Deck 58: Urinary Organs

Question 1

Which of the following is not true of the urinary bladder?

A)The detrusor muscle makes up the muscular coat of the urinary bladder.
B)The trigone contains openings for the ureters and the urethra.
C)The bladder can store about 600 mL of urine, but the urge to void can be felt when it contains about 500 mL.
D)Rugae are folds of the mucosa that allow the urinary bladder to stretch for urine storage.
E)All of these are true of the urinary bladder.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What is the first process of urine formation?

A)Micturition
B)Tubular secretion
C)Active transport
D)Tubular reabsorption
E)Glomerular filtration

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which of the following structures does not enter or exit the kidney at the hilum?

A)The renal column
B)The renal artery
C)The ureter
D)The renal vein
E)All of these structures enter or exit the kidney at the hilum.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

From your observations of kidney slides, it can be seen that all of the renal corpuscles are located in the renal cortex.

Question 5

Which of the following is not true of the urethra?

A)It is about the same length in males and females.
B)It contains two sphincters, one composed of smooth muscle, and the other composed of skeletal muscle.
C)The type of epithelium found in the mucous coat changes between the base of the urinary bladder and the external urethral orifice.
D)It contains urethral glands, which secrete protective mucus into the lumen of the urethra.
E)All of these are true of the urethra.

Question 6

A renal corpuscle consists of a capillary called a(n)________ and a cup-shaped structure called a ________.

A)efferent arteriole; proximal convoluted tubule
B)glomerulus; glomerular capsule
C)lacteal; Bowman's capsule
D)peritubular capillary; renal pelvis
E)glomerulus; nephron loop

Question 7

As blood flows through the kidney, blood from the efferent arteriole flows directly into the

A)peritubular capillaries.
B)glomerulus.
C)renal vein.
D)afferent arteriole.
E)cortical radiate vein.

Question 8

What  type of specialized epithelium makes up the mucous coat of the ureter and urinary bladder?

A)Simple cuboidal epithelium
B)Stratified squamous epithelium
C)Transitional epithelium
D)Simple columnar epithelium
E)Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 9

The urethra transports urine from the kidney to the bladder via peristaltic waves.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a function of the kidney?

A)Regulation of blood pressure
B)Regulation of blood pH
C)Regulation of water and electrolyte concentrations in the blood
D)Secretion of renin and erythropoietin
E)All of these are functions of the kidney.

Question 11

Which of the following is not true of the juxtamedullary nephrons?

A)They lie entirely within the renal medulla.
B)Their nephron loops are much longer than those of the cortical nephrons.
C)They are much less numerous than the cortical nephrons.
D)They are similar in appearance to cortical nephrons, but they are larger.
E)All of these are true of the juxtamedullary nephrons.

Question 12

As blood flows through the kidney, the cortical radiate arteries branch directly into the afferent arterioles.

Question 13

Which of the following is not true of urine flow through the kidney?

A)The renal pelvis narrows down to become the ureter.
B)The renal pelvis receives urine directly from the minor calyces.
C)The minor calyces receive urine directly from papillary ducts in the renal papillae.
D)Major calyces receive urine from minor calyces.
E)All of these are true of urine flow through the kidney.

Question 14

Cone-shaped structures that make up the renal medulla of the kidney are called

A)renal sinuses.
B)renal pyramids.
C)minor calyces.
D)renal papillae.
E)renal columns.

Question 15

Within the kidney, several nephrons merge and empty their forming urine into a common

A)minor calyx.
B)distal convoluted tubule.
C)nephron loop.
D)collecting duct.
E)renal pelvis.

Question 16

As tubular fluid flows through the nephron, fluid from the proximal convoluted tubule flows directly into the

A)distal convoluted tubule.
B)glomerular capsule.
C)nephron loop.
D)glomerulus.
E)minor calyx.

Question 17

When observing a slide of the renal medulla, it an be seen that most of the medulla consists of

A)renal corpuscles.
B)glomeruli.
C)cross sections of proximal and distal convoluted tubules.
D)longitudinal sections of nephron loops and collecting ducts.
E)a mixture of all of these structures.

Question 18

The kidneys are located inside the double-layered peritoneal membrane, just like most of the other organs of the abdominopelvic cavity.