Deck 3: Communication and Personal Identity

Question 1

Our identities (and self-concept)are influenced by all of the following EXCEPT

A)particular others.
B)generalized others.
C)family.
D)friends.
E)vultures. 

Answer 1

E

Question 2

After failing the exam,Jim told himself that he would never learn calculus.Jim's statement is an example of

A)self-fulfilling prophecy.
B)a negative attachment style.
C)self-sabotage.
D)an ego boundary
E)being a self-vulture.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

When we engage in social comparisons,what might we be doing?

A)measuring ourselves in relation to another by deciding we like someone or are different from them
B)telling ourselves that we are good
C)measuring how long it takes us to invite that individual to converse
D)forming an identity script for what a friend is
E)forming a direct definition for the people we come into contact with

Answer 3

A

Question 4

"You are an excellent athlete," Kevin tells her daughter.Kevin's statement is an example of

A)indirect definition.
B)direct definition.
C)identity script.
D)self-fulfilling prophecy.
E)downer.

Question 5

Family members use direct definitions

A)relay gender stereotypes and expectations.
B)respond to children's behaviors. 
C)relay positive labels which enhance self-esteem.
D) 
E)all of the above

Question 6

All of the following are values of self-disclosing EXCEPT:

A)Sharing enhances closeness between people.
B)Sharing may lead to others responding more sensitively.
C)Self-disclosing invites others to self-disclose.
D)Self-disclosure can affect what we know about ourselves and how we feel.
E)Self-disclosure leads to positive ego boundaries. 

Question 7

The first step to accepting "yourself as being in progress" is

A)accepting who you are as a starting point.
B)realizing that the self is influenced by how others see us
C)considering the setting,or context.
D)avoid self-sabotage
E)considering yourself in the context of society.

Question 8

The self has multiple dimensions.

Question 9

Which of the following refers to the attachment style where a caregiver is disinterested in,rejecting or abusive and may lead to a child to the dismiss others as unworthy.

A)fearful attachment style
B)dismissive attachment style
C)secure attachment style
D)anxious attachment style
E)anxious/ambivalent attachment style

Question 10

Edmund is very attentive and supportive to his son Mylan when he is sober,but when Edmund drinks he often ignores his son and sometimes verbally abuses him.Mylan never knows which way his father will act.If Edmund is Mylan's primary care giver,Mylan is likely to develop which attachment style?

A)fearful
B)secure
C)anxious ambivalent
D)dismissive
E)defensive

Question 11

The beginning of the self concept,or the recognition that individuals are separate entities,is also known as

A)direct definition.
B)ego boundary.
C)social comparison.
D)self fulfilling prophecy.
E)reflected appraisal.

Question 12

Marjorie plays soccer.She is a first year student on her high school team,and after the first practice,she feels pretty awful about herself because the seniors are much better players than she is.She tells her friend,"I look like a five-year-old compared to them! How will I ever get that good? I'm embarrassed to even practice." By judging her ability based on the skills of her teammates,Marjorie is engaging in ____.

A)direct definition
B)ego boundaries
C)social comparison
D)self fulfilling prophecy
E)reflected appraisal

Question 13

Reflected appraisal is the process of seeing ourselves through the others' eyes.

Question 14

Which of the following is/are guidelines for encouraging personal growth as a communicator?

A)Make a strong commitment to help improve others.
B)Gain knowledge as a basis for personal change.
C)Set goals that are based on our ideals.
D)Seek out the perspective others have of you.
E)All of these choices are guidelines for encouraging personal growth as a communicator.

Question 15

The generalized other is comprised of

A)the views of our family of origin.
B)the views of society as a whole.
C)the views of our peers in school.
D)the views of person with whom we have an I-It relationship.
E)the views of the looking glass self.

Question 16

Karen tried to learn to swim at a young age but could not.She carried this belief into adulthood and labeled herself a non-swimmer.This is an example of

A)a negative attachment style.
B)a self-fulfilling prophecy.
C)a generalized other.
D)an ego boundary.
E)self-sabotage.

Question 17

Social perspectives on the self are not constructed but do change over time.

Question 18

Secure attachment styles tend to develop in children whose care givers

A)are consistently loving and attentive.
B)are more often loving than rejecting.
C)alternately loving and rejecting.
D)are socially conservative.
E)are often more important than significant others.

Question 19

Rules for how we are supposed to live and who we are supposed to be are known as

A)direct definitions.
B)identity scripts.
C)self-fulfilling prophecies.
D)social comparisons.
E)attachment styles.

Question 20

Since Sam was a baby,her parents have always told her,"Treat others how you want to be treated."  This is an example of a(an) 

A)identify script 
B)attachment style
C)direct definition
D)upper
E)ego boundary. 

Question 21

____________________ are definitions of who a person is and how one should live.

Question 22

We learn our attachment styles in our relationships with our first caregivers.

Question 23

____________________ are patterns of parenting that teach us who we and others are and how to relate to others.

Question 24

Ego boundaries,which helps define where the self stops and the rest of the world begins,is the beginning of the self-concept.

Question 25

A  ____________________ is when we act in ways that bring about expectations or judgments of ourselves.

Question 26

Social comparisons are the most significant source of self concept.

Question 27

As soon as we are born,we begin interacting with others and developing our sense of self.

Question 28

Gender is the most important influence on our sense of self.

Question 29

We internalize the generalized other's perspective.

Question 30

____________________ define where a person stops and the rest of the world begins.

Question 31

The attachment style an infant develops can change over the course of life.

Question 32

The most basic insight into the self isn't something we are born with but rather it develops as we communicate with others and participate in the social world.

Question 33

____________________ is communication that explicitly tells us who we are by labeling us and our behaviors.

Question 34

Upward comparison is the tendency to compare ourselves to people who exceed us in what they have or can do.

Question 35

Culture influences the self-concept in limited ways.

Question 36

The media is not a primary agent in teaching social perspectives.

Question 37

The ____________________ is a process that involves internalizing and acting from social perspectives that we learn in the process of communication.

Question 38

Those who belong in the particular other group are people most significant to us.

Question 39

Self-sabotage is poisonous.

Question 40

Gender is not communicated through social practices and institutions.

Question 41

 ____________________ is the revelation of information about ourselves that others are unlikely to discover on their own.

Question 42

People in our lives such as mothers,fathers,siblings,whose perspectives we value are known as ____________________.

Question 43

Describe one change you would like to make to yourself as a communicator.Explain how you can create a supportive context that supports the change you wish to make.

Question 44

When we judge our talents,attractiveness,abilities and leadership skills against those of our peers we are engaging in ____________________.

Question 45

The "looking-glass self" is also known as ____________________.

Question 46

The most common and most positive attachment style is called ____________________.

Question 47

Direct definitions,identity scripts,and attachment styles all help form our sense of self.Choose one of these,define it,and then provide two specific examples of how it has shaped your self concept.

Question 48

Most psychologists believe that the basic ____________________ for our lives are formed very early,probably by age 5.

Question 49

What advise would you give to a classmate who is engaging in self-sabotage? Be specific.