Deck 2: Homeostasis

Question 1

Which of the following is not one of the basic components in a feedback control loop?

A)Effector mechanism
B)Transmitter
C)Sensor
D)Integrating center

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is a protein substance with no DNA or RNA and is thought to be the cause of mad cow disease?

A)Virus
B)Bacteria
C)Prion
D)Protozoan

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Intrinsic control:

A)usually involves the endocrine or nervous system.
B)operates at the cellular level.
C)is sometimes called autoregulation.
D)operates at the system or organism level.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The term that literally means self-immunity is:

A)autoimmunity.
B)homoimmunity.
C)passive immunity.
D)active immunity.

Question 5

Pathogenesis can be defined as:

A)a specific disease.
B)a group of diseases.
C)the course of disease development.
D)a subgroup of viruses.

Question 6

Which of the following may put one at risk for developing a given disease?

A)Environment
B)Stress
C)Lifestyle
D)All of the above

Question 7

Homeostasis can best be described as:

A)a constant state maintained by living and nonliving organisms.
B)a state of relative constancy.
C)adaptation to the external environment.
D)changes in body temperature.

Question 8

Match each term with its corresponding definition or explanation
a.Prion
b.Tumor
c.Fungi
d.Gene mutation
e.Bacteria
f.Virus
g.Protozoa
An intracellular parasite that consists of an RNA or DNA core surrounded by a protein coat

Question 9

Shivering to try to raise your body temperature back to normal would be an example of:

A)the body trying to maintain homeostasis.
B)a positive-feedback mechanism.
C)a negative-feedback mechanism.
D)both A and C.

Question 10

If the secretion of oxytocin during childbirth operated as a negative-feedback control loop, what effect would it have on uterine contractions?

A)Oxytocin would stimulate stronger uterine contractions.
B)Oxytocin would inhibit uterine contractions.
C)There would be no changes in the strength of the uterine contractions.
D)Uterine contractions would initially be weak and then gain strength after the release of the hormone.

Question 11

Positive-feedback control systems:

A)have no effect on the deviation from set point.
B)accelerate a change.
C)ignore a change.
D)do not exist in human systems.

Question 12

Negative-feedback mechanisms:

A)minimize changes in blood glucose levels.
B)maintain homeostasis.
C)are responsible for an increased rate of sweating when air temperature is higher than body temperature.
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 13

Negative-feedback control systems:

A)oppose a change.
B)accelerate a change.
C)have no effect on the deviation from set point.
D)establish a new set point.

Question 14

The normal reading or range of normal is called the:

A)sensor point.
B)set point.
C)effector point.
D)integrator point.

Question 15

Of the pathogenic organisms, which of the following are the most complex?

A)Viruses
B)Tapeworms
C)Bacteria
D)Protozoa

Question 16

Of the 11 major body systems, which is the least involved in maintaining homeostasis?

A)Circulatory
B)Endocrine
C)Lymphatic
D)Reproductive

Question 17

Epidemiology is the study of the _____ of diseases in human populations.

A)occurrence
B)distribution
C)transmission
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 18

Intracellular parasites that consist of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat and sometimes by a lipoprotein envelope are called:

A)viruses.
B)bacteria.
C)fungi.
D)protozoa.

Question 19

The body's thermostat is located in the:

A)heart.
B)cerebellum.
C)pituitary.
D)hypothalamus.

Question 20

The contraction of the uterus during the birth of a baby is an example of _____ feedback.

A)negative
B)positive
C)inhibitory
D)deviating

Question 21

Match each term with its corresponding definition or explanation
a.Prion
b.Tumor
c.Fungi
d.Gene mutation
e.Bacteria
f.Virus
g.Protozoa
A tiny, primitive cell that lacks a nucleus and can cause infection

Question 22

Match each term with its corresponding definition or explanation
a.Prion
b.Tumor
c.Fungi
d.Gene mutation
e.Bacteria
f.Virus
g.Protozoa
Altered DNA that causes abnormal proteins to be made that do not perform their intended function

Question 23

Match each term with its corresponding definition or explanation
a.Prion
b.Tumor
c.Fungi
d.Gene mutation
e.Bacteria
f.Virus
g.Protozoa
Simple organisms that are similar to plants but lack chlorophyll, which allows plants to make their own food; because these organisms cannot make their own food, they parasitize human tissue

Question 24

Give an example of a system, either living or nonliving, that is designed to maintain a relatively constant condition by using a negative-feedback mechanism. Explain briefly how the system works to accomplish this.

Question 25

How does childbirth demonstrate positive feedback?

Question 26

Match each term with its corresponding definition or explanation
a.Prion
b.Tumor
c.Fungi
d.Gene mutation
e.Bacteria
f.Virus
g.Protozoa
A one-celled organism whose DNA is organized into a nucleus that can parasitize human tissue

Question 27

Explain how your set point can change under varying circumstances.

Question 28

Match each term with its corresponding definition or explanation
a.Prion
b.Tumor
c.Fungi
d.Gene mutation
e.Bacteria
f.Virus
g.Protozoa
An abnormal growth or neoplasm

Question 29

Explain the feed-forward control system, and give an example of one in the body.

Question 30

Match each term with its corresponding definition or explanation
a.Prion
b.Tumor
c.Fungi
d.Gene mutation
e.Bacteria
f.Virus
g.Protozoa
A type of protein that converts normal protein in the nervous system into abnormal proteins that cause loss of function

Question 31

Diagram a homeostatic control mechanism, including the three basic components.

Question 32

Give an example of how categories of risk factors or predisposing conditions could overlap.