B) meningomyelocele.
C) hematoma.
D) meningioma.

Answer 2

meningomyelocele.

Question 3

When the patient experienced trauma to the occipital lobe of the brain,his sense of ____________ was affected.

A) smell
B) hearing
C) sight
D) taste

Answer 3

sight

Question 4

The cells of the nervous system that form the blood-brain barrier to keep certain substances from gaining access to the brain are called:

A) astrocytes.
B) Schwann cells.
C) ependymal cells.
D) dendrites.

Question 5

In the later stages of Parkinson's disease,a patient could have:

A) jerking muscle contractions and incontinence.
B) a mask-like facial expression and shuffling gait.
C) stiff neck and lethargy.
D) paralysis on one half of the body and difficulty speaking.

Question 6

The numerical scale that measures the depth of a coma is known as the ____________ Coma Scale.

A) Babinski
B) Glasgow
C) Romberg
D) Huntington

Question 7

Nuchal rigidity is an important sign of:

A) postictal state.
B) Bell's palsy.
C) meningitis.
D) migraine.

Question 8

Which condition,with its lack of oxygenated blood to brain tissues,causes signs and symptoms similar to a stroke but lasts only 24 hours?

A) CTS
B) TIA
C) CSF
D) TENS

Question 9

The autopsy report read,"Numerous neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques are seen in the brain tissue." The diagnosis for this patient would be:

A) stroke.
B) glioma.
C) Alzheimer's disease.
D) epilepsy.

Question 10

Which neurotransmitter is the body's own natural pain reliever?

A) acetylcholine
B) serotonin
C) dopamine
D) endorphins

Question 11

Mrs.Sweet has diabetic neuropathy with tingling or pinprick sensations on her skin called:

A) paraesthesias.
B) anesthesia.
C) causalgia.
D) polyneuritis.

Question 12

Mrs.Lynn had a stroke that left her with the inability to understand spoken or written words.This is known as:

A) expressive aphasia.
B) amnesia.
C) petit mal epilepsy.
D) receptive aphasia.

Question 13

All of the following disease conditions are related to each other except:

A) HNP.
B) radiculopathy.
C) sciatica.
D) myelomeningocele.

Question 14

Which radiologic procedure uses x-rays and an opaque contrast dye to create three-dimensional images of the brain or spinal cord?

A) LP
B) CT scan
C) PET scan
D) ICP

Question 15

Which condition commonly accompanies migraine headaches?

A) narcolepsy
B) seizures
C) photophobia
D) syncope

Question 16

Some patients with epilepsy experience an ____________ or forewarning of an impending seizure.

A) automatism
B) aura
C) amnesia
D) aphasia

Question 17

The drugs donepezil (Aricept) and tacrine (Cognex) are used to treat:

A) Alzheimer's disease.
B) Bell's palsy.
C) Guillain-Barre syndrome.
D) Parkinson's disease.

Question 18

Cerebral palsy is caused by:

A) a lack of oxygen to the fetal brain before or during delivery.
B) vigorously shaking an infant.
C) a genetic mutation.
D) a virus transmitted to the fetus before or during birth.

Question 19

Grand mal seizures with unconsciousness and excessive motor activity are also known as ____________ seizures.

A) complex partial
B) tonic-clonic
C) focal motor
D) petit mal

Question 20

Which condition of the motor nerves of the spinal column is sometimes called Lou Gehrig's disease and is characterized by muscle wasting,spasms,and eventual paralysis.

A) multiple sclerosis
B) von Recklinghausen's disease
C) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
D) neurofibromatosis

Question 21

The effects of a ____________ last 24 hours and are due to a temporary lack of oxygenated blood to an area of the brain.

A) TIA
B) CVA
C) CNS
D) CP

Question 22

The pairs of cranial nerves are numbered as follows:

A) 1 through 10.
B) 1 through 12.
C) I through XII.
D) I through X.

Question 23

All of the following are true about the Romberg test except:

A) it is also known as the station test.
B) it asks the patient to recall objects or words.
C) it is a test of balance.
D) it is done with the feet together and the eyes closed.

Question 24

The cell body of a neuron sends the electrical impulse to the:

A) synapse.
B) myelin sheath.
C) axon.
D) dendrites.

Question 25

Which condition is caused by a lack of oxygen to parts of the fetal brain during birth?

A) muscular dystrophy
B) cerebral palsy
C) coma
D) cerebrovascular accident

Question 26

Which is another name for tonic-clonic seizures?

A) petit mal seizures
B) focal motor seizures
C) absence seizures
D) grand mal seizures

Question 27

Which is the medical word for a common headache?

A) encephalitis
B) migraine
C) cephalalgia
D) syncope

Question 28

Which cranial nerve controls swallowing?

A) glossopharyngeal
B) optic
C) vagus
D) oculomotor

Question 29

The middle layer of the meninges that surrounds the brain and the spinal cord is known as the:

A) dura mater.
B) pia mater.
C) arachnoid.
D) gyrus.

Question 30

Which nerves carry nerve impulses away from the spinal cord?

A) afferent nerves
B) cranial nerves
C) efferent nerves
D) dendrites

Question 31

Mrs.Sands underwent polysomnography to find out the underlying cause of her:

A) epilepsy.
B) dyslexia.
C) cephalalgia.
D) narcolepsy.

Question 32

The abbreviation AVM means :

A) arteriovenous multiforme.
B) atrioventricular multiforme.
C) atrioventricular malformation.
D) arteriovenous malformation.

Question 33

A syncopal episode would consist of all of these signs except:

A) seizure.
B) fainting.
C) lightheadedness.
D) brief loss of consciousness.

Question 34

Which is a chronic neurologic disease due to an imbalance in the levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine in the brain?

A) Huntington's chorea
B) Parkinson's disease
C) Alzheimer's disease
D) dementia

Question 35

Which word describes a traumatic injury to the brain with no loss of consciousness,but with bruising and some bleeding in the tissues?

A) coma
B) convulsion
C) contusion
D) hemorrhaging

Question 36

All of the following are true about a carotid endarterectomy except:

A) it involves a surgical procedure.
B) it removes excess CSF from the brain.
C) it removes plaque from the artery.
D) it decreases the risk of having a stroke.

Question 37

The patient sustained a gunshot wound to the lumbar area of his back that severed the spinal cord.This resulted in:

A) hemiparesis.
B) hemiplegia.
C) paraplegia.
D) quadriplegia.

Question 38

Which condition is also known as tic douloureux?

A) neurofibromatosis
B) neuroma
C) epilepsy
D) trigeminal neuralgia

Question 39

The loss of the ability to communicate verbally or in writing is known as:

A) amnesia.
B) global aphasia.
C) dysphasia.
D) paresthesia.

Question 40

Which part of the brain regulates body temperature,sensations of hunger and thirst,and the circadian (24-hour) rhythm of the body?

A) hypothalamus
B) cerebrum
C) ventricles
D) cerebellum

Question 41

The olfactory nerve is associated with what function?

A) vision
B) smell
C) hearing
D) breathing

Question 42

The brain is housed within what bony structure?

A) cranium
B) cranial cavity
C) cerebrum
D) ventricles

Question 43

The posterior or dorsal nerve roots of the spinal cord are categorized as what type of nerves?

A) afferent nerves
B) ventral nerves
C) efferent nerves
D) cranial nerves

Question 44

A very deep,anterior-to-posterior fissure divides the cerebrum into what right and left structures?

A) corpus callosum
B) meninges
C) ventricles
D) hemispheres

Question 45

Which is a neurologic test in which the metal handle of a percussion hammer is used to firmly stroke the lateral sole of the foot from the heel to the toes?

A) Glasgow scale
B) mini mental status exam
C) Babinski's sign
D) visual evoked response test

Question 46

The abbreviations VEP,VER,BAEP,BAER describe:

A) evoked potentials.
B) sleep study testing.
C) nerve conduction studies.
D) station testing.

Question 47

Decreased areas of metabolism in the brain as shown on a PET scan could be due to all of the following except:

A) Alzheimer's disease.
B) epilepsy.
C) Parkinson's disease.
D) flaccid paralysis.

Question 48

Which part is the most superior part of the brainstem and keeps the mind conscious?

A) cerebellum
B) occipital lobe
C) midbrain
D) medulla oblongata

Question 49

A Babinski's sign is reported as being either ______________.

A) a normal level or an elevated level
B) positive or negative
C) greater than normal or less than normal
D) none of the above

Question 50

____________ is the word for one of the multiple branches at the beginning of a neuron.

A) Myelin
B) Synapse
C) Axon
D) Dendrite

Question 51

Which medical procedure uses an electrical device to control chronic pain?

A) GCS scale
B) TENS unit
C) LP
D) SCI

Question 52

Which hemisphere of the brain performs mathematical and logical reasoning and problem-solving?

A) left
B) right
C) both
D) neither.The brainstem is responsible for this brain function.

Question 53

Which is another name for the abbreviation LP?

A) spinal tap
B) local anesthetic
C) epidural
D) cerebrospinal fluid

Question 54

Which nuclear medicine procedure uses a radioactive substance that emits positrons?

A) ultrasound
B) MRI
C) CT scan
D) PET scan

Question 55

When trauma to the head causes a collection of blood to accumulate between the dura matter and the arachnoid,this is called:

A) hydrocephalus.
B) Huntington's chorea.
C) a subdural hematoma.
D) an intraventricular hematoma.

Question 56

In which type of seizure is there impaired consciousness with slight or no muscle activity?

A) grand mal
B) petit mal
C) psychomotor
D) focal motor

Question 57

Which part of the brain acts as a relay station,sending sensory nerve impulses like pain and touch from the body to the cerebrum?

A) hypothalamus
B) thalamus
C) pons
D) brainstem

Question 58

Which lobe coordinates and analyzes information received by other lobes and uses it to predict future events and the benefits or consequences of actions taken?

A) parietal lobe
B) frontal lobe
C) occipital lobe
D) temporal lobe

Question 59

When a physician wants to measure the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid,he/she uses _______________.

A) a manometer
B) a percussion hammer
C) the Glasgow Coma Scale
D) the gait and station tests

Question 60

Which of the following is not part of the central nervous system?

A) cerebrum
B) brain
C) cranial nerves
D) spinal cord

Question 61

A traumatic injury to the skull can cause a:

A) brain tumor.
B) migraine headache.
C) radiculopathy.
D) subdural hematoma.

Question 62

The ____________ is the functional unit of the nervous system.

A) aura
B) reflex
C) neuron
D) meninges

Question 63

All of the following are types of epilepsy except:

A) grand mal.
B) radiculopathy.
C) absense.
D) petit mal.

Question 64

People who use computers extensively are prone to get which of these diseases?

A) herniated nucleus pulposus
B) carpal tunnel syndrome
C) dementia
D) hyperesthesia

Question 65

A certain type of recurring,one-sided headache,which is often accompanied by nausea and/or vomiting and extreme sensitivity to light,is called:

A) narcolepsy.
B) migraine.
C) meningitis.
D) photophobia.

Question 66

Because of close living quarters in a dormitory,lack of sleep,and other factors,this infection can spread rapidly among college students.

A) meningitis
B) epilepsy
C) multiple sclerosis
D) Alzheimer's disease

Question 67

A traumatic injury to the neck and spinal cord can result in:

A) subdural hematoma.
B) quadriplegia.
C) stroke.
D) Alzheimer's disease.

Question 68

All of the following are congenital conditions that are present at birth except:

A) multiple sclerosis.
B) myelomeningocele.
C) cerebral palsy.
D) hydrocephalus.

Question 69

The epidural space:

A) is found in the spinal cord area.
B) lies between the dura mater and the vertebra.
C) is filled with fatty tissue and blood vessels.
D) all of the above

Question 70

Which is true of an EEG?

A) It records the electrical impulse of a reflex.
B) It images the brain with a contrast dye.
C) It determines nerve strength and deep tendon reflexes.
D) It records brain wave patterns.

Question 71

Which is the only cranial nerve that travels outside of the area of the head and neck?

A) vagus
B) vestibulocochlear
C) facial
D) optic

Question 72

Which radiologic procedure uses a magnetic field and radiowaves to make a picture?

A) CT scan
B) MRI
C) x-ray
D) myelography

Question 73

Which of these activities is processed in the temporal lobe of the brain?

A) conscious control of muscle movements
B) vision
C) production of cerebrospinal fluid
D) hearing and smelling

Question 74

Which word is a general category for any type of disease of a nerve?

A) neuropathy
B) neuroma
C) neurofibromatosis
D) neuritis

Question 75

Which of the following is a surgical procedure that is used to treat a herniated disk?

A) craniotomy
B) laminectomy
C) neurorrhaphy
D) ventriculoperitoneal shunt

Question 76

All of the following are functions of the parasympathetic division of the nervous system except:

A) producing peristalsis in the GI tract.
B) stimulating the salivary glands during eating.
C) constricting smooth muscles around arteries to raise blood pressure for exercise.
D) preparing the body for sexual activity.

Question 77

Which abbreviation stands for the fluid that circulates around the brain and spinal cord?

A) ICP
B) CSF
C) HNP
D) CNS

Question 78

Syncope is also known as:

A) fainting.
B) hydrocephalus.
C) coma.
D) epilepsy.

Question 79

Which word means a surgical incision into the cranium to expose the brain tissue?

A) craniotomy
B) rhizotomy
C) laminectomy
D) biopsy

Question 80

Which brain structure resembles a spider web?

A) ventricle
B) arachnoid
C) vertebra
D) cerebellum