Deck 16: The Crime Scene, The Chain of Custody Requirement, and the Use of Fingerprints and Trace Evidence

Question 1

For many types of evidence to be admissible, the prosecution must prove the chain of

A)possession.
B)concurrence.
C)fools.
D)custody.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

If police are chasing a suspect and enter a residence to attempt to apprehend the suspect, the ___________ exception to the warrant requirement may apply.

A)emergency circumstances
B)implied consent
C)hot-pursuit
D)inculpatory evidence

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The Court held that law enforcement officers may make "warrantless entries and searches when they reasonably believe that a person within is in need of __________ aid"

A)preventative
B)minor
C)serious
D)immediate

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Proof of chain of custody of evidence is not required in most _______ cases.

A)sexual assault
B)drug
C)drug paraphernalia
D)theft and shoplifting

Question 5

An ________ exists if law officers have no time to obtain a search warrant and have probable cause to believe that evidence will be destroyed or moved to an unknown place.

A)quandry
B)probable cause
C)emergency
D)exigency

Question 6

To have standing to contest the search of a place under the Fourth Amendment, the defendant must have had a/n

A)right to be on the premises.
B)invitation from the owner to be on the premises.
C)a reasonable expectation of privacy in the place searched.
D)a possessory right to the items seized during the search.

Question 7

The _________of a search made at a crime scene is a factor in determining the reasonableness of the search.

A)purpose
B)intrusiveness
C)duration
D)thoroughness

Question 8

__________is where a person's life or safety is endangered: where there is concern for an elderly person or some other person, or where a shooting, fire, or explosion has occurred.

A)Precautionary
B)Cautionary
C)Immediacy
D)Exigency

Question 9

The Supreme Court, in ______, upheld the conviction based on footprint/shoeprint evidence.

A)Jells
B)Henry
C)Knotts
D)McIver

Question 10

The Supreme Court held in ________ that tire tracks could be used as evidence if there was no violation of the privacy right.

A)Richards
B)Marsh
C)Biggers
D)Cardwell

Question 11

Using bite marks as evidence is most often done in cases of

A)homicide.
B)fighting.
C)kidnapping.
D)robbery.

Question 12

Law enforcement officers may stay in a crime scene for a ______period of time to perform whatever tasks they are obligated to do.

A)allowed
B)minimal
C)reasonable
D)objective

Question 13

A defendant must have ____________ to legally challenge the admissibility of evidence under the Fourth Amendment.

A)taciturnity
B)standing
C)compulsion
D)implied consent

Question 14

The term "____________" is used to describe minute or microscopic pieces of evidence.

A)invisible
B)latent
C)largesse
D)trace

Question 15

The term "____________" is used to describe minute or microscopic pieces of evidence.

A)invisible
B)latent
C)largesse
D)trace

Question 16

Officers who have lawfully entered a residence may conduct a "_________" of the residence if they reasonably believe that a person posing a threat to the police is on the premises.

A)inclusive search
B)minimal search
C)protective sweep
D)basic inventory

Question 17

In Maryland v.___________, the Supreme Court approved of protective sweeps on reasonable suspicion for officer protection while making an arrest or search.

A)McCullough
B)Buie
C)Cochran
D)Davis

Question 18

All arrest and search warrants require, at a minimum,

A)reasonable suspicion.
B)probable cause.
C)clear and convincing evidence.
D)proof beyond a reasonable doubt.

Question 19

It is an exception to the warrant requirement if police have, at a minimum, _____________ to believe that evidence will be destroyed before they can obtain a warrant.

A)reasonable suspicion
B)an anonymous tip that leads them
C)probable cause
D)a mere suspicion

Question 20

If police lawfully enter premises during some emergency and have probable cause to seize the item, incriminating items may be admissible under the ____________ exception to the warrant requirement.

A)plain view
B)consent
C)inculpatory evidence
D)automobile

Question 21

According to Brendlin v.CA, a passenger in a vehicle could not object to the lawfulness of a traffic stop.

Question 22

There is a "murder scene" exception to the warrant requirement.

Question 23

Proof of chain of custody is required for admissibility of DNA evidence.

Question 24

Fingerprints are used less and less as other forms of identification are both plentiful and accurate.

Question 25

It can be determined by fingerprint analysis if a person has touched drugs.

Question 26

Fingerprint evidence cannot pass the Daubert test.

Question 27

It is relatively easy for fingerprint experts to determine the age of a latent print.

Question 28

In drug cases, the chain of custody does not have to be established.

Question 29

In Schmerber v.California, the U.S.Supreme Court approved the hot-pursuit exception.

Question 30

Scent evidence may be used to gain a conviction of a suspect.

Question 31

Officers can make warrantless searches of premises if incident to an arrest.

Question 32

To raise the issues of illegal search and seizure, the defendant must have standing.

Question 33

If police arrive at the scene and detect a murder, they may make a quick sweep through the building to see if the offenders could be hiding there.

Question 34

Exigent circumstances exist when there is some sort of emergency.

Question 35

It is relatively easy to determine the sex of the person who left a latent print.

Question 36

Fingerprint evidence is circumstantial evidence rather than direct evidence.

Question 37

If a police officer has been murdered at the scene, police may lawfully search the scene for up to four days before obtaining a warrant.

Question 38

Protective sweeps were approved by the U.S.Supreme Court in Maryland v.Buie.

Question 39

The hot-pursuit exception to the warrant requirement does not apply to homes.

Question 40

The courts have held that protective sweeps are not a violation of the Fourth Amendment.

Question 41

Discuss hot pursuit entry into private premises.Incorporate Warden, MD.Penitentiary v.Hayden and U.S.v Santana in your discussion.Do you agree with the court decisions? Why or why not?

Question 42

Discuss what a trained dog can use scent evidence to perform.

Question 43

Fingerprints are ____________ (rather than direct) evidence of guilt.

Question 44

The transfer of small amounts of material from one object to another is known as __________ evidence.

Question 45

To use bite-mark evidence, a chain of custody must be shown and an expert witness must be used, such as a dentist with training and experience as a forensic _________.

Question 46

Discuss facts of holding of the U.S.Supreme Court's decision in Mincey v.Arizona.Do you agree or disagree with the Court's decision? Explain your position.

Question 47

Fingerprint evidence has been held to pass the ____________ test adopted by the Supreme Court for the admissibility of scientific evidence.

Question 48

Proof of chain of custody is usually not required in ____________ and theft cases.

Question 49

In general, before physical evidence can be admitted, its ____________ of custody must be shown.

Question 50

Define and discuss the concept of "standing." What are the requirements for a person to have standing to contest a Fourth Amendment search? Be sure to provide examples.

Question 51

Police chasing a suspect into a home may be able to rely on the ____________ exception.

Question 52

The term "_____________ circumstances" means emergency circumstances.

Question 53

The USA _______ACT of 2001 expanded the authority of government to use many of these measures in combating terrorism.

Question 54

Discuss three exceptions to the warrant requirement that would permit police to enter a home (where evidence might be seen in plain view).Give examples of each.

Question 55

In Warden v.____________, the U.S.Supreme Court recognized a hot-pursuit exception to the warrant requirement.

Question 56

To have standing and challenge the manner in which police obtained evidence from a crime scene, a ________must show that he or she had a legitimate expectation of privacy in the crime scene.

Question 57

In Mincey v.Arizona, the Supreme Court held that there is no ____________ scene exception to the warrant requirement.

Question 58

The term "__________" means having a legal right to raise a legal issue.

Question 59

In Maryland v.Buie, the Supreme Court recognized a(n) ____________________ exception to the warrant requirement.

Question 60

Minute or microscopic evidence is referred to as ____________ evidence.

Question 61

Discuss trace evidence and provide examples of what is commonly considered trace evidence.

Question 62

Discuss how bite marks may be useful as evidence.

Question 63

Discuss the ways in which a person may alter a crime scene in order to obstruct officers from conducting an investigation.