Deck 23: Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders

Question 1

The primary cause of infant respiratory distress syndrome is

A) prematurity.
B) lack of surfactant.
C) maternal illegal drug use during pregnancy.
D) umbilical cord compression.

Answer 1

lack of surfactant.

Question 2

Which is indicative of a left tension pneumothorax?

A) Course crackles throughout the left chest
B) Tracheal deviation to the left
C) Absent breath sounds on the left
D) Respiratory acidosis

Answer 2

Absent breath sounds on the left

Question 3

The organism that causes pulmonary tuberculosis is

A) Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
B) Haemophilus tuberculosis.
C) Tuberculosis tuberculoci.
D) Mycococcidio tuberculosis.

Answer 3

Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Question 4

Bacterial pneumonia leads to hypoxemia caused by

A) cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
B) upper airway obstruction.
C) accumulation of alveolar exudates.
D) interstitial edema.

Question 5

The most definitive diagnostic method for active tuberculosis is acquired via

A) sputum culture.
B) Mantoux skin test.
C) chest x-ray.
D) blood culture.

Question 6

A patient with flail chest will demonstrate

A) absence of chest movement with breaths.
B) no inspiratory breath sounds.
C) fluttering chest movements on expirations.
D) outward chest movement on expiration.

Question 7

Obstructive sleep apnea would most likely be found in a patient diagnosed with

A) myasthenia gravis.
B) poliomyelitis.
C) Pickwickian syndrome.
D) pneumonia.

Question 8

Pneumocystitis is a term that refers to a

A) fungal pneumonia secondary to HIV.
B) viral pneumonia found in transplant recipients.
C) non-infectious inflammation in the lung.
D) pneumonia secondary to bladder infection.

Question 9

Legionnaires disease is characterized by

A) presence of systemic illness.
B) airborne mechanism of communicability.
C) mild symptomatology.
D) resolution with or without antimicrobial therapy.

Question 10

Which clinical manifestation is not likely the result of a tuberculosis infection?

A) Productive cough
B) Low-grade fever
C) Night sweats
D) Cyanosis

Question 11

Widespread atelectasis,non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema,and diffuse,fluffy alveolar infiltrates on chest radiograph are characteristic of

A) acute respiratory distress syndrome.
B) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
C) asthma.
D) cor pulmonale.

Question 12

A patient exhibiting respiratory distress as well as a tracheal shift should be evaluated for

A) pneumonia.
B) pneumothorax.
C) pulmonary edema.
D) pulmonary embolus.

Question 13

The characteristic x-ray findings in tuberculosis include

A) diffuse white-out.
B) Ghon tubercles.
C) bibasilar infiltrates.
D) tracheal deviation.

Question 14

Viral pneumonia is characterized by

A) a productive cough.
B) a dry cough.
C) exudative consolidation.
D) significant ventilation-perfusion imbalance.

Question 15

Neuromuscular disorders impair lung function primarily because of

A) inflammatory events in the lung.
B) secondary pneumonia.
C) weak muscles of respiration.
D) inactivity secondary to the disorder.

Question 16

A patient with a productive cough and parenchymal infiltrates on x-ray is demonstrating symptomology of

A) bacterial pneumonia.
B) viral pneumonia.
C) tuberculosis.
D) acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Question 17

Empyema is defined as an

A) exudative bronchitis.
B) infection in the pleural space.
C) infection localized in the lung.
D) infection in the blood.

Question 18

Which disorder is caused by inhalation of organic substances?

A) Diffuse interstitial lung disease
B) Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
C) Sarcoidosis
D) Acute respiratory distress syndrome

Question 19

The hallmark manifestation of acute respiratory distress syndrome is

A) tachycardia.
B) hypotension.
C) frothy secretions.
D) hypoxemia.

Question 20

A major cause of treatment failure in tuberculosis is

A) resistant organism.
B) allergy to drugs used.
C) noncompliance.
D) immunosuppression.

Question 21

Common characteristics of sarcoidosis include (Select all that apply.)

A) presence of CD4⁺ T cells.
B) a non-productive cough.
C) leukocytosis.
D) granulomas in multiple body systems.
E) fatigue, weight loss, and fever.

Question 22

Restrictive respiratory disorders include (Select all that apply.)

A) pneumothorax.
B) emphysema.
C) chronic asthma.
D) type B COPD.
E) ARDS.

Question 23

Air that enters the pleural space during inspiration but is unable to exit during expiration creates a condition called

A) tension pneumothorax.
B) open pneumothorax.
C) pleural effusion.
D) empyema.

Question 24

It is true that diffuse interstitial lung disease (Select all that apply.)

A) leads to loss of alveolar walls.
B) may be immunologic in nature.
C) produces a productive cough.
D) is always reversible.
E) shows on x-ray as a "honeycomb lung."

Question 25

A restrictive respiratory disorder is characterized by

A) increased total lung capacity.
B) decreased residual volume.
C) inspiratory wheezing.
D) expiratory wheezing.

Question 26

Clinical manifestations of pleural effusion include (Select all that apply.)

A) dyspnea.
B) sharp pain in expiration.
C) productive cough.
D) diminished breath sounds.
E) a tracheal shift, if large.

Question 27

Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space is called

A) an abscess.
B) pleurisy.
C) flail chest.
D) pleural effusion.

Question 28

A major risk factor for the development of active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)disease is

A) contaminated water.
B) immunosuppression.
C) being a male.
D) overuse of antibiotics.

Question 29

Chronic occupational lung disease is characterized by (Select all that apply.)

A) causation from long-term inhalation of inorganic material.
B) a latent period before symptoms occur.
C) hyperactive respiratory macrophages.
D) a progressive cough and dyspnea with exercise.
E) possible negative chest x-ray when symptom-free.

Question 30

A common characteristic of viral pneumonia is

A) high fever.
B) alveolar infiltrates on a chest x-ray.
C) increased white blood cell count.
D) dry cough.

Question 31

When a parent of a toddler recently diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia asks why their child is so much sicker than a classmate was when they were diagnosed with pneumonia,the nurse replies

A) "It sounds as if the classmate was just lucky and less exposed at daycare."
B) "It sounds like your child has a case of bacterial pneumonia, while the classmate had viral pneumonia."
C) "It sounds as if your child is having a severe reaction to bacterial pneumonia. It hits some children harder than others."
D) "It sounds as if your child has a case of viral pneumonia, while the classmate had bacterial pneumonia."