Deck 21: Peripheral Nervous System

Question 1

Which plexus contains nerves that innervate the lower part of the shoulder and the entire arm?

A)Brachial
B)Cervical
C)Lumbar
D)Sacral

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Nerve impulses over the _____ nerve cause increased peristalsis and decreased heart rate.

A)olfactory
B)trigeminal
C)vagus
D)hypoglossal

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The cervical plexus:

A)is found deep in the neck.
B)is formed by the ventral rami of the first four cervical nerves and part of C5.
C)includes the phrenic nerve.
D)All of the above are correct.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which is(are) the neurotransmitter(s) in a somatic motor pathway?

A)Acetylcholine
B)Amines
C)Amino acids
D)Neuropeptides

Question 5

The spinal nerves are connected to the spinal cord and consist of _____ pairs.

A)12
B)21
C)31
D)41

Question 6

Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for movements of the tongue?

A)Olfactory
B)Trigeminal
C)Trochlear
D)Hypoglossal

Question 7

Damage to the _____ nerve could make the diaphragm unable to function.

A)phrenic
B)axillary
C)radial
D)medial cutaneous

Question 8

Which of the following is not a plexus of the spinal nerves?

A)Cervical
B)Brachial
C)Lumbar
D)Thoracic

Question 9

Spinal nerves are _____ fibers.

A)only sensory
B)only motor
C)completely autonomic
D)motor and sensory

Question 10

All of the following cranial nerves have a functional classification of motor except:

A)oculomotor.
B)trochlear.
C)vestibulocochlear.
D)accessory.

Question 11

A mixed nerve is one that:

A)goes both to the skin surface and to the viscera.
B)has its pathway mixed with other nerves.
C)carries both sensory and motor fibers.
D)carries large and small motor fibers.

Question 12

The cranial nerve that arises from the spinal cord is the:

A)abducens.
B)accessory.
C)glossopharyngeal.
D)vagus.

Question 13

The sensory cranial nerves include only the:

A)optic, vestibulocochlear, and vagus.
B)olfactory, optic, and facial.
C)olfactory, optic, and vestibulocochlear.
D)optic, facial, and vestibulocochlear.

Question 14

Nerves that innervate the floor of the pelvic cavity and some of the surrounding areas are found in the _____ plexus.

A)sacral
B)cervical
C)coccygeal
D)lumbar

Question 15

The nerve commonly called the vagus nerve is the _____ cranial.

A)ninth
B)tenth
C)eleventh
D)twelfth

Question 16

The knee jerk can be classified as a segmental reflex because:

A)the center of the reflex arc lies in the spinal cord gray matter.
B)impulses that mediate it enter and leave the same segment of the cord.
C)the impulses that mediate it come from and go to the same side of the body.
D)of the kind of stimulation used to evoke it.

Question 17

The phrenic nerve is found in the _____ plexus.

A)cervical
B)brachial
C)lumbar
D)sacral

Question 18

All of the following cranial nerves are involved in proprioception except the:

A)vagus.
B)hypoglossal.
C)accessory.
D)abducens.

Question 19

Which of the following is not true of the knee jerk reflex?

A)It is a flexor reflex.
B)It is an ipsilateral reflex.
C)It is a spinal cord reflex.
D)It does not have to involve the brain.

Question 20

Tic douloureux is a painful neuralgia of the _____ nerve.

A)trigeminal
B)vagus
C)abducens
D)olfactory

Question 21

Which is not true of the ventral nerve root?

A)It is also called the anterior root.
B)It contains the spinal ganglion.
C)It includes motor neurons.
D)All of the above are true.

Question 22

Which is the only plexus that contains fibers from the thoracic region of the spinal cord?

A)Cervical
B)Brachial
C)Lumbar
D)Sacral

Question 23

Which part of the vertebral column has one more pair of nerves coming from it than it has vertebrae?

A)Cervical
B)Thoracic
C)Lumbar
D)Both B and C

Question 24

The peripheral nervous system includes:

A)only spinal nerves.
B)only spinal nerves and their branches.
C)only cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and their branches.
D)cranial nerves, the spinal cord, spinal nerves, and their branches.

Question 25

The cauda equina:

A)is part of the cervical plexus.
B)refers to the nerves below the ending of the spinal cord.
C)is part of the brachial plexus.
D)is the term used to describe the groups of cranial nerves leaving the skull.

Question 26

The spinal ganglion can be found on the _____ of the spinal nerve.

A)dorsal nerve root
B)dorsal ramus
C)ventral nerve root
D)ventral ramus

Question 27

The peripheral nervous system includes _____ nerves.

A)autonomic
B)sensory
C)somatic
D)all of the above

Question 28

A gymnast is experiencing problems with balance and equilibrium. Which of the following cranial nerves may be causing this condition?

A)Accessory
B)Glossopharyngeal
C)Hypoglossal
D)Vestibulocochlear

Question 29

Which of the following cranial nerves is not associated with eye movement?

A)Oculomotor
B)Trochlear
C)Trigeminal
D)Abducens

Question 30

Normal infants will show the Babinski reflex up to the age of _____ years.

A)1
B)2
C)2
D)3

Question 31

The lumbar plexus gives rise to the _____ nerve.

A)median
B)phrenic
C)femoral
D)None of the above is correct.

Question 32

By age 2 years in a normal infant, the stimulus that once caused the Babinski reflex now causes:

A)the knee jerk reflex.
B)the ankle jerk reflex.
C)the plantar reflex.
D)no reaction at all.

Question 33

Which is not true of the dorsal nerve root?

A)It is also called the posterior root.
B)It includes the spinal ganglion.
C)It includes sensory fibers.
D)All of the above are true.

Question 34

Afferent nerves or fibers are found only in the _____ nervous system.

A)sensory
B)autonomic
C)central
D)Both A and B are correct.

Question 35

Efferent nerves or fibers are found only in the _____ system.

A)central
B)autonomic
C)somatic
D)Both B and C are correct.

Question 36

Which segment of the vertebral column generates more spinal nerve pairs than any other segment?

A)Cervical
B)Thoracic
C)Lumbar
D)Sacral

Question 37

Which of the following is not associated with the oculomotor nerve?

A)Movement of external eye muscles
B)Closing and opening of the eye (blink reflex)
C)Movement of intrinsic eye muscles
D)Proprioception of eye muscles

Question 38

Which of the following is a correct statement?

A)There are 7 cervical nerve pairs.
B)There are 11 thoracic nerve pairs.
C)There are 5 lumbar nerve pairs.
D)All of the above are correct statements.

Question 39

Small branches from the cervical plexus join which two cranial nerves?

A)Vagus and hypoglossal
B)Vagus and accessory
C)Hypoglossal and accessory
D)Glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal

Question 40

Which of the following is not a branch of the trigeminal nerve?

A)Zygomatic nerve
B)Ophthalmic nerve
C)Maxillary nerve
D)Mandibular nerve

Question 41

What is the difference between a somatic reflex and an autonomic reflex?

A)A somatic reflex is caused by contraction of smooth or cardiac muscles, whereas an autonomic reflex consists of skeletal muscle contraction.
B)A somatic reflex is caused by the secretions of glands, whereas an autonomic reflex consists of contraction of smooth and skeletal muscles.
C)A somatic reflex is caused by contraction of skeletal muscles, whereas an autonomic reflex consists of contraction of smooth or cardiac muscle or secretions of glands.
D)A somatic reflex is caused by contraction of smooth or cardiac muscles, whereas an autonomic reflex consists of the secretions of glands.

Question 42

A patient complains of numbness in the skin of the buttocks and the posterior surface of the thigh and leg. The spinal nerve or peripheral branch most likely involved with this condition is the _____ plexus.

A)brachial
B)cervical
C)coccygeal
D)thoracic

Question 43

In a healthy adult, a well-placed tap on the knee will result in a:

A)contraction of the tendon and its muscles, the quadriceps femoris, and thereby stimulation of the muscle spindles.
B)stretch of the blood vessels and decreased blood flow to the lower extremities.
C)stretch of the tendon, the quadriceps femoris, and thereby stimulation of the muscle spindles.
D)stretch of the tendon and its muscles, the rectus femoris, and thereby stimulation of the muscle spindles.

Question 44

There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves, all of which consist of both motor and sensory fibers.

Question 45

Danielle has sustained an injury that has reduced her ability to complete simple tasks such as lifting a pencil, manipulating eating utensils, and brushing her hair. The injury has affected the _____ motor pathways _____ the central nervous system (CNS).

A)involuntary; outside
B)involuntary; within
C)voluntary; outside
D)voluntary; within

Question 46

A herpes zoster (shingles) outbreak usually affects more than one dermatome pattern on the skin.

Question 47

Trigeminal neuralgia, or tic douloureux, is characterized by stabbing pain radiating from the eyes.

Question 48

The vagus nerve contains both sensory and motor fibers.

Question 49

How is herpes zoster (shingles) a result of the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus?

A)Adrenergic receptors of the cranial nerve send impulses to the brain, indicating pain at the nerve site.
B)A cutaneous nerve is affected by the virus causing shingles, which remains dormant in the dorsal root ganglion for years.
C)a-receptors of the cranial nerve send impulses to the brain, indicating pain at the nerve site.
D)A cranial nerve is affected by the virus causing shingles, which remains dormant in the dorsal root ganglion for years.

Question 50

The phrenic nerve exits from the brachial plexus.

Question 51

Judy has sustained an injury that has damaged the vestibulocochlear nerve. This injury will have an effect on her ability to:

A)hear.
B)move her jaw.
C)open and close her eyes.
D)maneuver her tongue.

Question 52

Conduction by the sixth cranial nerve results in sensations of hearing.

Question 53

What would the result be if the phrenic nerve received an impulse from the cervical plexus?

A)The diaphragm would stop contracting.
B)Sensation to the anterior abdominal wall would cease.
C)Motor nerves to the thigh would not be able to receive impulses.
D)Motor nerves to the back of the neck would not be able to receive impulses.

Question 54

If a person is having problems with tongue movement, what would you predict as a possible cause and other potential problems?

A)Hypoglossal nerve damage and a decrease in proprioception of the tongue
B)Oculomotor nerve damage and a drooping eye
C)Olfactory nerve damage and a decrease in the ability to smell
D)Vagus nerve damage and a decrease in respiration

Question 55

The ventral rami of all spinal nerves subdivide to form complex networks called plexuses.

Question 56

Each optic nerve contains fibers from both retinas.

Question 57

Each spinal nerve attaches to the spinal cord by means of two short roots-a ventral root and a dorsal root.

Question 58

When responding to stimulation of the outer margin of the sole of the foot, a 1-year-old infant extends her great toe without fanning of the other toes. This happens because:

A)the corticospinal fibers have become fully myelinated and the Babinski reflex becomes suppressed.
B)the corticospinal fibers have not yet become fully myelinated and the Babinski reflex is activated.
C)the sensory fibers in the ophthalmic branch of the fifth cranial nerve are mediated by reflex arcs.
D)a deep reflex is mediated by a two-neuron spinal arc.

Question 59

Injury to the sixth cranial nerve causes the eye to turn in because of paralysis of the abducting muscle of the eye.

Question 60

After radiation treatment, Jake experienced a painful eruption of red, swollen plaques that ruptured and later crusted over. Soon after the eruption of the vesicles, Jake complained of burning and itching in the affected dermatome. These symptoms are most likely a result of what condition?

A)Cranial nerve damage
B)Herpes zoster
C)Peripheral neuropathy
D)Trigeminal neuralgia

Question 61

The peripheral nervous system consists of 43 pairs of nerves and their branches.

Question 62

The peripheral nervous system includes cranial nerves.

Question 63

The peripheral nervous system contains only efferent nerves.

Question 64

There are 62 spinal nerves.

Question 65

The dorsal root ganglion contains motor neuron cell bodies.

Question 66

Approximately 3% of the population will suffer from shingles at some time in their lives.

Question 67

Each spinal nerve branches into three rami: a ventral branch, a dorsal branch, and an autonomic or visceral branch.

Question 68

The lower end of the spinal cord bears the name lumbosacral plexus.

Question 69

The sacral plexus is found deep within the shoulder.

Question 70

Any disease or injury that damages the spinal cord between the first and fifth cervical segments also paralyzes the phrenic nerve and therefore the diaphragm.

Question 71

Sympathetic chain and sympathetic rami refer to the same structure.

Question 72

At all stages of development, a positive Babinski reflex always means destruction of pyramidal tract fibers.

Question 73

The spinal root that possesses a swelling is the dorsal root.

Question 74

Skeletal muscles are somatic effectors.

Question 75

Amines are the neurotransmitters in a somatic motor pathway.

Question 76

Herpes zoster is a unique viral infection that almost always affects the skin of a single dermatome.

Question 77

The Babinski reflex is evoked via stimulation of the outer sole of the foot and will cause a normal infant to extend the great toe.

Question 78

A dermatome is the skin surface area supplied by a single spinal nerve.

Question 79

Myotome is a term referring to a skeletal muscle group innervated by motor neuron axons from a given spinal nerve.

Question 80

Somatic reflexes are contractions of smooth muscles.