Deck 1: Exceptionality and Special Education

Question 1

A six-month-old child who cannot walk or talk would best be described as having a(n)

A)disability.
B)age appropriate exceptionality.
C)age-appropriate inability.
D)instructional inability.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

According to the authors,compared to general education,special education offers all of the following EXCEPT

A)greater intensity of instruction.
B)lower teacher-pupil ratio.
C)closer monitoring of progress.
D)a more constructivist approach.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The single most important goal of special education is

A)identifying the types of exceptionalities.
B)placing all students in the regular classroom for the entire day.
C)finding and capitalizing on exceptional student's abilities.
D)preventing exceptionalities.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In comparison to typical students,students with exceptionalities

A)have both similarities and differences.
B)are similar in almost every way.
C)are different in almost every way.
D)have the same instructional needs,but differ in ability level.

Question 5

Which one of the following descriptions distinguishes best between an exceptionality and a handicap?

A)Exceptionalities are functional impairments,while handicaps are disadvantages imposed on an individual.
B)Exceptionalities are more severe than handicaps.
C)Handicaps are caused by disabilities.
D)There is no real difference between the two;the terms are interchangeable.

Question 6

Although no two students are alike,to be considered "exceptional" for purposes of their school program,students must

A)have an exceptionality related to their academic progress.
B)need some extra time to complete assignments
C)require special educational services to achieve their potential.
D)have a history of school failure.

Question 7

The most dramatic increases in prevalence figures of the past two decades were in the numbers of children identified as having

A)learning disabilities.
B)intellectual disabilities.
C)physical disabilities.
D)autism or traumatic brain injury.

Question 8

In order to best serve the needs of students with exceptionalities,we should focus on

A)their greatest areas of need.
B)their diagnosis.
C)their abilities.
D)their label.

Question 9

Blaire uses a wheel chair for mobility.She is a member of her high school's varsity cheer leading squad.For purposes of cheer leading,Blaire would be considered to have

A)an exceptionality.
B)a handicap.
C)an exceptionality and a handicap.
D)neither an exceptionality nor a handicap.

Question 10

Which one of the following students most resembles the "typical" student who receives special education services?

A)Joe is a high school student with a physical disability.
B)Lisa is an elementary school student with an intellectual disability.
C)Edna is a middle or junior high school student with a learning disability.
D)Sam is an elementary school student with a learning disability.

Question 11

All of the following are important to include in an educational definition of 'exceptional learners' EXCEPT

A)students must have a recognized exceptionality.
B)diversity of characteristics.
C)need for special education.
D)exceptionalities may vary in their effect on educational progress.

Question 12

Determining the number of students with exceptionalities is complicated because

A)definitions are vague.
B)definitions change frequently.
C)schools differ in how they identify exceptionalities.
D)all of the above.

Question 13

In order for special education to be most effective,all of the following should occur EXCEPT

A)students should be identified early.
B)parents should be involved in decision-making.
C)students should be in the least restrictive environment.
D)students should be treated the same as their peers.

Question 14

Which one of the following provides the best definition of special education?

A)Special education uses special equipment and materials.
B)Special education meets individual needs of exceptional students.
C)Special education is delivered by a certified special education teacher.
D)Special education provides greater structure and smaller classes.

Question 15

The number of students identified as having a learning disability

A)has more than doubled since the mid-1970s.
B)now makes up about one third of the number of students receiving special education.
C)has remained fairly stable during the past 30 years.
D)has more than tripled since the mid-1980s.

Question 16

Examples of high-incidence exceptionalities include all of the following EXCEPT

A)communication disorders.
B)learning disabilities.
C)autism spectrum disorder.
D)mild intellectual disabilities.

Question 17

In Canada,there has been a shift away from terms such as "disabled" or "handicapped" and towards the term "exceptional" because

A)these terms are derogatory.
B)these are American terms.
C)students can't both have an exceptionality and be and gifted.
D)there is an increasing focus on student strengths.

Question 18

When special education works as it should,the outcome for students is

A)the ability to hide their exceptionalities.
B)the eradication of their exceptionalities.
C)to be with students more like themselves.
D)improved achievement and behaviour.

Question 19

Prevalence refers to

A)the number of individuals having a particular exceptionality.
B)the probability of having a child with a particular exceptionality.
C)the percentage of a population having a particular exceptionality.
D)the distribution of exceptionalities across different segments of the population.

Question 20

Increases in autism have probably resulted from

A)a national epidemic.
B)improved identification procedures.
C)increases in TV watching.
D)changes in the definition of autism.

Question 21

The key to improving special education is

A)knowledge of special education law.
B)management of serious behaviour problems.
C)delivery of exceptional instruction.
D)use of technological advances.

Question 22

In the prerevolutionary era in Europe and America,what goal predominated in the actions of society towards people with exceptionalities?

A)protection
B)inclusion
C)prevention
D)adaptation

Question 23

Jasper is a ten year-old student with an intellectual disability.If he is placed in the least restrictive environment,he will receive instruction in

A)a regular classroom for the whole day.
B)a regular classroom with consultation by a special educator.
C)both a regular classroom and a resource room.
D)the setting that best meets his educational needs.

Question 24

Although variations exist from province to province,most students with exceptionalities are placed

A)in regular classrooms.
B)in self-contained classrooms.
C)in special day schools.
D)in a residential school.

Question 25

The development of special education was influenced by political and societal ideals such as

A)democracy.
B)survival of the fittest.
C)individual freedom.
D)egalitarianism.

Question 26

The special education intervention that requires the least specialized environment is

A)consultation by a special educator.
B)instruction by an itinerant teacher.
C)instruction in a resource room.
D)instruction by a regular classroom teacher.

Question 27

Of the following,the special education intervention that highest level of specialization is

A)instruction by an itinerant teacher.
B)instruction by a resource teacher.
C)consultation by a special educator.
D)instruction in a self-contained special education classroom.

Question 28

Older teenagers with exceptionalities are more likely to receive education in special and separate environments for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

A)They tend to have more severe exceptionalities.
B)Regular classes may not be available for these students in all school systems.
C)These students typically exhibit conduct disorder.
D)Educational programs are often offered off high school campuses.

Question 29

Mr.Pond's teaching job requires him to move from school to school,visiting classrooms to instruct students with exceptionalities and to consult with regular classroom teachers.What job does Mr.Pond have?

A)He is a resource teacher.
B)He is a speech and language consultant.
C)He is an itinerant teacher.
D)He is a school psychologist.

Question 30

Regardless of whether a teacher is specifically trained in special education,she may expected to support students with exceptionalities in all of the following ways EXCEPT

A)making an effort to accommodate individual students' needs.
B)evaluating academic abilities.
C)participating in writing IEPs.
D)diagnosing mild exceptionalities.

Question 31

Homebound instruction is most often utilized for students who have

A)a visual impairment.
B)physical disabilities.
C)intellectual disabilities.
D)a hearing impairment.

Question 32

The collaborative model used most often by schools is

A)co-teaching.
B)collaborative consultation.
C)working with itinerant teachers.
D)working with resource teachers.

Question 33

Leslie is enrolled in a regular classroom,but works with a special education teacher in a special education classroom for an hour a day.What type of special education services does Leslie receive?

A)She receives itinerant services.
B)She receives resource services.
C)She receives consultation services.
D)She receives services in a self-contained class.

Question 34

Before making a referral for special education,a regular classroom teacher should do all of the following EXCEPT

A)modify or adapt the student's instructional program.
B)communicate concerns to parents.
C)examine the student's school record.
D)decide on a diagnosis.

Question 35

Estella has a learning disability.Her primary placement is most likely a

A)self-contained special education class.
B)regular classroom.
C)resource room.
D)special day school.

Question 36

Most historians trace the beginning of special education as we know it today to

A)Philippe Pinel.
B)Edouard Seguin.
C)Jean-Marc Gaspard Itard.
D)Thomas Gallaudet.

Question 37

A student who performs or behaves poorly in school and appears likely to fail or fall short of his or her potential is considered to be

A)at risk.
B)exceptional.
C)handicapped.
D)challenged.

Question 38

Educational services and placement for exceptional students depends on

A)student characteristics and school/community resources.
B)teacher attitudes and student preferences.
C)both student and parental preferences.
D)the category of exceptionality and parental preferences.

Question 39

The historical roots of special education are found primarily in the

A)1700s.
B)early 1800s.
C)late 1800s.
D)1900s.

Question 40

Ms.Smith,a second grade teacher,has concerns about Bruce's progress in math.Before she makes a referral for special education,she must

A)discuss her concerns with Bruce.
B)administer an intelligence test.
C)discuss her concerns with Bruce's parents.
D)wait until he fails the grade.

Question 41

Each of the following components must be included on an IEP EXCEPT

A)annual goals.
B)related services to be provided.
C)the student's IQ score.
D)instructional objectives.

Question 42

Parent organizations have served three primary functions.One of these has been

A)supporting teachers of children with exceptionalities.
B)evaluating special education programs.
C)donating funds for innovative programs.
D)providing information about services and resources.

Question 43

Which federal provision in the United States requires that children with exceptionalities be provided with a free,appropriate public education?

A)Fourteenth Amendment
B)IDEA
C)Americans with Disabilities Act
D)Civil Rights Act

Question 44

We know considerably more today about how to educate exceptional learners than we did ten years ago.

Question 45

Most of the earliest special educators were trained as

A)ministers or priests.
B)physicians.
C)regular classroom teachers.
D)social workers.

Question 46

Which of the following accomplishments is associated with IDEA?

A)requirement that schools provide individualized programs in the least restrictive environment for all students with exceptionalities
B)provision of free educational services to children with exceptionalities from birth to age 21
C)prohibition of discrimination against people with exceptionalities in schools,businesses,or recreational facilities
D)requirement that schools provide a free,appropriate public education for all exceptional students,including those with gifts and talents

Question 47

Under IDEA,each state and locality must have a plan to ensure all of the following EXCEPT

A)screening all students for possible exceptionalities.
B)protecting parents' rights to informed consent.
C)providing services to equal numbers of males and females.
D)providing training for personnel in meeting the needs of students with exceptionalities.

Question 48

Effective national parent organizations have existed in the United States since

A)1800.
B)1920.
C)1950.
D)1975.

Question 49

Because of the widely accepted theory of normal development,quite a few definite statements can be made about exceptional learners.

Question 50

In Canada,the rights of individuals with exceptionalities to equal benefit,including education,is guaranteed by

A)federal education laws.
B)provincial education laws.
C)the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
D)the Canadian Constitution.

Question 51

Itard is best known for his work with

A)Victor,the "wild boy" from France.
B)students who were deaf.
C)Laura Bridgman,a girl who was both deaf and blind.
D)students with physical disabilities.

Question 52

In the vast majority of cases,we are unable to identify the exact reason why a child is exceptional.

Question 53

The U.S.physician,educator,and political and social reformer who taught Laura Bridgman (who was deaf and blind)and helped found the Perkins School for the Blind was

A)Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet.
B)Edouard Seguin.
C)Philippe Pinel.
D)Samuel Gridley Howe.

Question 54

What was one of Elizabeth Farrell's contributions to special education?

A)developed an early childhood curriculum
B)organized a parent lobby for children with exceptionalities
C)founded the Council for Exceptional Children
D)developed a technique for teaching children who were both blind and deaf

Question 55

Schools must provide an individualized program for each student who requires special education services.This means that

A)each student must receive instruction on a one-to-one basis.
B)an educational plan must be written for each student.
C)one individual must be responsible for each student's education.
D)the portion of the program that is individualized must be delivered by a teacher who is certified in special education.

Question 56

The first special educators provided many of the ideas that form the foundation for special education practice today.They include all of the following EXCEPT

A)individualized instruction.
B)structured arrangement of the learning environment.
C)placement in the least restrictive environment.
D)emphasis on functional,life skills.

Question 57

Which one of the following accomplishments is associated with the Americans with Disabilities Act?

A)mandate for early childhood special education
B)requirement that public transportation be made accessible to people with exceptionalities
C)provision of transition services to facilitate movement from school to work for people with exceptionalities
D)funding to provide technological assistance (e.g. ,computers,wheel chairs)to people with exceptionalities

Question 58

The study of exceptional children is the study of differences,but it is also the study of similarities.

Question 59

Which of the following represents the correct position of IEP development within the planning of special education services?

A)placement,development of IEP,evaluation
B)development of IEP,evaluation,placement
C)evaluation,development of IEP,placement
D)evaluation,placement,development of IEP

Question 60

All of the following events in the early 20th century influenced the growth of special education EXCEPT

A)the increased use of mental tests.
B)compulsory school attendance laws.
C)the growth of the disciplines of psychology and sociology.
D)injuries resulting from the Civil War.

Question 61

The prevalence of most exceptionalities is uncertain.

Question 62

An exceptionality is always a handicap.

Question 63

By definition,exceptional learners require special education or related services to realize their full human potential.

Question 64

Public schools may choose to NOT provide education for children with exceptionalities.

Question 65

A child with an exceptionality should be placed in the least restrictive environment (LRE).

Question 66

Curt's IEP (p.24)contains the essential components including present levels of performance and measurable goals and objectives.

Question 67

Most students with exceptionalities spend the majority of their school day in separate,special education classrooms.

Question 68

According to Hallahan and Kauffman,good or reformed general education can replace special education even for students at the extreme range of exceptionalities.

Question 69

All Canadian provinces and territories promote inclusive education in their policies.

Question 70

Individualized education programs (IEPs)are similar in content for all students with exceptionalities.

Question 71

Students must be diagnosed with an exceptionality in order to receive special education services.

Question 72

In Canada,federal law regulates the education of students with exceptionalities.

Question 73

There is a clear distinction between "at risk" and "exceptional."

Question 74

All disabilities are an inability to do something,and every inability to do something is a disability.

Question 75

Effective national parents' organizations have existed in Canada only since about 1950.

Question 76

By law,all public school systems must make extensive efforts to screen and identify all children and youth of school age who have exceptionalities.

Question 77

The term "handicap" refers to a disadvantage that is imposed on an individual.

Question 78

According to Hallahan and Kauffman,the least restrictive environment (LRE)is always the regular classroom.

Question 79

Litigation is now focused on ensuring that every child receives an education appropriate for his or her individual needs.

Question 80

General education teachers are not responsible for teaching students with exceptionalities.