Deck 7: Principles of Motivating Followers

Question 1

Successful supervisors reward employees based on which needs are currently driving the employee.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Challenging or interesting work and recognition for accomplishments are examples of hygiene factors.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Supervisors cannot succeed at their jobs if they do not understand how to motivate employees to work to their full potential.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

If Maslow's theory is correct,a person will be unable to satisfy biological needs until security needs are satisfied first.

Question 5

Self-fulfillment needs are the first level of needs that must be satisfied.

Question 6

Parents who encourage autonomy and dependence give the child valuable lessons.

Question 7

Elements intrinsic in a job that promote job performance are called motivation factors.

Question 8

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory,a person must satisfy physiological needs before attempting to satisfy security needs.

Question 9

Most psychologists who study human behavior and personality are convinced that all behavior is caused,goal-oriented,and motivated.

Question 10

Maslow believed that people are motivated to satisfy certain needs that range from low-level needs to high-level needs,in a descending priority.

Question 11

Herzberg would disagree with the notion that most employees are motivated primarily by money.

Question 12

One of the biggest problems that a supervisor must face at work concerns employees with attitude problems who have a negative impact on co-workers.

Question 13

Since people tend to be more alike than different,it is a mistake for a supervisor to try to tailor his or her supervisory approach to individual employees.

Question 14

Expectancy theory is based on worker perceptions,not relationships.

Question 15

Height,weight,and physique influences the human personality.

Question 16

According to expectancy theory,employees must be able to perceive a relationship between the effort they put into their work and the accompanying rewards they receive; otherwise,they will not be motivated.

Question 17

People are the most important resource that a supervisor is asked to manage.

Question 18

According to the expectancy theory,when nurses' aides perceive that their high-performing co-workers are not being rewarded any more than average or even substandard performers,they will not believe that a performance/reward relationship exists,so they will not be motivated to perform well.

Question 19

It does not matter what the reward,as long as a reward exists employees will perform to the highest possible standard.

Question 20

Frank just hired a new employee named Joe,who appears to have strong social needs.The best way for Frank to motivate Joe is to offer Joe a good benefits package.

Question 21

Good behavior occurs less frequently when it goes unrecognized.

Question 22

According to Theory X,most workers dislike work,avoid responsibility,and must be coerced into working.

Question 23

According to equity theory,employees perform better when they believe that their efforts lead to desired rewards.

Question 24

The best way for a supervisor to handle difficult employees is simply to ignore them.

Question 25

Job rotation is the process of switching job tasks among employees in a work group.

Question 26

Participative management tends to be more time-consuming.

Question 27

According to Aubrey Daniels' ABC guide for shaping behavior,it is imperative for supervisors to separate the behavior from the antecedents in order to identify the root cause of any behavioral issue.

Question 28

Core dimensions of job redesign are skill variety,task identity,and autonomy.

Question 29

Theory X is the better approach to supervisoring employees when tasks must be accomplished quickly.

Question 30

Job enlargement does not result in improved employee performance.

Question 31

Reina often wonders how her education,income,and home influence her personality.What kind of factors is Reina considering?

A)Cultural factors
B)Environmental factors
C)Physiological factors
D)Early childhood influences

Question 32

When employees participate in making the decisions that affect them,they are more likely to accept those decisions.

Question 33

The behavior of a difficult employee can sometimes be improved if the supervisor provides that employee more opportunities for need fulfillment.

Question 34

One of the conclusions about employee job satisfaction drawn from the research data collected by various agencies is that _____.

A)the employee's perception of the organization's financial stability is related to satisfaction​
B)job security is not important to the current generation of employees.
C)when the economy begins to warm up, dissatisfied workers prefer to stay in their current jobs rather than look for new jobs​
D)work environment and problems with co-workers are often not the reasons why employees quit their jobs

Question 35

According to Professors Hackman and Oldham,training employees with a variety of skills as opposed to one specialty will increase motivation.

Question 36

When Joe showed up late to work for the third time his supervisor cut him a break by writing him up instead of terminating him.This is an example of positive reinforcement.

Question 37

Participative management sounds great in theory,but the disadvantages outweigh the advantages.

Question 38

Job rotation is when a supervisor assigns challenging tasks and gives the employee more decision-making responsibilities.

Question 39

According to Theory Y,employees must be threatened or coerced to get them to accomplish their work objectives.

Question 40

Theory Y supervisors have a limited view of employees' abilities and motivations.

Question 41

_____ needs pertain to the need to create something useful and pleasing.

A)Cognitive
B)Aesthetic
C)Dissonance
D)Transcendence

Question 42

Hank was just handed over free passes to a rock concert by his friend.However Hank is required to be at work on the night of the concert.Hank has not been able to find a substitute who can take care of his work.He is now debating whether he should adhere to his work schedule or postpone the work to attend the concert.Hank's dilemma illustrates _____.

A)realized cost
B)source monitoring error
C)confirmatory bias
D)cognitive dissonance

Question 43

Which of the following is a physiological factor influencing personality?

A)Religious vales
B)Intelligence
C)Education
D)Cultural norms

Question 44

According to Herzberg,_____ is a hygiene factor.

A)challenging work
B)recognition of accomplishments
C)responsibility for work
D)interpersonal relationships

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT included in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

A)Physiological needs
B)Organizational needs
C)Social needs
D)Security needs

Question 46

As the head of a single-parent household,Henrietta must make certain that she and her children are covered by her benefits at work.According to Maslow,Henrietta is most likely trying to fulfill _____ needs.

A)aesthetic
B)self-respect
C)safety
D)self-fulfillment

Question 47

Bart is often described by his colleagues as someone who is always friendly and fun to work with,with an infectious attitude that carries over to others.Which of the following attitudes does Bart display?

A)Reward-centric attitude
B)Reciprocal attitude
C)Positive environmental attitude
D)Positive mental attitude

Question 48

In the context of Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory,which of the following is a hygiene factor?

A)Responsibility for work
B)Opportunity for growth
C)Company policies
D)Challenging nature of the job

Question 49

In the context of Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory,_____ is considered as a motivation factor.

A)money
B)company policies
C)responsibility for work
D)interpersonal relationships

Question 50

The _____ states that if higher-needs are not satisfied,individuals will come down to alower-order need that is moreeasily fulfilled.

A)Matthew principle
B)confirmatory bias principle
C)frustration-regressionprinciple
D)bandwagon fallacy

Question 51

The _____ suggests that humans reactand respond in like manner to the attitude and action of others.

A)rule of reciprocity
B)scalar principle
C)bandwagon fallacy
D)confirmatory bias rule

Question 52

Which of the following is NOT an example of a hygiene factor?

A)Safe work environment
B)Responsibility for work
C)Supervision
D)Money

Question 53

According to Herzberg,elements that are intrinsic to a job that promote job performance are called _____.

A)social factors
B)security factors
C)motivation factors
D)hygiene factors

Question 54

In the ERG theory,social and external esteem needs fit within the _____ category.

A)existence
B)relatedness
C)growth
D)survival

Question 55

The _____ states that factors inthe work environment primarilyinfluence the degree of jobdissatisfaction while intrinsicjob content factors influencethe amount of employeemotivation.

A)scalar principle
B)bandwagon fallacy
C)theory of hierarchical needs
D)motivation-hygiene theory

Question 56

Based on the works of J.Stacy Adams,_____ is a theory of motivationthat explains how people strive for fairness in the workplace.

A)bandwagon fallacy
B)scalar principle
C)equity theory
D)hierarchy of needs theory

Question 57

_____ needs pertain to one's need to know andunderstand.

A)Aesthetic
B)Security
C)Cognitive
D)Affect

Question 58

_____ needs are at the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

A)Self-fulfillment
B)Social
C)Physiological
D)Security

Question 59

While Margot was preparing to cross the street,a motorist yielded in front of a crosswalk,allowing her to cross the street safely.Remembering this act of kindness the next day,Margot yielded to pedestrians at a crosswalk while she was driving.This example demonstrates which of the following?

A)Rule of reciprocity
B)Hierarchy of needs
C)Nature versus nurture
D)Expectancy rule

Question 60

Which needs are at the first level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs and are vital to survival?

A)Physiological needs
B)Social needs
C)Security needs
D)Self-fulfillment needs

Question 61

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the Theory Y approach?

A)It supports the development of negative motivation among employees.
B)It is often resented by employees.
C)It does not promote or allow personal growth for the employee.
D)It is not useful for employees who prefer firm direction from their supervisors.

Question 62

Larry regularly fails to meet sales goals but routinely demands bonuses anyway.Despite his lack of effort,he believes that the organization owes him.This is an example of _____.

A)confirmatory bias
B)inequitable treatment
C)equitable treatment
D)employee entitlement

Question 63

The process of making behavior occur less frequently because it is linked to an undesirable consequence is called _____.

A)extinction
B)punishment
C)ignorance
D)positive reinforcement

Question 64

The core job dimension that relates to the completion of a whole,recognizable piece of work is called _____.

A)task identity
B)skill variety
C)autonomy
D)task significance

Question 65

What are physiological needs and how important are they?

Question 66

Giving employees more challenging tasks and more decision-making responsibility for their jobs is referred to as _____.

A)job enlargement
B)job rotation
C)job enrichment
D)job redesign

Question 67

Which of the following is NOT an example of participatory management in action?

A)Emmanuel solicits suggestions from his staff on the best way to meet an important deadline.
B)Terri assigns several employees to a self-directed work team.
C)Martha gives her employee, Fred, a $50 bonus for a job well done.
D)Flagston Industries institutes a quality circle program for employees.

Question 68

Which of the following is true about Theory X management?

A)Theory X supervision promotes individual growth.
B)It takes more of a supervisor's time than Theory Y management.
C)It is almost always better to use Theory X management than Theory Y management.
D)Most workers resent Theory X supervision.

Question 69

How should supervisors handle difficult employees?

Question 70

Under what circumstances might Theory X techniques be used effectively?

Question 71

The degree to which employees can see how their work impacts others is known as _____.

A)autonomy
B)task identity
C)task significance
D)skill variety

Question 72

Bettina's supervisor has assigned her an extremely challenging task and has given Bettina more personal authority in how to perform the task.This is an example of _____.

A)job rotation
B)job enlargement
C)job enrichment
D)job security

Question 73

_____ refers to making behavior occur morefrequently by removing anundesirable consequence.

A)Job deskilling
B)Job rotation
C)Negative reinforcement
D)Punishment

Question 74

Define personality.Name four primary determinants of personality.

Question 75

Which of the following is an effective way of dealing with difficult behaviors of employees?

A)Seeking the help of upper management at the first occurance of an undesirable behavior
B)Talking to the employee in private to get his or her side of the story
C)Accentuating the weaknesses and the negative behavior of the employee
D)Avoiding assigning work to employees with difficult behaviors

Question 76

Which of the following statements regarding employee behavior is NOT true?

A)What would be a favorable consequence for a supervisor is not necessarily desirable for an employee.
B)The best way for an employee to learn what is expected on the job is by trial and error.
C)Employee behavior is likely to be unsatisfactory unless the supervisor identifies what the employee should do and explains it to the employee.
D)Behavior with favorable consequences tends to be repeated.

Question 77

Moe is a supervisor at Stooge Construction.He rarely trusts his employees to handle tasks on their own and monitors them very closely.He does not allow for his subordinates to develop autonomy.Moe's management style is most closely associated with _____.

A)participative management theory
B)Theory Z
C)Theory X
D)Theory Y

Question 78

Describe the five core job dimensions.

Question 79

Which of the following is NOT an implication of equity theory for supervisors?

A)It provides an explanation for how perceptions of fairness influence performance.
B)It acquaints supervisors with the potential disasters that can occur when rewards are not aligned with performance.
C)It helps supervisors think in terms of difficult people, not difficult behaviors.
D)It encourages supervisors to find out what employees see as just rewards for their contributions.

Question 80

What is the difference between hygiene and motivation factors?