Deck 11: Globalization and the Future of Comparative Politics

Question 1

Call centers and data processing are examples of what is known as:

A)offshore outsourcing.
B)devolved labor.
C)horizontal globalization.
D)localized globalization.
E)social media.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Globalization is associated with the growing power of a host of nonstate or supra-state entities.What are the three major categories that these entities fall into?

A)interstate economic unions, nongovernmental organizations, intergovernmental organizations
B)multinational corporations, nongovernmental organizations, intergovernmental organizations
C)multinational corporations, nonprofit organizations, interstate economic unions
D)intergovernmental organizations, international regimes, multinational corporations
E)international regimes, interstate economic unions, nonprofit organizations

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The idea of Thomas Friedman's "golden straitjacket" is that globalization will:

A)reduce all political decisions to economic ones.
B)limit an individual citizen's faith in traditional government.
C)bind states to international agreements that reduce violent conflict.
D)increase state autonomy in economic matters.
E)exacerbate competition among states for natural resources.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Political globalization has the most potential to lead to:

A)weakening state autonomy and capacity.
B)growing state autonomy but weakening capacity.
C)growing state capacity but weakening autonomy.
D)strengthening state autonomy and capacity.
E)an increased state power hierarchy.

Question 5

Which of the following entities can be either exclusively national or fully international in nature?

A)Bretton Woods
B)MNCs
C)IGOs
D)NGOs
E)the Internet

Question 6

Critics of globalization speak of the problem of a "democratic deficit," meaning:

A)democratic processes within states will weaken and limit the power of citizens to elect their own regional governments.
B)nonstate organizations need to be given more power in order to keep states in check.
C)traditional forms of participation are outdated, and globalization should be used to build "electronic democracy."
D)the movement of power toward international organizations may reduce public representation and control.
E)nongovernmental and intergovernmental organizations will take on increasing democratic processes, reducing their ability to act quickly and efficiently.

Question 7

In which of the following ways are the new violent international actors empowered by globalization similar to IGOs and MNCs, and in which way are they dissimilar?

A)similar in that they resemble social networks; dissimilar in that they employ violence
B)similar in that they are flexible; dissimilar in that they employ physical force to reach their objectives
C)similar in that they are centralized; dissimilar in that they exercise no sovereignty
D)similar in that they exercise sovereignty; dissimilar in that they seek their objectives with the use of force
E)similar in that they are decentralized; dissimilar in that they hold territory

Question 8

Optimists believe that societal globalization, through a process of "creative destruction," could lead to a form of:

A)global cosmopolitanism.
B)global anarchy.
C)resurgent state sovereignty.
D)transnational terrorism.
E)global religion.

Question 9

What aspect of globalization first came into being in the late nineteenth century?

A)modern imperialism
B)the first NGOs and IGOs
C)the first truly global war
D)the first multinational corporations
E)the first transnational terrorist groups

Question 10

In what way is the Internet unlike a typical international regime?

A)It has no norms that lead to a specific goal.
B)It does not link states or individuals together in a meaningful way.
C)It is not seen as beneficial.
D)It is more easily controlled by sovereign states.
E)It lacks technical standards.

Question 11

The experiences of the WTO in 1999 and 2008 suggest which of the following?

A)an increase in antiglobalization activism
B)the rapid weakening of state sovereignty
C)the increased power of the Internet to influence financial markets
D)the power of MNCs to derail trade liberalization talks
E)the increased power of NGOs to promote global human rights

Question 12

In which of the following ways did the Bretton Woods system differ from the Washington Consensus?

A)It created important, formal international organizations.
B)It placed less emphasis on the promotion of international trade.
C)It increased state control over international markets instead of reducing it.
D)It never led to direct economic assistance to developing states.
E)It reduced the pace of globalization instead of advancing it.

Question 13

The liberalizing view of globalization suggests that it will be a:

A)threat to free trade.
B)mechanism for future prosperity.
C)process that will bleed away democratic structures.
D)source of war.
E)tool for the diminishing of local arts and culture.

Question 14

According to political scientists Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye, what is the relationship between globalization and history?

A)Significant international connections have only appeared in the last half century.
B)Globalization takes the simple form of international contacts and interaction.
C)Globalization highlights the distinction between international relations and domestic politics.
D)Globalization is "thick" compared to the international connections of the past.
E)Globalization, after a rapid increase through the 1980s and 1990s, has begun to weaken slightly.

Question 15

One important impact of globalization on the study of politics is that:

A)it blurs the lines between domestic politics and international relations.
B)globalization only seems to have detractors to date.
C)it seems to be the most important force to date for weakening autocratic leaders.
D)it calls into question the future viability of international organizations.
E)it reduces the need for diplomacy between major states.

Question 16

The World Trade Organization is a good example of:

A)a multinational corporation.
B)a nongovernmental organization.
C)an intergovernmental organization.
D)a global civil society.
E)a global civic state.

Question 17

In the process of historical globalization, the late nineteenth century saw the rise of the first:

A)modern state structures.
B)NGOs and IGOs.
C)international bodies to manage trade agreements.
D)international terrorist organizations.
E)multinational corporations.

Question 18

Which of the following ultimately resulted from the establishment of the Bretton Woods system?

A)an increase in national sovereignty
B)establishment of the World Trade Organization
C)the International Criminal Court
D)the restriction of international trade
E)greater national control over trade agreements

Question 19

Greenpeace is a good example of:

A)a multinational corporation.
B)a nongovernmental organization.
C)an intergovernmental organization.
D)an international regime.
E)a global civic state.

Question 20

Some optimists argue that a global cosmopolitanism could pave the way for:

A)a global civil society.
B)a single world empire.
C)a common world religion.
D)"cyber-anarchism."
E)international corruption.

Question 21

The 2010-14 World Values Survey shows that when asked, over two-thirds of individuals identify themselves as:

A)"world citizens."
B)opponents of globalization.
C)"virtual citizens."
D)admirers of Western values.
E)ethnic nationalists.

Question 22

According to the 2010-14 World Values Survey, ________ showed less mistrust of nationalities than ________.

A)respondents from the global north; respondents from the global south
B)respondents from the global south; respondents from the global north
C)respondents over 50; respondents under 29
D)respondents under 29; respondents over 50
E)respondents from less developed countries; respondents from more developed countries

Question 23

In which of the following ways has sovereign authority reasserted itself over the last decade?

A)the growth of multinational corporations
B)a breaking down of the Bretton Woods system
C)censorship of Internet web sites by some states
D)a sharp rise in tariff barriers
E)a forced state reduction in the number of NGOs

Question 24

How might globalization shape democracy? How might globalization shape your responsibilities as a citizen of your country or of the world?

Question 25

Which of the following best describes a major concern of those who believe globalization will be detrimental to social progress?

A)Globalization will inspire a backlash against cultural exports that will reduce the capacity of MNCs to operate globally.
B)Globalization reduces the number of choices, values, ideas, and information people are presented with.
C)A new global civil society may fuel the growth of new NGOs and IGOs.
D)Globalization may lead to a form of global cosmopolitanism.
E)Globalization has demonstrated that it can inspire increased levels of violent fundamentalism.

Question 26

Which of the following statements about aspects of Bretton Woods and the Washington Consensus is accurate?

A)The IMF provides loans and technical assistance to advance development in less-developed countries.
B)The WTO helps developing countries develop tariff barriers to protect domestic industries.
C)The Washington Consensus helped pave the way for the creation of institutions like the IMF and World Bank.
D)A core goal of Bretton Wood was to help manage economic relations between countries, and the Washington Consensus advocated a reduction of states' control over the market.
E)Both Bretton Woods and the Washington Consensus advocated the maintenance of state-controlled industries in developing countries so that they could compete with the developed world.

Question 27

Is globalization unstoppable? What evidence suggests that it could (or could not) be reversed?

Question 28

Will globalization overwhelm state sovereignty in the long run? Would this be a positive or negative development for the citizens in those states?

Question 29

Which of the followings statements about the extent of globalization is accurate?

A)Global foreign direct investment reached roughly $200 billion in 2013.
B)In 2013, nearly a quarter of a billion people moved across international borders.
C)General Electric's total profits in 2013 were approximately the same as Great Britain's GDP at purchasing power parity.
D)China owns about 40 percent of the total foreign loans made to the U.S.state to cover its debts.
E)The number of MNCs actually shrank between 2003 and 2013 due to consolidation.

Question 30

In his work The Economic Consequences of the Peace, the economist John Maynard Keynes describes a period that seems to have many similarities to the current state of globalization.Which of the following is that period?

A)the Cold War
B)the period before World War I
C)the period before World War II
D)the Crusades
E)the rise of the Ottoman Empire

Question 31

Rather than a universal process of economic deepening across the globe, much of what we think of as globalization is simply the:

A)integration of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe into the world economy and political order since 1989.
B)integration of China into the global market.
C)liberalization of U.S.trade to allow more imports.
D)decline of oil prices.
E)rise of the Indian economy.

Question 32

Describe the arguments for globalization as both a positive economic force that will raise the standards of living and a negative economic force that will bring about a "race to the bottom."

Question 33

Which of the following statements about the growth (or lack of growth) of globalization is accurate?

A)Despite predictions to the contrary, global inequality has remained steady or grown slightly over the last three decades.
B)Developing countries still constitute less than a quarter of world GDP when measured by purchasing power parity.
C)All international trade only accounts for about 25 percent of global GDP.
D)Globalization has largely ended the need for concentration of tech development in single locations like Silicon Valley.
E)The total amount of fixed investment in the world is now majority transnational.

Question 34

What role might globalization play in the creation of a "global civil society"? Describe the counterargument that globalization will take the opposite track and reduce social progress.

Question 35

In which of the following ways does the study of societal globalization differ from that of political globalization?

A)It largely focuses on the development of nonstate and supra-state organizations as rivals to the state.
B)It rejects the concept of global cosmopolitanism.
C)It ignores considerations of global democracy.
D)It focuses on the formation of civil society that stretches beyond borders.
E)It largely ignores nationalist movements as part of global culture.