Deck 11: The Muscular System

Question 1

The most common lever systems in the body are those that have the applied force between the fulcrum andtheload. These are called ________ levers.

A) first-class
B) second-class
C) third-class
D) fourth-class
E) fifth-class

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The end of a muscle that remains stationary when the muscle contracts is called the

A) origin.
B) aponeurosis.
C) insertion.
D) tendon.
E) lever.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

________ is a muscle whose contraction is chiefly responsible for producing a particular movement.

A) prime mover
B) motor-unit
C) antagonist
D) opposition
E) synergist

Answer 3

A

Question 4

When the fulcrum is located between the load and the force, it is called a ________ lever.

A) first-class
B) second-class
C) third-class
D) fourth-class
E) compound

Question 5

Which of these phrases most aptly describes "muscle insertion"?

A) broad tendon sheet
B) connective tissue that surrounds a single muscle fiber
C) tendon attachment that doesn't move
D) tendon attachment that moves
E) connective tissue that surrounds an entire muscle

Question 6

Alever consists of

A) a tendon and a muscle.
B) a rigid structure.
C) a fulcrum.
D) a bone, a muscle, and a nerve.
E) a rigid structure and a fulcrum.

Question 7

The insertion end of the biceps brachii muscle of the anterior upper arm is

A) at the proximal end of the muscle.
B) at the distal end of the muscle.
C) on the dorsal side of the muscle.
D) on the lateral side of the muscle.
E) the thumb.

Question 8

The fulcrum of a lever system is the

A) joint.
B) muscle.
C) bone.
D) resistance.
E) load.

Question 9

________ muscle fibers pull in different directions, permitting different actions depending on stimulation.

A) Convergent
B) Parallel
C) Straight
D) Pennate
E) Circular

Question 10

In a convergent muscle, fascicles converge on a common attachment site that may be a slender band of collagen fibers known as a(n)

A) retinaculum.
B) raphe.
C) aponeurosis.
D) orbicularis.
E) ligament.

Question 11

In a ________ muscle, the fascicles are concentrically arranged around an opening.

A) convergent
B) parallel
C) straight
D) pennate
E) circular

Question 12

In a ________ muscle, the muscle fibers and fascicles lie in a slanted or oblique position to the tendon.

A) parallel
B) circular
C) pennate
D) convergent
E) divergent

Question 13

Most of the skeletal muscles in the body are ________ muscles.

A) convergent
B) parallel
C) straight
D) pennate
E) circular

Question 14

The end of a muscle that is attached to the point that moves when the muscle contracts is called the

A) origin.
B) aponeurosis.
C) insertion.
D) tendon.
E) lever.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a type of fascicle arrangement?

A) parallel
B) palmate
C) unipennate
D) circular
E) convergent

Question 16

The type of muscle whose functional characteristics most closely resemble those of its muscle fibers is the________ muscle.

A) pennate
B) circular
C) parallel
D) convergent
E) divergent

Question 17

A muscle that assists the muscle that is primarily responsible for a given action is a(n)

A) agonist.
B) antagonist.
C) synergist.
D) originator.
E) levator.

Question 18

Contracting the gastrocnemius muscles to elevate the body on the toes involves a ________ lever.

A) first-class
B) second-class
C) third-class
D) fourth-class
E) fifth-class

Question 19

Muscles that guard entrances and exits of internal passageways are ________ muscles.

A) parallel
B) convergent
C) pennate
D) bipennate
E) circular

Question 20

Muscles that insert on the olecranon process of the ulna can act to

A) flex the forearm.
B) extend the forearm.
C) abduct the forearm.
D) adduct the forearm.
E) extend the carpals.

Question 21

Muscles visible at the body surface are often called

A) internus.
B) extrinsic.
C) profundus.
D) intrinsic.
E) superficialis.

Question 22

Muscles that position or stabilize an organ are called

A) externus.
B) superficialis.
C) intrinsic.
D) extrinsic.
E) oblique.

Question 23

Which of the following is not primarily a muscle of facial expression?

A) buccinator
B) depressor labii
C) risorius
D) masseter
E) mentalis

Question 24

Which muscle is named for either shape or size?

A) pectoralis major
B) latissimus dorsi
C) deltoid
D) vastus lateralis
E) All of the above are named for shape or size.

Question 25

All of the following are innervated by the facial nerve (N VII) except for the ________ muscle.

A) risorius
B) orbicularis oculi
C) levator palpebrae superioris
D) mentalis
E) temporoparietalis

Question 26

Each of the following terms is a descriptive term for a muscle's action except

A) levator.
B) pronator.
C) extensor.
D) sartorius.
E) adductor.

Question 27

Muscles with fibers that run at an angle to the long axis of the body are called

A) lateralis.
B) transversus.
C) rectus.
D) oblique.
E) medialis.

Question 28

The origin of the frontalis muscle is the

A) mandible.
B) frontal bone.
C) occipital bone.
D) epicranial aponeurosis.
E) forehead.

Question 29

Muscles visible at the body surface often called

A) externus.
B) profundus.
C) rectus.
D) transversus.
E) oblique.

Question 30

A muscle whose name ends in the suffix -glossus would be found within or attached to the

A) chin.
B) cheek.
C) jaw.
D) tongue.
E) lips.

Question 31

The names of the muscles can indicate all of the following except

A) the angle of the muscle relative to the long axis of the body.
B) the action of the muscle.
C) the location of the muscle.
D) structural characteristics of the muscle.
E) the collagen content of the muscle.

Question 32

Muscles including the term capitis would be found within or attached to the

A) head.
B) neck.
C) thorax.
D) abdomen.
E) groin.

Question 33

The "kissing muscle" that purses the lips is the

A) zygomaticus.
B) orbicularis oris.
C) buccinator.
D) levator labii.
E) procerus.

Question 34

Muscles with fibers that run perpendicular to the long axis of the body are called

A) lateralis.
B) transversus.
C) rectus.
D) oblique.
E) medialis.

Question 35

The mentalis muscle inserts on the

A) orbicularis oris.
B) skin of the chin.
C) angle of the mouth.
D) hyoid bone.
E) skin around the eyelids.

Question 36

A type of muscle whose action opposes that of another muscle is called a(n)

A) synergist.
B) fixator.
C) agonist.
D) prime mover.
E) antagonist.

Question 37

Muscles located close to the midline of the body may be called

A) rectus.
B) distalis.
C) proximal.
D) medialis.
E) lateralis.

Question 38

Which of the following is not a pennate muscle?

A) rectus femoris
B) extensor digitorum longus
C) deltoid
D) pectoralis
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 39

Muscles with fibers that run parallel to the long axis of the body are called

A) lateralis.
B) transversus.
C) rectus.
D) obliquus.
E) medialis.

Question 40

A muscle that assists another by preventing movement at another joint is called a(n)

A) synergist.
B) fixator.
C) agonist.
D) prime mover.
E) antagonist.

Question 41

Which of the following muscles has its origin on the hyoid and inserts on the tongue?

A) hyoglossus
B) lateral pterygoideus
C) sternohyoid
D) thyrohyoid
E) geniohyoid

Question 42

The sternocleidomastoid inserts on the

A) occipital bone.
B) clavicle.
C) mastoid process of the temporal bone.
D) sternum.
E) mandible.

Question 43

The temporoparietalis muscle acts to

A) move the external ear.
B) purse the lips.
C) depress the lip.
D) draw the corner of the mouth back and up.
E) close the eye.

Question 44

The muscle that originates from the superior surface of the pubis around the symphysis is the

A) internal oblique.
B) external oblique.
C) rectus abdominis.
D) transversus abdominis.
E) scalene.

Question 45

Which of the following is the origin of the bulbospongiosus in the female?

A) ischial spine
B) inferior ischial ramus
C) linea alba and pubis
D) coccyx
E) collagen sheath at the base of the clitoris

Question 46

A muscle that inserts on the body of the mandible is probably involved in

A) kissing.
B) blowing.
C) chewing.
D) frowning.
E) spitting.

Question 47

The levator ani inserts on the

A) iliac crest.
B) coccyx.
C) ischial spine.
D) central tendon of the perineum.
E) sacrum.

Question 48

The scalenes have their origin on the

A) transverse and costal processes of cervical vertebrae.
B) inferior border of the previous rib.
C) superior border of the next rib.
D) cartilages of the ribs.
E) thoracodorsal fascia and iliac crest.

Question 49

Which of the following muscles compresses the abdomen?

A) diaphragm and intercostals
B) external oblique and latissimus dorsi
C) rectus abdominis and pectoralis major
D) transverse abdominis
E) external oblique, rectus abdominis, and transverse abdominis

Question 50

Which of the following muscles has its insertion on the sternum?

A) internal oblique
B) external intercostal
C) rectus abdominis
D) internal intercostal
E) scalene

Question 51

The ________ muscle allows you to look down.

A) inferior rectus
B) medial rectus
C) lateral rectus
D) superior rectus
E) inferior oblique

Question 52

The iliac crest is the origin of the

A) quadratus lumborum.
B) iliocostalis cervicis.
C) longissimus cervicis.
D) semispinalis capitis.
E) splenius.

Question 53

Which eye muscle sends its tendon of origin through a pulley or trochlea before inserting on the globe?

A) superior rectus
B) superior oblique
C) lateral rectus
D) inferior rectus
E) inferior oblique

Question 54

Which of the following is a spinal flexor?

A) quadratus lumborum
B) longus capitis
C) longus colli
D) All of the answers are correct.
E) both the longus capitis and the longus colli

Question 55

Which of the following describes the action of the digastric muscle?

A) elevates the larynx
B) elevates the larynx and depresses the mandible
C) depresses the larynx
D) depresses and retracts the tongue
E) elevates the mandible

Question 56

The anterior muscle of facial expression that inserts widely on the periosteum of the mandible is the

A) temporalis.
B) masseter.
C) lateral pterygoideus.
D) medial pterygoideus.
E) platysma.

Question 57

The eye muscles include which of the following muscles?

A) medial rectus
B) inferior rectus
C) superior oblique
D) inferior oblique
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 58

Which of the following is not an extrinsic eye muscle?

A) inferior rectus
B) rectus abdominis
C) lateral rectus
D) medial rectus
E) superior oblique

Question 59

The temporalis muscle passes through the

A) alveolar processes of the maxillae and mandible.
B) tendinous band around the optic foramen.
C) epicranial aponeurosis.
D) zygomatic arch.
E) fascia surrounding the submandibular salivary gland.

Question 60

The muscle that elevates the tongue is the

A) genioglossus.
B) hyoglossus.
C) palatoglossus.
D) styloglossus.
E) digastric.

Question 61

During abdominal surgery, the surgeon makes a cut lateral to the linea alba. The muscle that would be cut is the

A) digastric.
B) external abdominal oblique.
C) rectus abdominis.
D) scalenus.
E) splenius.

Question 62

Pam's daughter is born cross-eyed. As she grows, the problem does not become any better. Her physician suggests cutting an eye muscle to bring the eyes into a more normal position. Which muscle will he cut?

A) inferior rectus
B) lateral rectus
C) medial rectus
D) superior rectus
E) superior oblique

Question 63

The ________ extends the neck.

A) spinalis thoracis
B) splenius capitis
C) trapezius
D) splenius
E) splenius cervicis

Question 64

In assessing a stroke patient, you ask her to stick out (protract) her tongue. You note that it deviatestoone side. You suspect that damage to the neural control of the ________ muscle has occurred.

A) hyoglossus
B) genioglossus
C) palatoglossus
D) styloglossus
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 65

Figure 11-1 Major Anterior Skeletal Muscles
Use Figure 11-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the muscle labeled "19."

A) external oblique
B) internal oblique
C) rectus abdominis
D) iliacus
E) linea alba

Question 66

Figure 11-1 Major Anterior Skeletal Muscles
Use Figure 11-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the muscle labeled "1."

A) trapezius
B) deltoid
C) sternocleidomastoid
D) temporalis
E) pectoralis major

Question 67

Each of the following muscles is involved in the process of chewing or manipulating food in the mouth except the

A) masseter.
B) temporalis.
C) pterygoid.
D) omohyoid.
E) genioglossus.

Question 68

Which of these is true about the muscle named levator palpebrae superioris?

A) lifts the scapula
B) elevates the eyebrow
C) raises the upper eyelid
D) originates at the back of the orbit
E) originates at the back of the orbit and raises the upper eyelid

Question 69

Tom, a trumpet player, asks you which muscles he should develop in order to be a better trumpeter. Whatwould you tell him?

A) the masseter and buccinator
B) the buccinator and orbicularis oris
C) the orbicularis oris and risorius
D) the risorius and zygomaticus
E) the levator labii and mentalis

Question 70

The muscle that raises the corners of the mouth as when smiling is the ________ muscle.

A) orbicularis oculi
B) zygomaticus major
C) orbicularis oris
D) masseter
E) buccinator

Question 71

Which of the following describes the action of the serratus anterior?

A) adducts the arm
B) adducts and flexes the humerus
C) protracts the shoulder, abducts and medially rotates the scapula
D) medial rotation of the humerus
E) lateral rotation of the humerus

Question 72

Which of the following muscles functions to expel urine or semen in males?

A) bulbospongiosus
B) superficial transverse perineus
C) coccygeus
D) levator ani
E) anconeus

Question 73

Figure 11-1 Major Anterior Skeletal Muscles
Use Figure 11-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the muscle labeled "15."

A) sternocleidomastoid
B) platysma
C) sartorius
D) stylohyoid
E) risorius

Question 74

The spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae are the origin of the

A) levator scapulae.
B) rhomboid major.
C) trapezius.
D) supraspinatus.
E) rhomboid major and the trapezius.

Question 75

Which of the following is the insertion of the pectoralis major?

A) the vertebral border near the spine
B) the greater tubercle of the humerus
C) the mastoid region of the skull
D) the occipital bone of the skull
E) the clavicle and scapula

Question 76

Damage to the pectoralis major would interfere with a person's ability to

A) extend the forearm.
B) abduct the humerus.
C) flexion of the humerus.
D) elevate the scapula.
E) rotate the elbow.

Question 77

Ryan hears a loud noise and quickly turns his eyes sideways in the direction of the sound. To accomplishthis action he must use his ________ muscles.

A) superior rectus
B) lateral rectus
C) inferior rectus
D) medial rectus
E) lateral and medial rectus

Question 78

The ________ allows you to look up.

A) inferior rectus
B) medial rectus
C) lateral rectus
D) superior rectus
E) inferior oblique

Question 79

The ________ muscle is the strongest jaw muscle.

A) lateral pterygoid
B) digastric
C) pterygoid
D) medial pterygoid
E) masseter

Question 80

Medial rotation of the eyeball is performed by the ________ muscle.

A) inferior rectus
B) lateral rectus
C) medial rectus
D) superior rectus
E) inferior oblique