Deck 33: Nutrition in Health and Disease

Question 1

Which of the following is the recommended percentage of total daily fat calories of an average person?

A)5
B)10-15  
C)25-30
D)50-60

Answer 1

25-30

Question 2

Which of the following may be caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12?

A)Pernicious anemia
B)Weight loss  
C)Diarrhea
D)Nervousness  
E)Headaches

Answer 2

Pernicious anemia

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a stage of life when there is a decreased need for calories because of general decline in physical activity?

A)Pregnancy
B)Infancy  
C)Adolescence
D)Elderly

Answer 3

Elderly

Question 4

Which of the following terms is used to describe the physical and chemical changes to food that the body makes?

A)Digestion
B)Metabolism  
C)Nutrition
D)Indigestion  
E)Anabolism

Question 5

Which of the following is the most rapidly absorbed form of carbohydrate?

A)Fiber
B)Glycogen  
C)Polysaccharide
D)Monosaccharide

Question 6

Which of the following are minerals that become ionized and carry a positive or negative charge?

A)Catalysts
B)Coenzymes  
C)Water soluble
D)Electrolytes

Question 7

Which of the following is the nutrient used as building components of body proteins and as the basic structural unit in all body tissues and cells?

A)Amino acids
B)Triglycerides  
C)Water
D)Polysaccharides  
E)Fiber

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT considered a classification of nutrients?

A)Water
B)Preservatives  
C)Fats
D)Vitamins  
E)Proteins

Question 9

Which of the following statement is most correct concerning weight control?

A)There is an ideal weight for the entire population. 
B)There is an ideal weight for each individual. 
C)Charts give ranges that vary more than 50 pounds. 
D)Individuals will gain weight if they use more calories than they ingest.

Question 10

Which of the following is true regarding vitamins?

A)Vitamins are needed in large quantities. 
B)Vitamins A, B, D, and E are fat soluble. 
C)Vitamins B and C are water soluble. 
D)Water-soluble vitamins are stored in fatty tissues. 
E)Vitamins are simple molecules.

Question 11

Which of the following is the most important recommendation when you encourage patients to read and evaluate food labels?

A)Cholesterol, at least 300 milligrams (mg) per day  
B)Calories from fat, not more than 30 percent of total calories  
C)Total sodium, less than 50 mg per day  
D)Low fiber foods

Question 12

Which of the following best classifies most dietary fiber?

A)Protein
B)Carbohydrate  
C)Fat
D)Vitamin  
E)Mineral

Question 13

Which of the following statements is false regarding digestion?

A)Digestion is the process of breaking down food, either physically or chemically. 
B)The entire process of digestion takes place in the stomach. 
C)Mechanical digestion begins in the mouth. 
D)The large intestine absorbs water and some other nutrients and collects food residue for excretion.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a stage of life in which individuals experience the greatest levels of growth and the need for total nutrients is greater at this stage?

A)Pregnancy
B)Infancy  
C)Adolescence
D)Elderly

Question 15

In cancer patients receiving treatment, increased nutrients are needed for repair and replacement of the lost cells.Which nutrient level in particular needs to be increased?

A)Carbohydrates
B)Fibers  
C)Proteins
D)Lipids  
E)Minerals

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an example of a B-complex vitamin?

A)Thiamine
B)Riboflavin  
C)Cholecalciferol
D)Niacin  
E)Folic acid

Question 17

Which of the following is the main function of protein?

A)Provides energy
B)Maintains heat  
C)Maintains fluid balance
D)Provides amino acids

Question 18

A patient who is obese has a total body weight that is what percentage greater than their ideal weight?

A)5
B)20  
C)40
D)50

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the action of the two minerals sodium and potassium?

A)Catalysts
B)Coenzymes  
C)Water soluble
D)Electrolytes

Question 20

Which of the following includes lignin, cellulose, gums, and pectins?

A)Fibers
B)Carbohydrates  
C)Fat
D)Minerals

Question 21

Which of the following is the leading cause of death in the United States?

A)Cancer
B)Diabetes complications  
C)Cardiovascular disease
D)Respiratory disease

Question 22

Which of the following is the total of all changes, chemical and physical, that take place in the body?

A)Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
B)Metabolism  
C)Calories
D)None of the above

Question 23

Childhood obesity can lead to which of the following?

A)Type 1 diabetes
B)Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus  
C)Type 2 diabetes
D)Hypoglycemia

Question 24

Match the ethnic food preferences with the appropriate cultures, regions, or groups.

Chinese

A) Rice is the primary energy food; vegetables are lightly cooked.
B) Spices, especially curry, are popular.
C) Dark breads and fewer green vegetable salads are consumed.
D) Combinations of Spanish and Native American foods are popular.
E) Fish, vegetables, and rice often served fried.

Question 25

Match the ethnic food preferences with the appropriate cultures, regions, or groups.

Mexican

A) Rice is the primary energy food; vegetables are lightly cooked.
B) Spices, especially curry, are popular.
C) Dark breads and fewer green vegetable salads are consumed.
D) Combinations of Spanish and Native American foods are popular.
E) Fish, vegetables, and rice often served fried.

Question 26

Match the ethnic food preferences with the appropriate cultures, regions, or groups.

Western European

A) Rice is the primary energy food; vegetables are lightly cooked.
B) Spices, especially curry, are popular.
C) Dark breads and fewer green vegetable salads are consumed.
D) Combinations of Spanish and Native American foods are popular.
E) Fish, vegetables, and rice often served fried.

Question 27

Which of the following is the approximate percentage of the population you tell her has some form of diabetes mellitus?

A)2
B)9  
C)7
D)12

Question 28

Which best describes the protein requirement during pregnancy?

A)Nearly doubles
B)Intake needs to be cut in half  
C)Stays the same
D)Should be avoided

Question 29

The body is composed of what percent of water?

A)80-90
B)75-85  
C)50-65
D)35-45  
E)20-30

Question 30

Which of the following do you tell Mrs.Martin to avoid in her dietary treatment of diabetes?

A)Vitamins
B)Minerals  
C)Simple sugars
D)Amino acids  
E)Polysaccharides

Question 31

The sale of which of the following was banned by the FDA in the United States?

A)Herbal supplements
B)Soy products  
C)Natural hormones
D)Ephedra

Question 32

The function of which of these nutrients is to build and repair tissues?

A)Minerals
B)Vitamins  
C)Proteins
D)Carbohydrates

Question 33

Which of the following diet modifications do you tell Mrs.Martin will help control the effects of diabetes mellitus?

A)Controlling sodium intake  
B)Decreasing total carbohydrates  
C)Avoiding large fluctuations in blood glucose levels  
D)Avoiding between-meal snacks

Question 34

Which of the following is the most appropriate patient education basic starting points for weight loss?

A)Sleep needs, low-salt foods, moderate exercise  
B)Low-salt foods, no fat, and moderate exercise  
C)Low calorie, low-salt food, and moderate exercise  
D)Low calorie, moderate exercise, and sleep needs

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a fat-soluble vitamin?

A)A
B)B  
C)K
D)D  
E)E

Question 36

Match the ethnic food preferences with the appropriate cultures, regions, or groups.

Japanese

A) Rice is the primary energy food; vegetables are lightly cooked.
B) Spices, especially curry, are popular.
C) Dark breads and fewer green vegetable salads are consumed.
D) Combinations of Spanish and Native American foods are popular.
E) Fish, vegetables, and rice often served fried.

Question 37

Which of the following statements is true about the food guide pyramid?

A)It is only for sick people. 
B)There are four basic food groups. 
C)You can eat any amount of the foods on it that you want. 
D)It contains quantities of foods you should eat from each group.

Question 38

"Failure to thrive" infants and young children are caused by which of the following?

A)Lack of protein
B)Increased protein intake  
C)Lack of fats
D)Lack of carbohydrates

Question 39

Which of the following can result from bulimia?

A)Dental caries
B)Amenorrhea  
C)Alopecia
D)Low blood pressure

Question 40

Which of the following would be reasonable goals for weight loss?

A)3-4 pounds per week
B)20 pounds per month  
C)10 pounds per month
D)1-2 pounds per week

Question 41

Match each religion with the appropriate religious dietary law.
no coffee, tea, or alcohol

A) Islamic
B) Roman Catholic
C) Seventh Day Adventist
D) Jewish (Orthodox)
E) Mormon

Question 42

Match each religion with the appropriate religious dietary law.
prohibit use of pork and alcohol

A) Islamic
B) Roman Catholic
C) Seventh Day Adventist
D) Jewish (Orthodox)
E) Mormon

Question 43

Match each religion with the appropriate religious dietary law.
meat restrictions on certain days

A) Islamic
B) Roman Catholic
C) Seventh Day Adventist
D) Jewish (Orthodox)
E) Mormon

Question 44

Match each religion with the appropriate religious dietary law.
kosher preparation required

A) Islamic
B) Roman Catholic
C) Seventh Day Adventist
D) Jewish (Orthodox)
E) Mormon

Question 45

Match each religion with the appropriate religious dietary law.
ovolacto-vegetarians

A) Islamic
B) Roman Catholic
C) Seventh Day Adventist
D) Jewish (Orthodox)
E) Mormon

Question 46

Match the ethnic food preferences with the appropriate cultures, regions, or groups.

Southeast Asian

A) Rice is the primary energy food; vegetables are lightly cooked.
B) Spices, especially curry, are popular.
C) Dark breads and fewer green vegetable salads are consumed.
D) Combinations of Spanish and Native American foods are popular.
E) Fish, vegetables, and rice often served fried.