Deck 11: Solutions

Question 1

A 45.0-g sample of water contains 11.2 mg of a toxin.What is the concentration of this toxin in ppm?

A) 2.49 × 10^-4 ppm
B) 249 ppm
C) 7.2 × 10^-6 ppm
D) 1.2 ppm

Answer 1

249 ppm

Question 2

A compound that dissociates into positive and negative ions when it dissolves in water is a(n):

A) molar.
B) solute.
C) electrolyte.
D) base.

Answer 2

electrolyte.

Question 3

The amount of _____ that is present in a _____ is called its _____.

A) solute; solvent; solution
B) solute; solvent; concentration
C) solvent; solute; solution
D) solvent; solute; concentration

Answer 3

solute; solvent; concentration

Question 4

Which solution will provide the LOWEST freezing point?

A) 1.2 M NaCl
B) 1.0 M KCl
C) 1.0 M Na₂CO₃
D) 2.0 M KI

Question 5

Which reaction is metal displacement reaction?

A) NaCl (aq)+ AgNO₃ (aq) $\rightarrow$ AgCl (s)+ NaNO₃ (aq)
B) HBr (aq)+ KOH (aq) $\rightarrow$ H₂O (l)+ KBr (aq)
C) Zn (s)+ 2 HCl (aq) $\rightarrow$ ZnCl₂ (aq)+ H₂ (g)
D) 2 LiI (aq)+ Pb(NO₃)₂ (aq) $\rightarrow$ PbI₂ (s)+ 2 LiNO₃ (aq)

Question 6

A 3.0-kg sample of pond water contains 3.6 mg of a pollutant.What is the concentration of this pollutant in ppm?

A) 3.6 × 10^-3 ppm
B) 517 ppm
C) 7.2 × 10^-6 ppm
D) 1.2 ppm

Question 7

A chemist prepares an aqueous solution of sodium chloride.The solution contains 50.0 g of NaCl and has a volume of 450 mL.What is the molarity of this solution?

A) 19.0 M
B) 1.90 M
C) 5.00 M
D) 0.00190 M

Question 8

A compound dissolved in a solvent is called a(n):

A) solute.
B) solid.
C) barometer.
D) solvent.

Question 9

What is the molar concentration of NH₄⁺ ions in a 3.1 M solution of (NH₄)₂SO₄?

A) 3.1 M
B) 1.5 M
C) 6.2 M
D) 9.3 M

Question 10

Consider a semipermeable membrane that is separating two solutions.One solution is a 1.7-M CsCl solution.Which solution choice,when paired with the 1.7-M CsCl,will cause water to flow toward the CsCl solution?

A) 1.5 M KCl
B) 1.2 M CaCl₂
C) 1.0 M LiBr
D) 0.75 M NaC₂H₃O₂

Question 11

A chemist prepares an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.The solution contains 120.0 g of NaOH and has a volume of 600 mL.What is the molarity of this solution?

A) 1,000 M
B) 7.50 M
C) 5.00 M
D) 0.005 M

Question 12

Which reaction is an acid-base reaction?

A) NaBr (aq)+ AgNO₃ (aq) $\rightarrow$ AgBr (s)+ NaNO₃ (aq)
B) HCl (aq)+ NaOH (aq) $\rightarrow$ H₂O (l)+ NaCl (aq)
C) Zn (s)+ 2 HCl (aq) $\rightarrow$ 0 ZnCl₂ (aq)+ H₂ (g)
D) 2 LiI (aq)+ Pb(NO₃)₂ (aq) $\rightarrow$ PbI₂ (s)+ 2 LiNO₃ (aq)

Question 13

Consider a semipermeable membrane that is separating two solutions.One solution is a 0.50-M CaCl₂ solution.Which solution choice,when paired with the 0.50-M CaCl₂,will cause water to flow away from the CaCl₂ solution?

A) 1.5 M KCl
B) 1.2 M SrCl₂
C) 0.60 M LiBr
D) 0.95 M NaC₂H₃O₂

Question 14

Which solution will provide the HIGHEST boiling point?

A) 1.0 M NaC₂H₃O₂
B) 1.0 M KCl
C) 0.50 M Na₂CO₃
D) 3.50 M NaI

Question 15

What is the molar concentration of Li⁺ ions in a 0.750 M solution of Li₃PO₄?

A) 0.750 M
B) 1.50 M
C) 0.250 M
D) 2.25 M

Question 16

A solution of lithium carbonate in water has a concentration of 5.0 M.How many moles of lithium carbonate are in 1.2 liters of this solution?

A) 4.2 moles
B) 6.0 moles
C) 3.8 moles
D) 0.24 moles

Question 17

A 1.0-M aq.LiBr solution and a 1.0 M CaBr₂ solution are separated by a semipermeable membrane.Which statement is correct?

A) The CaBr₂ solution has a higher ion concentration and therefore the higher osmotic pressure.The water will flow toward the CaBr₂ solution.
B) The LiBr solution has a higher ion concentration and therefore the higher osmotic pressure.The water will flow toward the LiBr solution.
C) The CaBr₂ solution has a lower ion concentration and therefore the higher osmotic pressure.The water will flow toward the CaBr₂ solution.
D) The LiBr solution has a lower ion concentration and therefore the higher osmotic pressure.The water will flow toward the LiBr solution.

Question 18

The driving force of a neutralization reaction is the formation of:

A) acid.
B) base.
C) precipitate.
D) water.

Question 19

Normal saline solution is 0.90% NaCl (g/mL).How many grams of sodium chloride are needed to prepare 3.5 L of a normal saline solution?

A) 31.5 g
B) 3.15 g
C) 0.315 g
D) 0.019 g

Question 20

You wish to prepare 140.0 mL of a 3.0 M solution of NaOH by diluting a concentrated 10.0 M NaOH solution.What volume of the concentrated solution is required to do this?

A) 7.0 mL
B) 20 mL
C) 42 mL
D) 0.47 mL

Question 21

The driving force of a precipitation reaction is the formation of:

A) acid.
B) base.
C) precipitate.
D) water.

Question 22

What is the precipitate for the following precipitation reaction? LiBr (aq)+ AgNO₃ (aq) $\rightarrow$

A) AgBr (s)
B) AgBr (aq)
C) LiNO₃ (aq)
D) H₂O (l)

Question 23

Consider the following equation: Cu (s)+ 2 HBr (aq) $\rightarrow$ CuBr₂ (aq)+ H₂ (g)
A 100 mL solution of 0.025-M HBr that completely reacts with copper metal will produce _____ moles of hydrogen gas.

A) 0.0025
B) 0.0013
C) 0.13
D) 1.5

Question 24

Zinc metal reacts with aqueous hydrochloric acid to produce zinc chloride and hydrogen gas. Zn (s)+ 2 HCl (aq) $\rightarrow$ ZnCl₂ (aq)+ H₂ (g)
What volume of 3.55-M HCl is required to produce 25.5 L of hydrogen gas at a temperature of 298 K and a pressure of 1.20 atm?

A) 1.25 L
B) 2.50 L
C) 0.705 L
D) 8.88 L

Question 25

Consider the following equation: Zn (s)+ 2 HCl (aq) $\rightarrow$ ZnCl₂ (aq)+ H₂ (g)
A 50-mL solution of 2.5-M HCl that completely reacts with zinc metal will produce _____ moles of ZnCl₂.

A) 0.50
B) 0.063
C) 0.13
D) 1.5

Question 26

Consider the following equation: HCl (aq)+ NaOH (aq) $\rightarrow$ H₂O (l)+ NaCl (aq)
If 0.25 moles of sodium hydroxide completely react with hydrochloric acid,how many moles of water will be made?

A) 0.50 moles
B) 1.0 moles
C) 0.25 moles
D) 1.5 moles

Question 27

What is the precipitate for the following precipitation reaction? 2 NaCl (aq)+ Pb(NO₃)₂ (aq) $\rightarrow$

A) PbCl₂ (s)
B) NaNO₃ (aq)
C) Pb(NO₃)₂ (aq)
D) H₂O (l)

Question 28

Consider the following equation; Zn (s)+ 2 HCl (aq) $\rightarrow$ ZnCl₂ (aq)+ H₂ (g)
If 0.50 moles of zinc metal completely react with hydrochloric acid,how many moles of hydrogen gas will be made?

A) 0.50 moles
B) 1.0 moles
C) 0.25 moles
D) 1.5 moles

Question 29

Consider the following equation: Cu (s)+ 2 HBr (aq) $\rightarrow$ CuBr₂ (aq)+ H₂ (g)
A 25 mL solution of 1.5-M HBr that completely reacts with copper metal will produce _____ moles of CuBr₂.

A) 0.038
B) 0.019
C) 0.13
D) 1.5

Question 30

Copper metal reacts with aqueous hydrobromic acid to produce copper (II)bromide and hydrogen gas. Cu (s)+ 2 HBr (aq) $\rightarrow$ CuBr₂ (aq)+ H₂ (g)
What volume of 2.50-M HBr is required to produce 45.0 L of hydrogen gas at a temperature of 298 K and a pressure of 1.00 atm?

A) 1.84 L
B) 3.68 L
C) 1.47 L
D) 2.94 L