Question 1

Which of the following is a general adverse effect of opioids?&#10;A)Exacerbation of coughing.&#10;B)Diarrhoea.&#10;C)Vasoconstriction.&#10;D)Loss of appetite.

Accepted Answer

Opioids commonly cause gastrointestinal side effects such as constipation, rather than diarrhea, and can lead to a decreased appetite. They do not typically cause exacerbation of coughing or vasoconstriction; in fact, opioids are often used as cough suppressants.

Question 2

An older person is seen talking and laughing in the clinic's waiting room, yet complains of excruciating pain. The nurse realises this person is most likely demonstrating which of the following?&#10;A)Inconsistent behavioural response to pain.&#10;B)The desire for narcotics.&#10;C)Denial of his level of pain.&#10;D)Pain tolerance.

Accepted Answer

Inconsistent behavioural response to pain refers to a situation where an individual's behavior does not correlate with their reported pain. In this scenario, the older person is laughing and talking, which could make it seem like their pain is not severe, but they complain of excruciating pain, indicating such an inconsistent behavioral response.

Question 3

The nurse is assessing a person's pain history. Which of the following methods of assessment would be useful for this?&#10;A)PQRST (Provokes-Quality-Radiates-Severity-Time)guide.&#10;B)Biofeedback rating.&#10;C)Visual analogue scale.&#10;D)FACES pain scale.

Accepted Answer

The PQRST guide is a comprehensive method for assessing pain history, covering aspects like what provokes the pain, its quality, radiation, severity, and timing.

Question 4

A person has periodic severe nerve pain that is poorly controlled with pain medication. Which agent might be of benefit for this person?&#10;A)A local anaesthetic.&#10;B)A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).&#10;C)An antidepressant.&#10;D)An opioid.

Accepted Answer

Antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been found to be effective in treating nerve pain. They work by altering the levels of certain chemicals in the brain and spinal cord that are involved in pain perception. This is especially true for nerve pain that is caused by conditions such as neuropathy, shingles, and fibromyalgia. A local anaesthetic may provide temporary relief but is unlikely to be effective for severe and chronic nerve pain. NSAIDs are generally not effective for nerve pain. Opioids may provide some relief but are associated with significant risks, including addiction and overdose, and should only be considered as a last resort.

Question 5

A person with a history of chronic pain tells the nurse, 'I do a variety of things to make my body produce its own pain reliever.' The nurse realises that this person is describing which of the following?

A)The body's ability to make endorphins.
B)A belief in complementary therapies.
C)A theory of denial.
D)A rationale to reassess the amount of pain medication prescribed.

Accepted Answer

The person is describing the body's ability to produce endorphins, which are natural pain relievers.

Question 6

A person with a long history of pain rarely appears to be in pain and often forgoes the use of pain medication. Which of the following is correct? The person has:&#10;A)a low pain tolerance.&#10;B)minimal levels of pain.&#10;C)a high pain tolerance.&#10;D)incident pain.

Accepted Answer

A person with a long history of pain may have developed a higher pain tolerance due to the chronic nature of their condition. They may have learned to manage their pain through other methods such as relaxation techniques, exercise, or other non-pharmacological interventions. This does not necessarily mean that they are experiencing minimal levels of pain, but rather that they have developed strategies to cope with and manage their pain without medication.

Question 7

A person with chronic pain complains of an acute exacerbation of pain. How can the nurse help this individual?&#10;A)Give the person a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).&#10;B)Provide the medication ordered for breakthrough pain.&#10;C)Encourage the person to ignore the pain.&#10;D)Talk the person through the pain.

Accepted Answer

The nurse should provide the medication ordered for breakthrough pain to help alleviate the acute exacerbation of pain. This medication is specifically prescribed for these types of situations and can provide quick relief for the individual. Other options such as NSAIDs, ignoring the pain or talking through the pain may not be effective or appropriate for the individual's specific situation.

Question 8

A person with chronic pain tells the nurse that he 'rarely sleeps more than a couple of hours a night.' What is the person at risk of developing?&#10;A)Depression.&#10;B)Drug tolerance.&#10;C)Complex regional pain syndrome.&#10;D)High pain tolerance.

Accepted Answer

Chronic pain can disrupt sleep and lack of sleep can decrease a person's mood and increase the risk of developing depression.

Question 9

A 47-year-old woman has a history of scoliosis and lower back pain. Which type of pain is this person most likely experiencing?&#10;A)Recurrent acute pain.&#10;B)Referred pain.&#10;C)Ongoing time-limited pain.&#10;D)Chronic nonmalignant pain.

Accepted Answer

Given the history of scoliosis and lower back pain, it is most likely that the person is experiencing chronic nonmalignant pain, which is defined as pain persisting for three months or longer that is not associated with cancer. This type of pain can be caused by a variety of factors and can be difficult to manage, often requiring ongoing medical intervention.

Question 10

A person with chronic pain is being started on a 'patch.' Which of the following should be included when instructing the person about this pain-relieving delivery system?&#10;A)Dosing will commence with a low dose.&#10;B)It is not as effective as oral pain medications.&#10;C)The person should never experience breakthrough pain.&#10;D)The person should never overdose with this delivery method.

Accepted Answer

Starting with a low dose is important to assess the person's individual response and avoid adverse effects such as overdose.

Answer: D 
 The person should be instructed on proper dosing and precautions to avoid overdose, as this delivery method can have a high potency and duration of action. However, it is still possible to overdose if the patch is used improperly. Choices B and C are incorrect as patches can be just as effective as oral pain medications and breakthrough pain may still occur.

Question 11

A person is complaining of dull and aching muscle pain. The nurse realises that the transmission of this pain occurs along which nerve fibres?&#10;A)A-delta.&#10;B)B.&#10;C)C.&#10;D)D.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person is complaining of dull and...

Question 12

A person who has had a below-knee amputation appears to be experiencing pain in the amputated foot. What type of pain is this?&#10;A)Central.&#10;B)Acute postoperative.&#10;C)Phantom.&#10;D)Visceral.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person who has had a below-knee...

Question 13

A person with a history of lumbar spinal cord nerve compression continues to complain of burning pain. Which type of pain is the person experiencing?&#10;A)Palliative pain.&#10;B)Myofascial pain syndrome.&#10;C)Complex regional pain syndrome.&#10;D)Visceral pain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person with a history of lumbar...

Question 14

A person complaining of pain has been waiting for medication to relieve the pain. Which of the following should the nurse realise about this person? The:&#10;A)person's pain is real.&#10;B)person just wants medication.&#10;C)person is demanding.&#10;D)person wants attention.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person complaining of pain has been...

Question 15

In which part of the body does a person experience pain caused by gallbladder disease?&#10;A)Lower back.&#10;B)Neck.&#10;C)Right shoulder.&#10;D)Left arm.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In which part of the body does...

Question 16

The nurse is providing medication to a person with acute pain. Which of the following are types of acute pain? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A)Neuralgia.&#10;B)Referred.&#10;C)Somatic.&#10;D)Incident.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is providing medication to a...

Question 17

The nurse is helping a person in pain by providing therapeutic massage to the painful area. Which pain control method is the nurse using?&#10;A)Cutaneous stimulation.&#10;B)Acupuncture.&#10;C)Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS).&#10;D)Physiotherapy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is helping a person in...

Question 18

The nurse recognises that which of the following is a common adverse effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)?&#10;A)Nausea.&#10;B)Pinpoint pupils.&#10;C)Arrhythmias.&#10;D)Bronchospasm.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse recognises that which of the...

Question 19

A person with chronic pain is desperately searching for something to relieve the pain. Which of the following would be helpful to consider for this person?&#10;A)Perform a thorough assessment of the pain to determine if it is truly pain.&#10;B)Minimise the use of narcotic analgesics.&#10;C)Recommend evaluation by a psychiatrist to determine if the person is experiencing depression.&#10;D)Develop a pain medication schedule to help avoid the onset of pain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person with chronic pain is desperately...

Question 20

The nurse is assessing a person's vital signs. Which of the following should be assessed at the same time?&#10;A)Peripheral pulses.&#10;B)Pain level.&#10;C)Mental status.&#10;D)Neurological status.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is assessing a person's vital...

Deck 8: Nursing Care of People in Pain