Question 1

In the accompanying photomicrograph of a peptic ulcer,the tissue in the base of the ulcer labelled &#34;Sl&#34; is most likely to contain which one of the following materials or cell types?  &#10;A)Fibroblasts&#10;B)Gastric epithelium&#10;C)Necrotic cell debris and fibrin&#10;D)Neutrophils&#10;E)Pancreatic glands

Accepted Answer

The base of the ulcer should contain necrotic cell debris and fibrin.Repair occurs beneath this "slough" area,with vascular granulation tissue (V)and fibrous scar (Sc).

Question 2

In the accompanying photomicrograph of healing soft tissue,the cells labelled &#34;P&#34; comprise which one of the following cell populations?  &#10;A)Eosinophils&#10;B)Fibroblasts&#10;C)Macrophages&#10;D)Neutrophils&#10;E)Plasma cells

Accepted Answer

Plasma cells are often called "mononuclear" cells and are a certain sign of a chronic inflammatory process.

Question 3

Plasma cells are primarily responsible for which one of the following physiologic functions?&#10;A)Antibody production&#10;B)Collagen production&#10;C)Cytokine production&#10;D)Non-specific killing of invading bacteria&#10;E)Ingestion of dead or damaged tissue

Accepted Answer

Plasma cells are responsible for antibody production,which can result in the specific killing of bacteriANon-specific killing is done by the neutrophils via their myeloperoxidase system.Cytokines are largely produced by lymphocytes and macrophages.

Question 4

In the accompanying photomicrograph of healing soft tissue,the mononuclear cells labelled &#34;L&#34; comprise which one of the following cell populations?  &#10;A)Eosinophils&#10;B)Fibroblasts&#10;C)Lymphocytes&#10;D)Macrophages&#10;E)Neutrophils&#10;F)Plasma cells

Accepted Answer

Lymphocytes are often called "mononuclear" cells,because of their small,round nuclei and are commonly found in chronic inflammatory processes.They are also encountered in normal tissues such as the GI tract and lymphoid organs (lymph nodes and spleen).

Question 5

Which one of the following inciting events is most likely to give rise to granulomatous inflammation?&#10;A)Chronic active hepatitis B&#10;B)Peptic ulcer&#10;C)Streptococcal (pneumococcal)pneumonia&#10;D)Staphylococcus skin infection&#10;E)Tuberculosis

Accepted Answer

Tuberculosis is well known for causing granulomatous inflammation,largely because of the inability of macrophages to kill the intracellular organism.Streptococcus and Staphylococcus are well known pyogenic organisms,which mainly generate a neutrophilic responsE

Question 6

In the accompanying photomicrograph of a tuberculous granuloma,the multi-nucleated giant cell in the middle is derived from which one of the following cells?  &#10;A)Epithelioid macrophage&#10;B)Lymphocyte&#10;C)Neutrophil&#10;D)Plasma cell&#10;E)T cell

Accepted Answer

Epithelioid macrophages fuse to form the characteristic Langhans' giant cell,which is characteristically seen in tuberculosis infections.The nuclei are typically arranged in a horseshoe fashion,and mycobacteria can occasionally be found within the cell's cytoplasm.

Question 7

In the accompanying photomicrograph of healing soft tissue,the cells labelled &#34;E&#34; comprise which one of the following cell populations?  &#10;A)Eosinophils&#10;B)Fibroblasts&#10;C)Lymphocytes&#10;D)Macrophages&#10;E)Neutrophils &#10;F)Plasma cells

Accepted Answer

The cells with bilobated nuclei and eosinophilic granular cytoplasm are eosinophils.Although they are usually thought of as being involved in parasitic infections or allergic reactions,they are commonly encountered in normal tissue such as the GI tract and in granulation tissuEDespite their relationship to neutrophils,they should not be considered a sign of acute inflammation.

Question 8

In the accompanying high power photomicrograph of a lymph node,taken from a patient with sarcoidosis,the multi-nucleated giant cell labelled "A" contains a characteristic inclusion body known as which one of the following?

A)Apoptotic body
B)Asteroid body
C)Eosinophilic body
D)Negri body
E)Schaumann body

Accepted Answer

The inclusion body illustrated is known as an asteroid body.Although characteristic,they are not absolutely pathognomonic of sarcoidosis (i.E,not exclusive to sarcoidosis).

Question 9

Which one of the following cells is the most characteristic of granulomatous inflammation?&#10;A)Epithelioid macrophage&#10;B)Lymphocyte&#10;C)Neutrophil&#10;D)Plasma cell&#10;E)T cell

Accepted Answer

The defining feature of granulomatous inflammation is the epithelioid macrophage or histiocytEGiant cells that are derived from this same cell may also form.Although lymphocytes are involved in the formation of a granuloma,they are not considered to be the characteristic cell.

Deck 3: Chronic Inflammation