Deck 18: Fetal Skeleton

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT true of the fontanels?

A)They are sometimes called "soft spots."
B)They are areas of incomplete ossification in the skull of an infant.
C)They occur between the flat bones of the skull, the vertebrae, and the long bones of the upper and lower limbs.
D)They allow for cranial compression during childbirth, and rapid brain development after birth.
E)All of these are true of the fontanels.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following fontanels are paired, occurring in 2 different places on the fetal skull?

A)Anterior and posterior
B)Anterior and sphenoidal
C)Mastoid and sphenoidal
D)Mastoid and posterior
E)All of the fontanels are paired in the fetal skull.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Intramembranous bones develop by replacement of a hyaline cartilage model with bone tissue.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The facial part of an adult skull makes up about one-half of the skull; the facial part of a fetal skull at the time of birth makes up about ________ of the skull.

A)one-third
B)one-fourth
C)one-half
D)one-twentieth
E)one-eighth

Question 5

The largest fontanel is the ________ fontanel.

A)sphenoidal
B)mastoid
C)ethmoid
D)anterior
E)posterior

Question 6

All of the fontanels close by the end of the first year after birth.

Question 7

Which of the following fontanels involve(s)the occipital bone?

A)Posterior only
B)Anterior and sphenoidal
C)Mastoid only
D)Sphenoidal only
E)Mastoid and posterior

Question 8

Since embryonic and fetal development progress from the cranial to the caudal areas of the body, the ________ of a 2-month embryo takes up about one-half of the total body height.

A)head
B)lower limbs
C)trunk
D)upper limbs
E)head and trunk

Question 9

All of the following bones develop by intramembranous ossification except

A)the parietal bones.
B)the humerus.
C)some parts of the mandible.
D)the frontal bone.
E)some parts of the clavicle.

Question 10

By the time a human reaches young adulthood, the ________ make(s)up about one-half of the total body height.

A)lower limbs
B)head
C)trunk
D)head and neck
E)abdominal portion of the trunk

Question 11

All of the fontanels of the fetal/infant skull involve the parietal bones.

Question 12

Most bones of the skeleton develop by endochondral ossification.

Question 13

The sphenoidal fontanel lies ________ to the mastoid fontanel.

A)posterior
B)medial
C)caudal
D)anterior
E)inferior

Question 14

The relatively small size of the face in the fetal skull is due to all of the following except

A)the small size of the maxillae and their sinuses.
B)the undersized mandible.
C)the lack of tooth eruptions in the maxillae and mandible.
D)the small size of the nasal cavities.
E)all of these are reasons why the face is small in a fetal skull.

Question 15

All of the following are fontanels in the fetal skull except the ________ fontanel.

A)ethmoid
B)sphenoidal
C)anterior
D)mastoid
E)posterior

Question 16

The posterior fontanel is surrounded by the parietal and occipital bones.