Deck 5: Cardiology - Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Which is a very serious type of heart block in which no impulses are conducted to the ventricles?

A) left bundle branch block
B) sick sinus syndrome
C) trigemy
D) third-degree heart block

Answer 1

third-degree heart block

Question 2

Which blood test does not help to make the diagnosis of a myocardial infarction?

A) CPK-MB
B) LDH
C) LDL
D) troponin

Answer 2

LDL

Question 3

Which condition requires the insertion of a permanent cardiac pacemaker?

A) murmur
B) atrial septal defect
C) sick sinus syndrome
D) cor pulmonale

Answer 3

sick sinus syndrome

Question 4

When a coronary artery is partially blocked with atherosclerosis and there is myocardial ischemia,this will cause:

A) an elevated blood pressure.
B) chest pain.
C) a slow heart rate.
D) shortness of breath.

Question 5

Acute coronary syndrome includes all of the following conditions except:

A) unstable angina.
B) acute endocarditis.
C) acute myocardial ischemia.
D) acute myocardial infarction.

Question 6

Which is a chronic condition in which an enlarged heart cannot pump sufficient amounts of oxygenated blood to the body?

A) arteriosclerotic heart disease
B) orthostatic hypotension
C) angina pectoris
D) congestive heart failure

Question 7

The valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle is the:

A) tricuspid valve.
B) pulmonary valve.
C) mitral valve.
D) bicuspid valve.

Question 8

The medical procedure sclerotherapy is performed to treat:

A) varicose veins.
B) coronary atherosclerosis.
C) peripheral artery disease.
D) thrombophlebitis.

Question 9

Which is a complication of rheumatic heart disease?

A) cardiac arrest
B) valve vegetations and stenosis
C) tachycardia
D) transposition of the great vessels

Question 10

Which is a sign of peripheral artery disease?

A) low blood pressure
B) arrhythmia
C) phlebitis
D) intermittent claudication

Question 11

In a physical assessment,the heart rate is determined by palpating the pulse in the ____________ artery in the wrist.

A) axillary
B) brachial
C) radial
D) ulnar

Question 12

Tests reveal that Mrs.Roger's mitral valve does not close properly,allowing a backflow of blood through it.The medical word to describe this valve problem is:

A) depolarization.
B) decompensation.
C) regurgitation.
D) bruit.

Question 13

A patient with left-sided heart failure would most likely be treated with two types of drugs: a diuretic drug to remove edema from the tissues and a/an ____________ drug to strengthen heart contractions.

A) antibiotic
B) aspirin
C) digitalis
D) thrombolytic

Question 14

Which measurement is a reading from a sphygmomanometer?

A) 120/80 mm Hg
B) 200 mg/dl
C) 80 BPM
D) S1 and S2 normal

Question 15

Pericarditis,an accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac,can lead to cardiac ____________,a condition in which the fluid presses on the heart and stops it from beating.

A) bigeminy
B) bruit
C) diastole
D) tamponade

Question 16

The patient had an aneurysmectomy with insertion of a graft to treat the condition described as a/an:

A) artery occluded with plaque.
B) area of weakness in the wall of an artery.
C) diseased heart valve.
D) varicose vein.

Question 17

Which section of the electrical conduction system of the heart is located just after the AV node?

A) Purkinje fibers.
B) sinoatrial node.
C) bundle of His.
D) bundle branches.

Question 18

Defibrillation would be done for which condition?

A) sick sinus syndrome
B) first-degree heart block
C) mitral valve prolapse
D) ventricular fibrillation

Question 19

In the pathway of the flow of blood through the heart,oxygenated blood returns from the lungs and enters the:

A) right atrium.
B) right ventricle.
C) left atrium.
D) left ventricle.

Question 20

Which surgical procedure is done to provide the myocardium with a new source of blood supply when a coronary artery is occluded?

A) cardiopulmonary bypass
B) cardioversion
C) coronary artery bypass graft
D) electrocardiography

Question 21

Which of the following is not a congenital abnormality in the developing fetal heart?

A) foramen ovale
B) atrial septal defect (ASD)
C) ventricular septal defect (VSD)
D) tetralogy of Fallot

Question 22

Where is the peroneal artery located?

A) upper leg
B) behind the knee
C) front aspect of the lower arm
D) lateral aspect of the lower leg

Question 23

The abbreviation MI stands for:

A) myocardial infarction.
B) myocardial ischemia.
C) myocardial inflammation.
D) myocardial injury.

Question 24

A patient is in the emergency department with an occluded coronary artery due to a thrombus.Which type of drug can break apart this blood clot and restore circulation in the artery?

A) a drug for hyperlipidemia
B) aspirin
C) a thrombolytic drug
D) digoxin (Lanoxin)

Question 25

Which word means elevated blood pressure?

A) hypercholesterolemia
B) hypolipidemia
C) hypertension
D) hypotension

Question 26

Which is a sudden,severe vasoconstriction and spasm of the arterioles in the fingers and toes,often triggered by cold or emotional upset?

A) Raynaud's phenomenon
B) phlebitis
C) hypotension
D) peripheral artery disease

Question 27

Mrs.Jean Bentley came to the doctor with jugular venous distention and peripheral edema in her legs.Her diagnosis most likely is:

A) hypotension.
B) arrhythmia.
C) second-degree heart block.
D) right-sided heart failure.

Question 28

Which is a neurotransmitter for the sympathetic division of the nervous system that increases the heart rate to prepare the body for the "fight or flight" response?

A) potassium
B) calcium
C) epinephrine
D) acetylcholine

Question 29

The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and the:

A) lungs.
B) brain.
C) blood vessels.
D) skin.

Question 30

The largest artery in the body is the:

A) coronary artery.
B) aorta.
C) carotid artery.
D) pulmonary artery.

Question 31

Which type of blood vessel carries blood back to the heart?

A) artery
B) arteriole
C) vein
D) capillary

Question 32

How many chambers are inside the heart?

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Question 33

Telemetry alerts ICU healthcare professionals when what event happens?

A) a prolapsed heart valve
B) a hypertensive crisis
C) a deep venous thrombosis
D) a cardiac arrest

Question 34

The abbreviation SA stands for:

A) systolic node.
B) sinoatrial node.
C) sinus node.
D) systemic node.

Question 35

The mitral valve is located between the:

A) left atrium and the left ventricle.
B) left ventricle and the aorta.
C) right atrium and the right ventricle.
D) right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.

Question 36

Which layer of the heart is known as the muscular layer?

A) myocardium
B) epicardium
C) pericardium
D) endocardium

Question 37

Which test could provide information to determine the extent of coronary artery narrowing?

A) cardiac catheterization
B) lipid profile
C) electrocardiogram
D) electrophysiologic study

Question 38

Any disease condition of the heart muscle that includes heart enlargement and heart failure is called:

A) angina pectoris.
B) myocardial infarction.
C) arrhythmia.
D) cardiomyopathy.

Question 39

Inflammation and bacterial infection of the inner lining of the heart and valves is called:

A) pericarditis.
B) endocarditis.
C) necrosis.
D) peripheral edema.

Question 40

Tetralogy of Fallot has a set of four heart defects,including:

A) a narrowed pulmonary valve.
B) vegetations.
C) heart block.
D) edema.

Question 41

Which structure secretes a slippery,watery fluid that allows the two membranes of the sac around the heart to slide smoothly past one another?

A) pericardium
B) mediastinum
C) endocardium
D) myocardium

Question 42

Bicuspid means :

A) pertaining to 3 heads.
B) pertaining to 2 valves.
C) resembling 2 projections.
D) resembling 2 valves.

Question 43

What are the normal,ropelike structures at the bases of the tricuspid and mitral valves?

A) vegetations
B) chordae tendineae
C) ventricles
D) Purkinje fibers

Question 44

Which is a temporary small blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta in the fetal heart?

A) foramen ovale
B) mediastinum
C) ductus arteriosus
D) popliteal artery

Question 45

Which serous membrane is next to the surface of the heart?

A) parietal pericardium
B) visceral pericardium
C) endocardium
D) chordae tendineae

Question 46

The combing form tele/o- means :

A) distance.
B) destroy.
C) separate.
D) close by.

Question 47

A period of unresponsiveness during a normal heartbeat is called:

A) the refractory period.
B) repolarization.
C) asystole.
D) heart block.

Question 48

Which word means located within the ventricle?

A) cardiac
B) interventricular
C) intraventricular
D) interatrial

Question 49

Which type of ultasonography produces images of the flow of blood in the arteries?

A) Doppler
B) echocardiography
C) thallium stress test
D) radionuclide ventriculography

Question 50

Which nuclear medicine procedure is also known as a radionuclide ventriculography (RNV) or gated blood pool scan?

A) echocardiography
B) electrocardiography
C) cardioversion
D) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scan

Question 51

Cardiomyopathy is a/an ____________.

A) condition of the heart valve
B) disease of the heart muscle
C) enlargement of the heart
D) inflammation of the heart

Question 52

The combining form transplant/o- means :

A) to establish an opening.
B) pertaining to.
C) internal, within.
D) to move something to another place.

Question 53

The first arteries that branch off of the aorta and bring oxygenated blood to the heart muscle are the ___________ arteries.

A) carotid
B) pulmonary
C) subclavian
D) coronary

Question 54

Which is the area of specialized nervous tissue in the heart that is known as the pacemaker of the heart?

A) Purkinje fibers
B) sinoatrial node
C) atrioventricular node
D) bundle of His

Question 55

Which is not a vital sign?

A) temperature
B) apex
C) respirations
D) pulse

Question 56

The smallest blood vessel in the body is the:

A) Purkinje fiber.
B) venule.
C) arteriole.
D) capillary.

Question 57

The abbreviation CRP stands for:

A) circulation reactive protein.
B) C-reactive protein.
C) cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
D) none of the above

Question 58

What structure divides the heart into right and left sides?

A) mitral valve
B) chordae tendineae
C) septum
D) mediastinum

Question 59

Mild-to-severe chest pain caused by ischemia of the myocardium is called:

A) cardiomegaly.
B) a myocardial infarction.
C) a bruit
D) angina pectoris.

Question 60

A MUGA scan is also known as a:

A) gated blood pool scan.
B) radionuclide ventriculography.
C) multiple-gated acquisition scan.
D) all of the above.

Question 61

The purpose of the coronary arteries is to bring oxygenated blood to the:

A) aorta.
B) myocardium.
C) lungs.
D) mediastinum.

Question 62

All of the following structures are part of the electrical system of the heart except:

A) SA node.
B) bundle of His.
C) HDL.
D) AV node.

Question 63

The P wave and QRS complex are related to:

A) the circulation of the blood.
B) the diastolic pressure.
C) an electrocardiogram.
D) an aneurysm.

Question 64

Inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart is known as:

A) valvulitis.
B) pericarditis.
C) mitral stenosis.
D) phlebitis.

Question 65

All of the following arteries carry oxygenated blood to some part of the arm except the ____________ artery.

A) peroneal
B) axillary
C) radial
D) brachial

Question 66

Congestive heart failure involving the right side of the heart would be evident in the body as:

A) hypertension.
B) tachycardia.
C) varicose veins.
D) edematous feet.

Question 67

Which artery brings oxygenated blood to the brain,head,and face?

A) jugular
B) coronary
C) carotid
D) pulmonary

Question 68

Which artery is at the back of the knee?

A) iliac
B) renal
C) brachial
D) popliteal

Question 69

Which word reflects the relationship between the heart and the chest cavity?

A) thoracic
B) cardiothoracic
C) cardiac
D) mediastinal

Question 70

The femoral artery brings oxygenated blood to the:

A) arm.
B) head.
C) trunk of the body.
D) leg.

Question 71

Which medical word means pertaining to within the ventricle?

A) interventricular
B) intraventricular
C) atrioventricular
D) none of the above

Question 72

Where is the PMI located,the site where auscultation of the heart is done?

A) apex
B) myocardium
C) sinoatrial node
D) great vessels

Question 73

An aneurysm is:

A) an embolus.
B) a weak spot in the artery wall.
C) an abnormally slow heart rate.
D) the medical name for "bad cholesterol."

Question 74

Vasoconstriction causes the blood pressure to:

A) increase.
B) decrease.
C) remain the same.
D) fluctuate.

Question 75

The procedure to remove plaque from an occluded carotid artery is known as a/an:

A) endarterectomy
B) bypass graft.
C) aneurysmectomy.
D) transplantation.

Question 76

Systemic circulation refers to the flow of blood to the:

A) body.
B) heart.
C) lungs.
D) all of the above

Question 77

The abdominal aorta divides inferiorly into the two:

A) carotid arteries.
B) peroneal arteries.
C) brachial arteries.
D) iliac arteries.

Question 78

Which word means the central opening in a blood vessel through which blood flows?

A) vasculature
B) lumen
C) intima
D) Purkinje fiber

Question 79

The cause of essential hypertension is:

A) unknown.
B) mitral stenosis.
C) congestive heart failure.
D) palpitation.

Question 80

Angina pectoris is to myocardial infarction as:

A) plaque is to an EKG.
B) bradycardia is to cholesterol.
C) varicose veins are to CABG.
D) ischemia is to cell death.