Deck 1: Social, Philosophical, and Other Historical Forces Influencing the Development of Nursing

Question 1

Which of the following is an example of social need as an ethical foundation for nursing?  

A)Nurses must determine the health and social needs of society. 
B)Nursing finds its origin, purpose, and meaning within the context of perceived social need. 
C)Theories of social need in sociology are utilized by nursing scholars, many of whom view them as conceptual frameworks for nursing practice. 
D)Social need determines the boundaries of the ethical principles of distributive justice, beneficence, and non-maleficence.

Answer 1

Nursing finds its origin, purpose, and meaning within the context of perceived social need. 

Question 2

What is the term that relates to knowledge gained through observation and experience?  

A)empirical  
B)Cartesian philosophy  
C)values  
D)moral thought

Answer 2

empirical  

Question 3

What historical influences affected nursing as a moral discipline?  

A)technology  
B)society  
C)spirituality  
D)oppression

Answer 3

spirituality  

Question 4

Why does the social status of women affect the status of the nursing profession?  

A)Nursing has traditionally been a profession of women. 
B)Throughout history, nurses have been afforded higher social status. 
C)Women of higher social status rarely become nurses. 
D)Women are more skilled than men at nurturing others.

Question 5

When was the "Dark Period of Nursing," when convalescent patients, prostitutes, prisoners, and drunkards provided hospital nursing care?  

A)during the Reformation  
B)during the Crusades  
C)during the Middle Ages  
D)during the early Christian era

Question 6

Which of the following had the greatest influence on establishing the first hospital in the New World?  

A)Marie Rollet Hebert  
B)Marguerite d'Youville  
C)Jeanne Mance  
D)Renee Descartes

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of the significance of Nursing during the Middle Ages ?  

A)Religious nursing orders and church-sanctioned secular nursing orders offered the only legitimate avenues for women wishing to become nurses. 
B)Increasing respect was given to nursing and midwifery, as nurses began to practise autonomously. 
C)Healing arts in Denmark and Greece were performed in sacred ceremonies by priests, priestesses, or shamans. 
D)Most nurses were women of high social status seeking ways to legitimize their position and status.

Question 8

What does the term empirical relate to?  

A)serving God and thy neighbour the best way one can  
B)knowledge gained through observation and experience  
C)healing through religious intervention, chanting, and praying  
D)the enforcement of religious doctrine related to the status of women in society

Question 9

For which of the following is empathy a motive?  

A)meeting the needs of others  
B)moral reasoning and action  
C)becoming a nurse  
D)determining right from wrong

Question 10

Which of the following had the greatest influence on nursing traditions in Canada?  

A)Britain  
B)indigenous persons  
C)France  
D)Germany

Question 11

Which of the following statements best describes Florence Nightingale?  

A)She believed in traditional expectations for women. 
B)She was a nurse and increased soldiers' mortality rates. 
C)She believed in nurses restricting their careers. 
D)She was a social reformer and statistician.

Question 12

How is Mary Agnes Snively significant to the development of Canadian nursing?  

A)She established the mission of Grey Nuns to new settlers. 
B)She established the International Council of Nursing. 
C)She established the first national organization for nursing. 
D)She established certification for nurses to become experts.

Question 13

Which of the following concepts can be attributed to Florence Nightingale?  

A)that caring for the body would bring healing to the mind and spirit  
B)that separating clean and dirty conditions was important for patient healing  
C)that nurses must embrace the traditional nurturing expectations of women  
D)that it was  necessary to  separate  caring from curing in nursing practice

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of the CNA's vision for the future of nursing?  

A)Nurses must play varied roles in order to provide holistic care to a diverse and changing population. 
B)Nursing professional organizations in both Canada and the United States need to join together. 
C)An increasing appreciation for the role of public health nursing leads to  improving the status of nursing. 
D)There will be further development of the relationship between social need and the evolution of the practice of nursing.

Question 15

What is the most critical factor that influences nursing practice?  

A)the traditional role of healers  
B)the role of women in society  
C)the religious and spiritual aspects of health care  
D)the introduction of male nurses into the profession

Question 16

After the First and Second World Wars, the Canadian Red Cross Society and nursing groups noted an important trend in health care that is still articulated in the Lalonde and Romanow report. What is that trend?  

A)the formation of nursing groups such as the CNA and professional organizations  
B)the political and economic action taken to correct the wrongs suffered by the military  
C)the establishment of governments' social and political responsibility in health care  
D)the need for strong, well-established public health programs, health education,  and care of those living in poverty