Deck 12: Preventing Infectious Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections

Question 1

The success of vaccines relies on which type of immune cell?

A) Macrophage
B) Natural killer cell
C) Neutrophils
D) Memory B cells

Answer 1

Memory B cells

Question 2

All of the following regarding HSV 2 are true except

A) it's often mistaken for jock itch or a yeast infection.
B) some individuals are asymptomatic.
C) individuals with HSV1 develop an immunity to HSV 2.
D) it is highly contagious.

Answer 2

individuals with HSV1 develop an immunity to HSV 2.

Question 3

If a person is infectious but has no symptoms, they are considered a

A) carrier.
B) vector.
C) host.
D) transmitter.

Answer 3

carrier.

Question 4

Alcohol-based hand sanitizers

A) are only used in hospital settings.
B) are preferable to water and soap.
C) will not cause antibiotic resistance.
D) are best used for dirty hands.

Question 5

Allergies are due to

A) decreased natural killer-cell numbers.
B) exposure to certain microbes.
C) the release of histamine by mast cells.
D) the production of antibodies by macrophages.

Question 6

Recall Jessica's story. She takes all the following precautions to avoid an infection except

A) using hand sanitizers.
B) frequently washing her hands.
C) living at home instead of on campus.
D) getting the flu shot.

Question 7

The cells responsible for producing antibodies are called ________ cells.

A) Helper
B) B
C) Natural Killer
D) T

Question 8

Nonspecific immunity involves all of the following except

A) T cells.
B) neutrophils.
C) macrophages.
D) natural killer cells.

Question 9

All of the following are examples of direct transmission of a disease except

A) kissing someone who is sick.
B) being bitten by a rabid animal.
C) touching a shopping cart handle after an infected individual coughed on it then rubbing your eyes.
D) having unprotected sex with someone who has HSV2.

Question 10

Checking your body for ________ after a hike in the woods is the best way to prevent Lyme disease.

A) mosquito bites
B) red bugs
C) ticks
D) fleas

Question 11

Cells called ________ survey our bodies and gobble up bacteria and wounded and dead cells.

A) T cells
B) macrophages
C) memory cells
D) cytokines

Question 12

All of the following are correct about vaccines except

A) they can be prepared from weakened pathogens.
B) they can cause autism.
C) they allow the body to develop immunity to a pathogen without being ill.
D) they induce active immunity.

Question 13

Inflammation is classified as a(n)

A) specific immune response.
B) allergic reaction.
C) nonspecific immune response.
D) herd response.

Question 14

Lymphocytes are a type of

A) antigen.
B) macrophage.
C) white blood cell.
D) antibody.

Question 15

Anaphylaxis is a

A) beneficial response to rid the body of pathogens.
B) drop in blood pressure and constriction of airways due to an allergic response.
C) type of passive immunity after a vaccination.
D) complication of tertiary syphilis.

Question 16

The body's first line of defense against pathogens includes

A) mucous membranes.
B) B cells.
C) macrophages.
D) mast cells.

Question 17

Malaria is typically transmitted through the bites of infected

A) mosquitoes.
B) birds.
C) ticks.
D) fleas.

Question 18

The incidence of allergies has increased in recent years due to all of the following except

A) increased exposure to microbes.
B) smaller family size.
C) less exposure to animals.
D) use of antibiotics and vaccines to prevent diseases.

Question 19

Arielle just adopted a dog from the animal shelter. It is important that her dog should be vaccinated against contracting and transmitting this infection.

A) Tuberculosis
B) MRSA
C) H1N1 virus
D) Rabies

Question 20

The role of antibodies is to

A) attack the invader.
B) mark the invader for destruction.
C) destroy the infected cells.
D) stop cells from being infected.

Question 21

Colds can't be treated with antibiotics because

A) it is not known what causes colds.
B) antibiotics don't kill viruses.
C) the bacteria that cause colds are resistant to antibiotics.
D) antibiotics only work before symptoms appear.

Question 22

Lyme disease

A) is transmitted by contaminated water.
B) can last for years if untreated.
C) will usually go away by itself.
D) is commonly referred to as MRSA.

Question 23

Physicians generally prescribe antibiotics to treat a strep throat, because if left untreated, it can lead to

A) rheumatic fever.
B) pneumonia.
C) toxic shock syndrome.
D) mononucleosis.

Question 24

John just came back from a camping trip and noticed a bull's-eye-shaped skin rash on his arm. Which disease does John probably have?

A) MRSA skin infection
B) Toxic shock syndrome
C) Mononucleosis
D) Lyme disease

Question 25

Which disease causes the lymph nodes and tonsils to become enlarged?

A) Mononucleosis
B) Lyme disease
C) Meningitis
D) Pneumonia

Question 26

All of the following are correct about influenza except

A) there is an inhaled vaccine available to prevent it.
B) up to 20 percent of the U.S. population get the flu every year.
C) flu cannot lead to pneumonia.
D) animals are a reservoir for flu viruses.

Question 27

Which statement is incorrect about viruses?

A) They can multiply outside a host.
B) They hijack a cell once they enter.
C) They can only be seen with a microscope.
D) There are vaccines available to prevent many viral diseases.

Question 28

The two most common types of bacteria that cause meningitis are Neisseria meningitides and

A) Streptococcus pneumoniae.
B) Staphylococcus aureus.
C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
D) Chlamydia trachomatis.

Question 29

Rhinoviruses typically cause

A) colds.
B) herpes sores.
C) tuberculosis.
D) genital warts.

Question 30

In 1980, more than 800 people developed toxic shock syndrome, and 38 died from it. This outbreak was linked to

A) the use of a highly absorbent tampon.
B) wrestling mats that were not adequately sanitized.
C) contaminated beef used by a large restaurant chain.
D) mosquito infestations during a particularly humid summer.

Question 31

Janet's mom has an infection caused by MRSA. All of the following are correct about MRSA except

A) it can cause serious skin infections.
B) it is a type of Staphylococcus.
C) it is treatable with a variety of antibiotics.
D) it is transmitted by skin-to-skin contact.

Question 32

All of the following are correct about hepatitis A except

A) it is transmitted by animals.
B) it is the most widespread form of hepatitis.
C) most people make a full recovery from the disease.
D) there is an effective vaccine to prevent it.

Question 33

When many people suddenly acquire a disease throughout the world, it is called

A) sporadic.
B) epidemic.
C) pandemic.
D) endemic.

Question 34

The Epstein-Barr virus causes

A) herpes.
B) rabies.
C) measles.
D) mononucleosis.

Question 35

Which type of hepatitis is the primary reason for liver transplants in the United States?

A) Hepatitis A
B) Hepatitis B
C) Hepatitis C
D) Hepatitis D

Question 36

All of the following are correct about bacteria except

A) they can live independently in nature.
B) some produce harmful toxins.
C) they are single-celled microorganisms.
D) most types of bacteria are harmful.

Question 37

Meningitis is an infection of the meninges. The meninges are the thin membranes that

A) surround the spinal cord and brain.
B) surround the heart.
C) line the heart, including the valves.
D) line the urinary tract.

Question 38

All of the following are correct about tuberculosis except

A) symptoms include weight loss, fatigue, and a persistent cough.
B) a ten-day course of medication is the recommended treatment.
C) infection rates are highest in the United States among immigrants and minorities.
D) latent TB does not cause symptoms.

Question 39

Staph may cause all of the following except

A) skin ailments.
B) cancer.
C) lung infection.
D) organ failure.

Question 40

The 2009 H1N1 flu virus started in which animal?

A) Rats
B) Chickens
C) Cattle
D) Pigs

Question 41

Candida albicans

A) is transmitted by pubic lice.
B) can cause an infection after taking antibiotics.
C) was once the leading cause of death in the United States.
D) is transmitted by contaminated water or food.

Question 42

Hepatitis B is most commonly spread through

A) unprotected sex.
B) sharing needles.
C) unclean water.
D) fecal matter.

Question 43

HIV can be transmitted in all the following ways except through

A) blood.
B) breast milk.
C) sharing a cup.
D) anal intercourse.

Question 44

The only way to avoid getting West Nile Virus is to avoid

A) unwashed vegetables.
B) undercooked meat.
C) mosquito bites.
D) unprotected sex.

Question 45

The continent with the highest incidence of HIV/AIDS is

A) North America.
B) South America.
C) Europe.
D) Africa.

Question 46

Small tumor-like growths called gummas may appear when which disease goes untreated for years?

A) HIV
B) Rabies
C) Streptococcal pneumonia
D) Syphilis

Question 47

All of the following may raise a woman's risk of contracting PID except

A) having a pelvic exam.
B) douching.
C) having an IUD inserted.
D) having multiple sex partners.

Question 48

Which is not a type of fungus?

A) Mold
B) Mildew
C) Yeast
D) Helminths

Question 49

Which is correct about sexually transmitted infections?

A) They are not very common.
B) There are more than 30 different causes.
C) Women are at less risk than men.
D) People under the age of 25 are less vulnerable.

Question 50

Which of the following is not considered as an emerging disease?

A) H1N1 influenza
B) Rabies
C) Bird flu
D) West Nile Virus

Question 51

All of the following are true about herpes except

A) most infected people do not realize they have the virus.
B) oral sex can pass both HSV-1 and HSV-2 back and forth between the mouth and genitals.
C) you can spread the virus to someone else only when you have visible blisters.
D) it can be fatal to newborns.

Question 52

The Gardisil vaccine is recommended to prevent

A) herpes.
B) chlamydia.
C) human papillomavirus.
D) gonorrhea.

Question 53

A possible outcome of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is

A) cancer.
B) infertility.
C) rheumatic fever.
D) opportunistic diseases.

Question 54

Mother-to-child transmission of HIV can occur in all of the following ways except

A) kissing the baby.
B) breastfeeding the baby.
C) during childbirth.
D) during pregnancy.

Question 55

All of the following groups of people are disproportionately infected with HIV in the United States except

A) African Americans.
B) IV drug users.
C) homosexual men.
D) immigrants.

Question 56

All of the following are true about herpes except

A) treatment helps alleviate symptoms.
B) there is no cure for the disease.
C) condoms prevent the spread of herpes.
D) herpes can leave the body vulnerable to other STIs.

Question 57

Which sexually transmitted infection can cause cancer?

A) Syphilis
B) Human papillomavirus
C) Gonorrhea
D) Chlamydia

Question 58

A chancre is associated with which disease?

A) HIV
B) Human papillomavirus (HPV)
C) Syphilis
D) Gonorrhea

Question 59

The effects of HIV are most damaging to which body system?

A) Digestive system
B) Immune system
C) Respiratory system
D) Reproductive system

Question 60

A tapeworm is an example of a ________ infection.

A) protozoan
B) parasitic
C) fungal
D) sexually transmitted

Question 61

Over 1/2 of all staph infections were MRSA in 2004.

Question 62

Pneumonia can only be caused by bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Question 63

Painful urination, a greenish-yellow vaginal discharge, and itching are symptoms of

A) gonorrhea.
B) pubic lice.
C) trichomoniasis.
D) syphilis.

Question 64

AIDS is also called advanced HIV disease.

Question 65

Not everyone with a tuberculosis infection will become ill from it.

Question 66

Herd immunity offers some protection to individuals who are not vaccinated.

Question 67

With specific prevention interventions, the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV can be reduced to less than 5%.

Question 68

To achieve artificially acquired immunity, antibodies are introduced into the body.

Question 69

The main symptom of scabies is

A) blindness.
B) itching.
C) blisters.
D) dementia.

Question 70

If Lyme disease goes untreated, it can lead to permanent neurological problems.

Question 71

Bacteria and viruses can enter the body through unbroken skin.

Question 72

Antigens are tiny regions on the surface of a pathogen.

Question 73

A drinking cup can be a vector for disease.

Question 74

It is well established through medical research that the MMR vaccine causes autism in children.

Question 75

Flu symptoms are worse than the symptoms of the common cold, but no one dies from the flu.

Question 76

Pubic lice can infect beards, eyelashes, and mustaches.

Question 77

The bacteria that cause tuberculosis typically attack the lungs, where they create holes and hinder breathing.

Question 78

Mutations allow bacteria to overcome the effects of an antibiotic.

Question 79

Passive immunity only has the potential to last a few months.

Question 80

Successfully defeating an illness never leaves a person immune.