Deck 1: Computed Tomography: An Overview

Question 1

Isodose curves are a dose descriptor used in reporting radiation doses in computed tomography.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The radiation source is outside the patient in all of the following except:

A)emission computed tomography
B)transmission computed tomography
C)ultrasonography
D)magnetic resonance imaging

Answer 2

emission computed tomography

Question 3

Which of the following refers to modifying computed tomographic data to make the images more useful to the observer?

A)image manipulation
B)image reconstruction
C)data collection
D)pattern recognition

Answer 3

image manipulation

Question 4

Computed tomography is not well established in the study of diseases of the central nervous system.

Question 5

Cardiac computed tomography applications include, but are not limited to, quantitative assessment of coronary artery calcifications and ventricular function assessment.

Question 6

Determining tissue types in computed tomography slices is referred to as volume formation.

Question 7

Three-dimensional algorithms, or rendering techniques, transform the transaxial computed tomography data into simulated three-dimensional images.

Question 8

In 1996, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved real-time computed tomography fluoroscopy as a clinical tool for use in radiology.

Question 9

Computed tomography has been applied to the study of internal log defects and Egyptian mummies.

Question 10

The British Department of Health and Social Security assisted in the development of the first clinically useful computed tomography scanner.

Question 11

Which term describes the systematic motion of the x-ray tube as it rotates around the patient to collect x-ray transmission readings?

A)sampling
B)data processing
C)scanning
D)generation

Question 12

Who developed the first clinically useful computed tomography scanner?

A)Cormack
B)Roentgen
C)Hounsfield
D)Siemens Medical Systems

Question 13

Quality control is well established in computed tomography.

Question 14

Which acronym has been established by the Radiological Society of North America for use in major American radiology journals?

A)CAT
B)CT
C)CTAT
D)RT

Question 15

Ambrose received the Nobel Prize in 1979 with Hounsfield.

Question 16

PACS is an acronym for picture archiving and communications systems.

Question 17

Data acquisition refers to:

A)collecting x-ray transmission readings from the patient
B)subjecting data to computer processing
C)changing the data before they are displayed on a monitor
D)storing the data collected from the patient onto magnetic tapes or disks

Question 18

In the original experiments in computed tomography, the computer took 9 hours to process one image.

Question 19

Sectional images are obtained from all of the following except:

A)tomography
B)transverse axial tomography
C)conventional radiography
D)computed tomography

Question 20

Processing images by computer is referred to as digital image processing.

Question 21

What contribution did Cormack make to the development of clinical computed tomography?

A)He developed Britain's first business computer.
B)He developed programs to calculate doses to patients.
C)He developed the solutions to the mathematical problems in computed tomography.
D)He performed a practical reconstruction of an image of the sun.

Question 22

When a large set of transmission measurements is collected from the patient at different locations and is used to build up an image of internal anatomy, it is referred to as:

A)tomography
B)image reconstruction from projections
C)pattern recognition
D)digital image processing

Question 23

Please match the following computed tomography concepts. All answer selections will be used just once.

ADC

A)Determine tissue types in computed tomography slices
B)Algorithms
C)Image storage
D)Computed tomography dose descriptor
E)Converting electrical signals into digital data
F)Surface-based rendering

Question 24

Which of the following is best used to describe patient dose in computed tomography?

A)CTDI and MSAD
B)isometric curves
C)exposure doses
D)collective doses

Question 25

The detectors convert the attenuation data into ____________ signals.

A)digital
B)electrical
C)light
D)mechanical

Question 26

In computed tomography,

A)a computer is used to reconstruct images of sectional anatomy.
B)a computer is used to calculate radiation dose to the patient.
C)a computer is not required because the physicist calculates the image, which the computer then prints out.
D)special detectors are used to reconstruct sectional images.

Question 27

Which of the following are dual-source computed tomography scanners primarily used for imaging?

A)virtual colonoscopy
B)cardiac imaging
C)biopsy procedures
D)pulmonary imaging

Question 28

Please match the following computed tomography concepts. All answer selections will be used just once.

Image reconstruction

A)Determine tissue types in computed tomography slices
B)Algorithms
C)Image storage
D)Computed tomography dose descriptor
E)Converting electrical signals into digital data
F)Surface-based rendering

Question 29

The following developments in computed tomography were introduced during the period between 1973-1983 except:

A)image quality improvements
B)quality control
C)detectors
D)spiral/helical computed tomography

Question 30

Please match the following computed tomography concepts. All answer selections will be used just once.

Optical disks

A)Determine tissue types in computed tomography slices
B)Algorithms
C)Image storage
D)Computed tomography dose descriptor
E)Converting electrical signals into digital data
F)Surface-based rendering

Question 31

Please match the following computed tomography concepts. All answer selections will be used just once.

3D classification

A)Determine tissue types in computed tomography slices
B)Algorithms
C)Image storage
D)Computed tomography dose descriptor
E)Converting electrical signals into digital data
F)Surface-based rendering

Question 32

Who shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology with Hounsfield for his contribution to the computed tomography technique?

A)Kuhl
B)Edwards
C)Ledley
D)Cormack

Question 33

Please match the following computed tomography concepts. All answer selections will be used just once.

3D technique

A)Determine tissue types in computed tomography slices
B)Algorithms
C)Image storage
D)Computed tomography dose descriptor
E)Converting electrical signals into digital data
F)Surface-based rendering

Question 34

Currently, the electron-beam computed tomography scanner is marketed by:

A)EMI
B)General Electric
C)Toshiba
D)Siemens

Question 35

The radiation used by Hounsfield in his original experiments was

A)gamma rays
B)x rays
C)beta particles
D)electrons

Question 36

Which company pioneered the development of the first clinically useful computed tomography scanner?

A)General Electric
B)Siemens
C)Elscint
D)EMI

Question 37

Please match the following computed tomography concepts. All answer selections will be used just once.

MSAD

A)Determine tissue types in computed tomography slices
B)Algorithms
C)Image storage
D)Computed tomography dose descriptor
E)Converting electrical signals into digital data
F)Surface-based rendering

Question 38

The mathematical techniques used by the computer to reconstruct the computed tomography image are known as:

A)computer programs
B)image reconstruction algorithms
C)manipulation of images
D)pattern recognition

Question 39

All these elements can be used during data acquisition to reduce patient dose except:

A)combined applications
B)ultrafast ceramic detectors
C)decreased pitch
D)on-line dose modulation

Question 40

Who developed the first whole-body computed tomography scanner?

A)Ledley
B)Kuhl
C)Cormack and Hounsfield
D)Oldendorf