Question 1

Persistent,intrusive,uncontrollable thoughts that an individual recognizes as a product of his or her own mind are called&#10;A) compulsions.&#10;B) delusions.&#10;C) obsessions.&#10;D) hallucinations.

Accepted Answer

Obsessions are strong,persistent,intrusive,uncontrollable thoughts.Compulsions are repetitive,ritualistic behaviors (e.g.,handwashing,ordering,checking)or mental acts (e.g.,praying,counting,repeating words silently)that the person performs with urgency and rigidly.Delusions are not persistent,intrusive,uncontrollable thoughts.Hallucinations are not persistent,intrusive,uncontrollable thoughts that an individual recognizes as a product of his or her own mind.

Question 2

It is true that panic disorders&#10;A) are diagnosed more often in women.&#10;B) are diagnosed more often in men.&#10;C) generally occur after age 45.&#10;D) are common in the elderly.

Accepted Answer

Depending on the subtype,panic disorder is diagnosed two to three times more often in women than in men.Panic disorders are diagnosed more often in women.Initial onset usually occurs in late adolescence or young adulthood,with a mean age of onset of 26.6 years.Initial symptom onset in older age adults is less typical.

Question 3

Which disorders are classified as anxiety related? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) Panic&#10;B) Generalized anxiety&#10;C) Obsessive-compulsive&#10;D) Borderline personality&#10;E) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Accepted Answer

Panic disorder is characterized by acute episodes of anxiety.Generalized anxiety disorder is considered to be anxiety related.Obsessive-compulsive disorder is considered to be an anxiety disorder.Borderline personality is not associated with anxiety disorders.ADHD is a common childhood psychiatric disorder.

Question 4

Tachycardia is a common finding in individuals with&#10;A) panic attacks.&#10;B) generalized anxiety disorder.&#10;C) obsessive-compulsive disorder.&#10;D) bipolar disorder.

Accepted Answer

Physical symptoms of panic disorder include heart palpitations and tachycardia in addition to chest pains.Palpitations may occur in generalized anxiety disorder.The hallmarks of OCD are obsessions and compulsions.Bipolar disorder is not typically associated with cardiac symptoms.

Question 5

Early treatment of panic anxiety disorder focuses on&#10;A) the use of sedative agents.&#10;B) cognitive-behavioral therapy.&#10;C) dopamine antagonistic medications.&#10;D) the use of respiratory stimulants.

Accepted Answer

Panic anxiety disorder can be effectively managed with cognitive-behavioral therapy aimed at reducing fearful thinking and desensitization of cognitive and physical stress responses.When panic symptoms are disabling,medication for symptom management is recommended.Long-acting benzodiazepines,such as clonazepam,are the sedatives of choice when short-term calming and symptom relief are mandatory.Many atypical psychiatric medications that can target serotonin,dopamine,or norepinephrine receptors have been clinically tested and shown to be effective treatment for anxiety symptoms.Respiratory stimulants have not been found to be effective in early treatment of panic anxiety disorders.

Question 6

In individuals dealing with obsessive-compulsive disorder,____ are most bothered by both obsessions and compulsions.&#10;A) 20%&#10;B) 28%&#10;C) 50%&#10;D) 90%

Accepted Answer

Fifty percent of people with OCD are most bothered by both obsessions and compulsions.Twenty percent are bothered by compulsions only.Twenty-eight percent of people with OCD are bothered by obsessions only.Ninety percent of patients have features of both obsessions and compulsions.

Question 7

As many as ____ of children in the United States aged 3 to 17 years are affected by some type of neurodevelopmental disorder.&#10;A) 5%&#10;B) 12%&#10;C) 25%&#10;D) 30%

Accepted Answer

As many as 12% of children in the United States aged 3 to 17 years are affected by at least one neurodevelopmental disorder,such as ADHD,a learning disorder,or an intellectual disability.More than 5% of children in the United States are affected by some type of neurodevelopmental disorder.Less than 25% of children are affected by neurodevelopmental disorders.Less than 30% of children in the United States are affected by some type of neurodevelopmental disorder.

Question 8

Children with social or communication deficits,fixated interests,and repetitive behaviors are likely exhibiting symptoms of&#10;A) attention deficient hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).&#10;B) a learning disorder.&#10;C) inattention.&#10;D) autism spectrum disorder.

Accepted Answer

Autism spectrum disorder is defined by a common set of behaviors: social/communication deficits and fixated interests and repetitive behaviors.ADHD is characterized by difficulty staying focused and paying attention,difficulty controlling behavior,and hyperactivity (over-activity).Learning disorders are a form of neurodevelopmental disorders in children.Inattention is not exhibited by social or communication deficits.

Question 9

A person who frequently spends hours each day attending to hand hygiene is referred to as a&#10;A) hoarder.&#10;B) washer.&#10;C) checker.&#10;D) counter.

Accepted Answer

"Washers" constitute 25% to 50% of the OCD samples and are concerned with dirt,contaminants,and germs; the person frequently spends hours each day washing hands or showering."Hoarding," the inability to dispossess meaningless,worthless objects,is one example of more complex compulsions."Checkers" compulsively check to see if they have done something,such as run over someone with a car or left the door unlocked.One syndrome of OCD is related to excessive counting or ordering.

Question 10

The most common childhood psychiatric disorder is&#10;A) bipolar disorder.&#10;B) attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.&#10;C) autism spectrum disorder.&#10;D) psychosis.

Accepted Answer

ADHD is the most common childhood psychiatric disorder.It typically begins in childhood and continues throughout adolescence and adulthood.The most common childhood psychiatric disorder is not bipolar disorder.Autism spectrum disorder is not the most common childhood psychiatric disorder.Psychosis is not the most common childhood psychiatric disorder.

Question 11

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder&#10;A) are not aware that obsessive thoughts are from their own brains.&#10;B) may become highly anxious if prevented from performing rituals.&#10;C) have disordered thinking and poor reality orientation.&#10;D) have a severe, unmanageable psychotic illness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder&#10;A) are not aware...

Question 12

Which statements are true about posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) PTSD occurs up to 1 month after an event.&#10;B) PTSD is an acute condition.&#10;C) Remission may take as long as 3 to 4 years.&#10;D) Women appear to take longer to recover from PTSD than men.&#10;E) Acute stress disorder and PTSD are precipitated by a traumatic event.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statements are true about posttraumatic stress...

Question 13

A patient who experiences sudden-onset,acute fearfulness for no apparent reason has a disorder called&#10;A) generalized anxiety disorder.&#10;B) phobia.&#10;C) panic disorder.&#10;D) posttraumatic stress disorder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient who experiences sudden-onset,acute fearfulness for...

Question 14

The fearful expectation of panic anxiety is known as&#10;A) a nervous breakdown.&#10;B) anticipatory anxiety.&#10;C) a phobia.&#10;D) avoidance anxiety.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fearful expectation of panic anxiety is...

Question 15

PET scans performed on the brains of individuals diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)have shown&#10;A) decreases in glucose metabolism.&#10;B) increases in glucose metabolism.&#10;C) increases in serotonin activity.&#10;D) decreases in serotonin activity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of PET scans performed on the brains of...

Question 16

An anxiety disorder that is precipitated by a traumatic event is known as&#10;A) generalized anxiety disorder.&#10;B) posttraumatic stress disorder.&#10;C) panic disorder.&#10;D) phobia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An anxiety disorder that is precipitated by...

Question 17

Studies on brain neuroanatomy and neurocircuitry suggest that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)patients show ________________ left hippocampus volumes compared with control subjects.&#10;A) decreased right and&#10;B) increased right and&#10;C) decreased right and increased&#10;D) increased right and decreased

Accepted Answer

The answer of Studies on brain neuroanatomy and neurocircuitry suggest...

Question 18

The first-line treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)is&#10;A) adrenergic blockers.&#10;B) benzodiazepines&#10;C) tricyclic antidepressants.&#10;D) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first-line treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder...

Question 19

Repetitive or ritualistic acts that a person performs with urgency are referred to as&#10;A) obsessions.&#10;B) delusions.&#10;C) hallucinations.&#10;D) compulsions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Repetitive or ritualistic acts that a person...

Deck 49: Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses