Deck 14: Alterations in Homeostasis and Blood Coagulation

Question 1

Activation of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by

A) platelet factors.
B) collagen exposure.
C) tissue thromboplastin.
D) factor VII.

Answer 1

tissue thromboplastin.

Question 2

A normal bleeding time in association with normal platelet count,and increased prothrombin time (PT)and INR,is indicative of

A) vitamin K deficiency.
B) hemophilia B.
C) hemophilia A.
D) idiopathic thrombocytopenia.

Answer 2

vitamin K deficiency.

Question 3

Dysfunction of which organ would lead to clotting factor deficiency?

A) Liver
B) Kidney
C) Spleen
D) Pancreas

Answer 3

Liver

Question 4

Which involves bleeding associated with vascular or platelet defects? (Select all that apply.)

A) Bleeding that occurs immediately after trauma
B) Bleeding that involves skin or mucous membranes
C) Bleeding that is brief in duration
D) Bleeding that is delayed
E) Bleeding into muscles or joints

Question 5

Widespread activation of the clotting cascade secondary to massive trauma is called

A) hemophilia B.
B) disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
C) Hageman disease.
D) idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura.

Question 6

A patient is diagnosed with a tortuous blood vessel of the right hand that bleeds spontaneously.This patient presents with

A) petechiae.
B) purpura.
C) telangiectasia.
D) thrombocytosis.

Question 7

Disseminated intravascular coagulation may be treated with heparin therapy to

A) enhance fibrinolysis.
B) inhibit clotting factor consumption.
C) activate platelets.
D) enhance liver synthesis of clotting factors.

Question 8

Treatment for hemophilia A includes

A) heparin administration.
B) factor IX replacement.
C) factor VIII replacement.
D) platelet transfusion.

Question 9

The megakaryocyte is a precursor to

A) factor IX.
B) white blood cells.
C) red blood cells.
D) platelets.

Question 10

The prothrombin time (PT)and INR (international normalized ratio)measure the integrity of

A) platelet function.
B) extrinsic pathway.
C) intrinsic pathway.
D) fibrinolysis.

Question 11

The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)is a measure of the integrity of

A) the extrinsic pathway.
B) the intrinsic pathway.
C) factor VIII synthesis.
D) plasminogen.

Question 12

A commonly ingested substance associated with prolongation of the bleeding time is

A) acetaminophen.
B) tobacco.
C) caffeine.
D) aspirin.

Question 13

A 3-year-old boy who exhibits prolonged bleeding after minor trauma and a prolonged aPTT,but a normal platelet count,is likely to be diagnosed with

A) hemophilia.
B) liver dysfunction.
C) disseminated intravascular coagulation.
D) thrombocytopenia.

Question 14

A cause of thrombocytopenia includes

A) hypoxemia.
B) reduced erythropoietin.
C) chemotherapy.
D) secondary polycythemia.

Question 15

What is involved in the release of plasminogen activators? (Select all that apply.)

A) Factor X
B) Factor XII
C) HMWK
D) Kallikrein
E) Thrombin

Question 16

A newborn has melena,bleeding from the umbilicus,and hematuria.The newborn most likely experiencing

A) vitamin K deficiency bleeding.
B) acquired vitamin K deficiency.
C) von Willebrand disease.
D) disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Question 17

A patient presents to the physician's office with pinpoint hemorrhages on the skin.The patient is most likely between the ages of _____ years.

A) 6 months and 2
B) 4 and 7
C) 15 and 18
D) 25 and 45

Question 18

The final step in clot formation is

A) conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.
B) platelet degranulation and adhesion.
C) conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.
D) clot retraction.

Question 19

The conversion of plasminogen to plasmin results in

A) clot retraction.
B) fibrinolysis.
C) platelet aggregation.
D) activation of thrombin.

Question 20

A deficiency of von Willebrand factor impairs

A) activation of the coagulation cascade.
B) platelet aggregation.
C) platelet adhesion to injured tissue.
D) platelet production.

Question 21

A male patient involved in a motor vehicle accident is brought to the emergency department with acute flank pain.What additional signs of bleeding may the patient exhibit? (Select all that apply.)

A) Hematuria
B) Melena
C) Hematemesis
D) Menorrhagia
E) Hemoptysis

Question 22

Which diseases may be associated with a bleeding problem? (Select all that apply.)

A) Urinary retention
B) Renal failure
C) Cirrhosis
D) Systemic lupus erythematosus
E) Ovarian cancer

Question 23

Hemophilia B is also known as Christmas disease.

Question 24

The liver is responsible for the synthesis of coagulation factors,with the exception of part of VIII.