Deck 33: Pharmacological Interventions for Substance Use Disorders

Question 1

All of the following have been found to be true about "ultra-rapid" methods of opiate withdrawal, EXCEPT that

A)it exposes patients to the risk of drug-induced coma.
B)patients receive opiate antagonists after coma is induced.
C)it is more effective in helping the client achieve long-term abstinence than traditional methadone-assisted withdrawal.
D)it is no more effective in helping the client achieve long-term abstinence than traditional methods of opioid detoxification.

Answer 1

it is no more effective in helping the client achieve long-term abstinence than traditional methods of opioid detoxification.

Question 2

Immunological therapies are being studied for the treatment of addiction by examining whether the immune system can be "trained" to attack molecules of this drug.

A)cocaine
B)benzodiazepines
C)alcohol
D)heroin

Answer 2

cocaine

Question 3

Methadone was originally used as a(n)

A)synthetic narcotic analgesic developed for use in World War II.
B)way to interrogate captured prisoners, which is to say a truth serum.
C)compound to enhance the effects of the amphetamines being administered to German combat soldiers in World War II.
D)experimental narcotic analgesic that was found to be more dangerous than morphine.

Answer 3

synthetic narcotic analgesic developed for use in World War II.

Question 4

In addition to treatment for heroin, animal research is being conducted to see if methadone may also be effective in treating dependence.

A)nicotine
B)cocaine
C)alcohol
D)marijuana

Question 5

Research has found that of individuals with AUDs prescribed naltrexone relapsed within the first 12 weeks of treatment.

A)10%
B)22%
C)37%
D)50%

Question 6

Nineteen different pharmaceuticals have been tried in experimental trials as possible pharmacological treatments for cocaine use disorders.According to your text, which of the following is true?

A)Only one has proven effective.
B)None of those have been identified as being consistently effective, as yet.
C)Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) appears promising at this time.
D)Desipramine has proven effective.

Question 7

The most effective pharmacological treatment for stimulant use disorders is

A)topiramate.
B)modafinil.
C)naltrexone.
D)yet to be discovered.

Question 8

One major problem with the use of clonidine in opioid withdrawal is that it

A)can induce hypertension.
B)reduces the risk of other compounds being abused.
C)increases the risk of drop in blood pressure (increasing risk of patient falls).
D)is prone to induce psychotic episodes.

Question 9

Amber has overdosed on heroin and has just been rushed to the hospital.She has been given the drug Narcan to help stop the potentially fatal symptoms of the overdose.Amber has been administered this drug

A)intravenously.
B)orally.
C)intramuscularly.
D)intrathecally.

Question 10

Your client informs you that he or she is currently taking Suboxone.You know that this is used in the treatment of use disorder.

A)methamphetamine
B)alcohol
C)opiate
D)nicotine

Question 11

An advantage of using the anticonvulsant carbamazepine over benzodiazepines for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal is that it

A)is not addictive.
B)reduces seizure potential.
C)creates nausea in the user.
D)is much cheaper.

Question 12

A danger when using a pharmaceutical as an adjunct to the treatment of an addiction to drugs is that the

A)physician prescribing the drug must guess at the effective dose.
B)patient may view the use of medications as an extension of his or her addictive behavior.
C)synergistic effect between pharmaceuticals prescribed is rarely taken into account.
D)psychopharmaceuticals utilized might work at cross-purposes with the treatment staff's goals.

Question 13

In the event of an opiate overdose, the best treatment appears to be administered under a physician's supervision.

A)Narcan
B)Aripiprazole
C)Naltrexone
D)Haldol

Question 14

Methadone is thought to be effective because it

A)blocks just 25-35% of opioid receptor sites, enough to create a corrective but not curative effect.
B)binds to narcotic analgesic molecules in the blood, preventing them from forming chemical bonds with blood proteins and thus being more easily removed from the circulation.
C)is able to block 50% of the mu receptor sites without activating them.
D)activates only the kappa opioid receptor sites, causing dysphoria should the individual abuse opioids.

Question 15

The medications considered the treatment of choice for the alcohol withdrawal syndrome are the

A)CNS stimulants like methylphenidate.
B)hallucinogens like the peyote cactus.
C)benzodiazepines.
D)antidepressants.

Question 16

Only about of those prescribed disulfiram for the treatment of alcohol use disorder take it as prescribed.

A)7%
B)15%
C)20%
D)45%

Question 17

The alcohol/disulfiram reaction

A)begins 3-5 hours after the alcohol has been ingested.
B)can be fatal under certain conditions.
C)results in abnormally slow respiration.
D)can cause sensory disturbances such as hallucinations.

Question 18

The development of pharmaceuticals specific to substance use disorders has been delayed because

A)those regions of the brain involved in the addictions are so widespread that no single pharmaceutical, or combination of pharmaceuticals, can work on every one.
B)pharmaceutical companies view the demand as too limited to make the development of such medications worthwhile.
C)the current generation of medications is sufficient to treat conditions associated with substance use disorders.
D)there are new medications under development, which should revolutionize the treatment of substance use disorders.

Question 19

Ondansetron appears to help in the treatment of AUDs by

A)making the user sick when mixed with alcohol.
B)decreasing cravings.
C)blocking the subjective pleasurable experience of alcohol.
D)creating hallucinations in response to even minimal alcohol ingestion.

Question 20

The most successful pharmacological treatment for nicotine dependence at this time seems to be

A)nicotine patches.
B)Chantix (varenicline).
C)Wellbutrin (bupropion).
D)Inversine (mecamylamine).

Question 21

Discuss some of the various nicotine replacement systems used in treating tobacco use disorders.What is the most effective pharmacological treatment of tobacco use disorder?

Question 22

Why might an opioid antagonist like naltrexone be used in the treatment of AUDs?

Question 23

Describe the three subcategories of medications used in the treatment of opioid use disorders (OUDs).

Question 24

Discus the subgroups of medications that might be utilized as adjunctive treatments for SUDs.

Question 25

Buprenorphine is thought to be as much as 200 times as potent as morphine.

Question 26

Naltrexone will block the euphoric effects of a narcotic analgesic for up to 3 days after it has been ingested.

Question 27

Research has suggested that for every $1 invested in a methadone maintenance program, the return to society is about $38 in terms of reduced hospitalization, crime, etc.

Question 28

The minimum effective dose of methadone has been found to be 50 milligrams per day.

Question 29

Discuss the "development" of pharmaceutical agents used in the treatment of SUDs, including the issue of "off-label" applications.

Question 30

Among the side effects caused by Chantix (varenicline), one of the most frequently reported side effects is extended period of sleep without dreams.