Deck 13: Endocrine System

Question 1

The ovaries normally produce all of the following except:

A) adrenaline.
B) estradiol.
C) progesterone.
D) estrone.

Answer 1

adrenaline.

Question 2

In the term hypergonadism,the root gonad means:

A) mucus.
B) seed.
C) large.
D) gland.

Answer 2

seed.

Question 3

Which substance is essential for maintenance of a normal level of blood sugar?

A) cortisol
B) insulin
C) parathyroid hormone
D) serotonin

Answer 3

insulin

Question 4

All of the following statements about epinephrine are true except:

A) It elevates the systolic blood pressure.
B) It decreases the heart rate and cardiac output.
C) It dilates the bronchial tubes.
D) It dilates the pupils.

Question 5

The principal mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex is:

A) aldosterone.
B) androgen.
C) oxytocin.
D) dopamine.

Question 6

The surgical excision of the thyroid gland is called:

A) thyrotoxicosis.
B) thyroxine.
C) thyroiditis.
D) thyroidectomy.

Question 7

A chronic disease characterized by enlargement of the bones of the face,jaw,and extremities is called:

A) cretinism.
B) dwarfism.
C) acromegaly.
D) hyperkalemia.

Question 8

A congenital deficiency in secretion of the thyroid hormone is called:

A) diabetes.
B) hirsutism.
C) gigantism.
D) cretinism.

Question 9

The ________ is the primary link between the endocrine and nervous systems.

A) pineal gland
B) hypothalamus
C) hypophysis
D) pituitary gland

Question 10

Prolactin is secreted by the:

A) posterior lobe of the pituitary.
B) pineal gland.
C) ovaries.
D) anterior lobe of the pituitary.

Question 11

Which substance produces an anti-inflammatory effect?

A) gastrin
B) cortisol
C) thyroxine
D) somatotropin

Question 12

Hypersecretion of cortisol may result in:

A) Cushing disease.
B) Addison disease.
C) diabetes mellitus.
D) Graves disease.

Question 13

What is a condition of premature old age occurring in children called?

A) virilism
B) progesterone
C) progeria
D) vasopressin

Question 14

Which is an abnormal condition of excessive hair growth,especially in women?

A) myxedema
B) thymitis
C) hirsutism
D) hypergonadism

Question 15

In the term epinephrine,the prefix epi- means:

A) out.
B) beside.
C) upon.
D) before.

Question 16

The ________ gland plays a vital role in metabolism and regulates the body's basal metabolic rate.

A) thyroid
B) parathyroid
C) pineal
D) pituitary

Question 17

The pituitary gland is also known as the:

A) pineal.
B) hypophysis.
C) parathyroid.
D) pituitarism.

Question 18

The medical term for pertaining to drowsiness or sluggishness is:

A) polydipsia.
B) myxedema.
C) ascites.
D) lethargic.

Question 19

In the term hyperkalemia,the root kal means:

A) cortex.
B) kidney.
C) potassium.
D) sugar.

Question 20

The term ________ refers to a substance that promotes the development of male characteristics.

A) gastrin
B) glucagon
C) androgen
D) dopamine

Question 21

The master gland of the body is the:

A) pineal gland.
B) pituitary gland.
C) hypothalamus.
D) gonads.

Question 22

In the term estrogen,the combining form estr/o means:

A) good.
B) away from.
C) shield.
D) female.

Question 23

A hormone made by the thyroid gland:

A) prepares the uterus for pregnancy.
B) controls body pigmentation.
C) stimulates release of milk.
D) influences bone and calcium metabolism.

Question 24

A test performed on urine to determine the amount of epinephrine and norepinephrine present is:

A) catecholamines.
B) corticotropin.
C) protein-bound iodine.
D) total calcium.

Question 25

The hypothalamus is the primary link between what system and the endocrine system to help maintain homeostasis?

A) muscular
B) integumentary
C) skeletal
D) nervous

Question 26

A substance that elevates the blood pressure is:

A) melatonin.
B) iodine.
C) dopamine.
D) cortisone.

Question 27

The parathyroid gland:

A) influences the body's internal clock.
B) acts on the mammary glands.
C) helps maintain normal serum calcium levels.
D) aids in the breakdown of glycogen.

Question 28

Melatonin is secreted by the:

A) thyroid gland.
B) parathyroid gland.
C) pancreas.
D) pineal gland.

Question 29

The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland secretes:

A) luteinizing hormone.
B) antidiuretic hormone.
C) thyrotropin-releasing hormone.
D) gonadotropin-releasing hormone.

Question 30

The pituitary gland is located:

A) in the center of the brain.
B) away from the hypothalamus.
C) at the base of the brain.
D) in the lower central part of the brain.

Question 31

The suffix that means hormone is:

A) -ine.
B) -one.
C) -ism.
D) -gen.

Question 32

A test used to detect tumors of the thyroid gland is:

A) thyroxine.
B) total calcium.
C) thyroid scan.
D) protein-bound iodine.

Question 33

A blood sugar test that is performed at specified intervals after the patient has taken glucose is:

A) fasting blood sugar test.
B) glucose tolerance test.
C) protein-bound iodine test.
D) corticotrophin test.

Question 34

Which of the following diagnostic tests may indicate diabetes mellitus?

A) thyroid scan
B) total calcium
C) fasting blood sugar
D) protein-bound iodine

Question 35

The posterior portion of the pituitary gland secretes a hormone that:

A) regulates skin pigmentation.
B) regulates release of gonadotropin.
C) stimulates reabsorption of water by the renal tubules.
D) plays a vital role in metabolism.

Question 36

The endocrine gland that plays a vital role in carbohydrate metabolism is the:

A) ovaries
B) thymus.
C) pancreas.
D) testes.

Question 37

A hormone produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas is called:

A) glucagon.
B) insulin.
C) melatonin.
D) calcitonin.

Question 38

A mineral that specifically aids in the development and functioning of the thyroid gland is:

A) potassium.
B) sodium.
C) iodine.
D) chlorine.

Question 39

A test used in to diagnose adrenal tumors is called a:

A) Hb A1C test.
B) total calcium test
C) 17-KS test.
D) thyroxin test.

Question 40

A deficiency in the secretion of adrenocortical hormones may result in:

A) Cushing disease.
B) Graves disease.
C) diabetes mellitus.
D) Addison disease.

Question 41

Antidiuretic hormone is also known as:

A) vasopressin.
B) epinephrine.
C) cortisone.
D) adrenocorticotropin hormone.

Question 42

Write the correct abbreviation for adrenocorticotropin hormone:

Question 43

An oral hypoglycemic agent of the sulfonylurea class is:

A) diazoxide.
B) liotrix.
C) metformin.
D) methimazole.

Question 44

A complication of hypothyroidism can be:

A) Heart disease.
B) Graves disease.
C) Addison disease.
D) Cushing disease.

Question 45

A condition of excessive amounts of potassium in the blood is termed:

A) hypercalcemia.
B) hyperglycemia.
C) hyperkalemia.
D) hyperinsulinism.

Question 46

The suffix in acromegaly means:

A) pertaining to.
B) enlargement.
C) gland.
D) extremity.

Question 47

The function of oxytocin is:

A) regulation of skin pigmentation.
B) stimulation of uterine contractions.
C) prevent dehydration.
D) stimulation of development of the corpus luteum.

Question 48

The combining form somat/o in somatotropin means:

A) turn.
B) chemical.
C) body.
D) solid.

Question 49

The root aden in adenoma means:

A) pertaining to.
B) gland.
C) pine cone.
D) giant.

Question 50

Overproduction of growth hormone in adults may result in:

A) acromegaly.
B) thyrotoxicosis.
C) dwarfism.
D) endemic goiter.

Question 51

The surgical excision of the adrenal gland is termed:

A) adenectomy.
B) adrenalectomy.
C) adenoma.
D) adrenopathy.

Question 52

A condition of excessive secretion of the sex glands is:

A) cretinism.
B) virilism.
C) hypogonadism.
D) hypergonadism.

Question 53

The most severe form of hypothyroidism is:

A) Cushing's disease.
B) Addison's disease.
C) myxedema.
D) Graves disease.

Question 54

Write the correct abbreviation for basal metabolic rate:

Question 55

Write the correct abbreviation for diabetes mellitus:

Question 56

The adenohypophysis is also known as the:

A) posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
B) anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
C) parathyroid gland.
D) pineal gland.

Question 57

Any cancer of a gland is referred to as:

A) adenitis.
B) adenoma.
C) adenogenic.
D) adenectomy.

Question 58

________ is a condition in which the fasting blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.

A) Prediabetes
B) Diabetes insipidus
C) Hypoglycemia
D) Hyperglycemia

Question 59

Match the following word part with its meaning.

A)out,away from
B)to secrete
C)giant
D)small
E)before
F)potassium
G)hairy
H)gland
I)beside
J)extremity
1)ex-
2)para-
3)pro-
4)acr/o
5)aden
6)crin/o
7)dwarf
8)gigant
9)hirsut
10)kal

Question 60

Match the word part with its meaning.

A)thyroid,shield
B)thymus
C)resemble
D)mucus
E)pituitary gland
F)growth
G)formation,produce
H)drowsiness
I)condition (usually abnormal)
J)masculine
K)to go
L)hormone
11)lethargy
12)myx
13)pituitar
14)thym
15)thyr
16)viril
17)-betes
18)-oid
19)-osis
20)-physis
21)-one
22)-gen

Question 61

The adrenal cortex secretes:

A) aldosterone.
B) parathormone.
C) estrone.
D) enterogastrone.

Question 62

The pineal gland secretes:

A) melatonin and serotonin.
B) serotonin and cortisol.
C) oxytocin and melatonin.
D) epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Question 63

Write the correct meaning for RIA:

Question 64

Write the correct meaning for BG:

Question 65

The pituitary is also called the ________ of the body because of its regulatory effects on the other endocrine glands.

Question 66

Write the correct abbreviation for fasting blood sugar:

Question 67

Write the correct meaning for T₃:

Question 68

Write the correct abbreviation for vasopressin:

Question 69

Write the correct abbreviation for protein-bound iodine:

Question 70

Write the correct abbreviation for triiodothyronine:

Question 71

Write the correct abbreviation for thyroxine:

Question 72

Write the correct abbreviation for somatotropin hormone:

Question 73

Hyposecretion of vasopressin (VP)may result in ________.

Question 74

Write the correct meaning for T₄:

Question 75

A/An ________ is a chemical transmitter that is released in small amounts and transported via the bloodstream to a target organ or other cells.

Question 76

Write the correct meaning for ADH:

Question 77

Nerve cells in the ________ control the pituitary gland by producing chemicals that either stimulate or suppress hormone secretions from the pituitary.

Question 78

Write the correct meaning for DM:

Question 79

The endocrine system and the ________ work closely together to help maintain homeostasis.

Question 80

Write the correct abbreviation for thyroid-stimulating hormone: