Deck 2: Reproduction and Chromosome Transmission

Question 1

Cell division in prokaryotic cells is called ________,while in eukaryotic cells it is called ________.

A) binary fission; binary fission
B) binary fission; mitosis
C) mitosis; mitosis
D) mitosis; binary fission

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Select traits associated with prokaryotic cells.Check all that apply.

A) Genetic information is contained within a nucleoid region.
B) Genetic material is organized as a single circular chromosome.
C) They have a cell wall surrounding their plasma membrane.
D) They have membrane-bound organelles in their cytoplasm.

Answer 2

A,B,C

Question 3

Which of the following would contain genetic material that is 100% identical?

A) homologous chromosomes
B) sister chromatids
C) X and Y chromosomes
D) All of these choices are identical.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Select the phase when sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell.

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 5

Select the phases that are part of interphase.Check all that apply.

A) G₁ phase
B) G₂ phase
C) S phase
D) Metaphase

Question 6

The process of binary fission is primarily used for asexual reproduction in ________.

A) prokaryotes
B) eukaryotes

Question 7

During this phase of the cell cycle,the sister chromatids are formed in

A) G₁ phase
B) G₂ phase
C) S phase
D) Prophase
E) Cytokinesis

Question 8

Select the phase when the nuclear membrane starts to disassociate.

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 9

The location of a gene on a chromosome is called its ________.

A) karyotype
B) allele
C) locus
D) homolog

Question 10

Select the characteristics that are true of restriction points.Check all that apply.

A) An example is the boundary between G₁ and S phase.
B) In many cases molecular changes must be present at this point for the cell to continue through the cell cycle.
C) Cells passing this point are committed to the next stage of the cell cycle.
D) Cells passing this point can reverse to an earlier phase of the cell cycle.

Question 11

Organelles are ________.

A) structures that contain the genetic material
B) membrane-bound compartments of eukaryotic cells
C) the region that contains the DNA in prokaryotic cells
D) the outer, rigid covering of a prokaryotic cell

Question 12

Cytokinesis in animals occurs through the formation of a ________,whereas in plants a ________ forms.

A) cleavage furrow; cell plate
B) cell plate; cleavage furrow
C) cleavage furrow; kinetochore
D) kinetochore; cell plate

Question 13

Select the phase when the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell.

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 14

Select the cells that are eukaryotic.Check all that apply.

A) bacteria
B) fungi
C) protists
D) plants
E) animals

Question 15

A cytogeneticist would primarily do which of the following?

A) study the distribution of traits in a population
B) study the evolutionary changes in a specific trait
C) examine chromosomes using a karyotype
D) determine the genetic sequence of a specific gene

Question 16

Select the phase when chromosomes start to condense.

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 17

During sexual reproduction,each parent contributes one set of chromosomes.Similar chromosomes from each parent are called ________.

A) karyotypes
B) sister chromatids
C) homologs
D) sex chromosomes

Question 18

Select the phase during which the centrosomes move to opposite poles of the cell.

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 19

A karyotype is a(n)________.

A) organelle of eukaryotic cells
B) stage of prophase I in meiosis
C) division of the cytoplasmic material following mitosis
D) photographic representation of the chromosomes of a cell

Question 20

Select the phase when the nuclear membrane reforms around the chromosomes.

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 21

The process of crossing over occurs during which of the following?

A) diakinesis
B) diplotene
C) pachytene
D) zygotene
E) leptotene

Question 22

If the gametes of an organism are different morphologically,they are said to be ________.

A) isogamous
B) heterogamous
C) diploid
D) haploid

Question 23

The bivalent structure forms during which of the following?

A) leptotene
B) zygotene
C) pachytene
D) diplotene
E) diakinesis

Question 24

In plants,spore production occurs by

A) spermatogenesis
B) meiosis
C) mitosis
D) binary fission
E) oogenesis

Question 25

Which of the following occurs during leptotene of prophase I?

A) The homologous chromosomes recognize one another by synapsis.
B) Crossing over occurs.
C) The replicated chromosomes condense.
D) The synaptonemal complex dissociates.

Question 26

Which of the following indicates the correct order of these events?

A) Anaphase - Telophase - Prophase - Prometaphase - Metaphase
B) Telophase - Prometaphase - Prophase - Metaphase - Anaphase
C) Metaphase - Prometaphase - Prophase - Anaphase - Telophase
D) Prophase - Prometaphase - Metaphase - Anaphase - Telophase

Question 27

The end result of meiosis in animals is ________.

A) two diploid cells
B) two haploid cells
C) four diploid cells
D) four haploid cells

Question 28

A pollen grain in a plant represents the ________.

A) male gametophyte
B) female gametophyte
C) male sporophyte
D) female sporophyte

Question 29

During sexual reproduction,gametes are made that contain ________ amount of genetic material as a somatic cell in the organism.

A) twice the
B) half the
C) the same
D) a quarter of the

Question 30

The physical structure that is formed when two chromatids cross over is called a(n)________.

A) synaptomenal complex
B) bivalent
C) karyotype
D) chiasma

Question 31

Which of the following represents the correct order of events during prophase I?

A) Pachytene - diplotene - diakinesis - leptotene - zygotene
B) Leptotene - zygotene - pachytene - diplotene - diakinesis
C) zygotene - leptotene - pachytene - diakinesis - diplotene
D) Diplotene - pachytene - leptotene - diakinesis - zygotene

Question 32

Oogenesis is a gametogenic process in which cells undergo ________ to produce ________.

A) binary fission; sperm cells
B) mitosis; egg cells
C) meiosis; egg cells
D) meiosis; sperm cells
E) mitosis; sperm cells

Question 33

Select the phase when the microtubules of the spindle fiber attach to the kinetochore.

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 34

In plants,the haploid generation is called the ________ and the diploid generation is called the ________.

A) sporophyte; spermatogenesis
B) gametophyte; sporophyte
C) sporophyte; gametophyte
D) oogenesis; gametophyte

Question 35

Which type of microtubule is paired to its correct function?

A) polar microtubules - attach to the kinetochore
B) aster microtubules - position the spindle apparatus
C) kinetochore microtubules - separate the poles

Question 36

The general purpose of the synaptonemal complex is to ________.

A) provide a link between homologous chromosomes in meiosis
B) enable the reformation of the cell wall during cytokinesis
C) separate the sister chromatids during anaphase
D) independently assort the chromosomes during metaphase of meiosis

Question 37

Select the phase when the separated sister chromatids are considered independent chromosomes.

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 38

A bivalent contains how many sister chromatids?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 8
D) depends on the cell

Question 39

The process of meiosis II is similar to that of ________.

A) mitosis
B) binary fission
C) meiosis I

Question 40

In animals,somatic cells are ________ and gametes are ________.

A) diploid; diploid
B) diploid; haploid
C) haploid; diploid
D) haploid; haploid

Question 41

Genes are physically located within ________.

A) chromosomes
B) centrosomes
C) kinetochores
D) microtubules