Question 1

What is the purpose of the nursing research chairs established across Canada?&#10;A) to promote evidence-based practice&#10;B) to promote the nursing profession&#10;C) to examine nursing practice and resources,and develop knowledge transfer strategies&#10;D) to fund nursing research

Accepted Answer

RAT: A number of nursing research chairs have been established across Canada funded jointly by the Canadian Institute for Health Research and the Canadian Health Services Research Foundation.The purpose of the chairs is to set up research programs to examine nursing practice,nursing resources,and strategies for transferring into policy and practice.

Question 2

Some concerns about evidence-based practice expressed by nurses and other health professionals include which of the following statements?&#10;A) It requires additional education.&#10;B) It requires additional time and resources.&#10;C) It is difficult to implement.&#10;D) It ignores client preferences and values.

Accepted Answer

RAT: Nurses and other health professionals have some concerns that evidence-based practice may not always take into account client preferences and values,that it is outside of a theoretical base,and that it overemphasizes quantitative research and randomized control trials.

Question 3

What does the term EPC stand for in relation to health care research?&#10;A) evidence-based care&#10;B) evidence-based practice and collaboration&#10;C) evidence-based practice centres&#10;D) evidence-based consultations

Accepted Answer

RAT: Evidence-based practice centres (EPCs)were first established in 1997 in the United States by the U.S.Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.There are now 13 EPCs: 10 are located throughout the U.S.and 3 are located in Canada in Edmonton,Ottawa,and Hamilton.

Question 4

Which of the following is an evidenced-based nursing program or initiative in Canada?&#10;A) Joanna Briggs Evidence Based Nursing and Midwifery&#10;B) Sara Cole Hirsch Institute for Best Nursing Practice Based on Evidence&#10;C) Nursing Health Services Research Unit&#10;D) The University of York Centre for Evidenced Based Nursing

Accepted Answer

RAT: Canada the Universities of Toronto and McMaster University received provincial funding for the forerunner of the Nursing Health Services Research Unit.The Joanna Briggs Evidence Based Nursing and Midwifery was established in Australia and in the United States the Sara Cole Hirsch Institute for Best Nursing Practice Based on Evidence was established in 1998.In Britain,The University of York has established a centre for evidenced-based nursing

Question 5

Despite the importance of evidence-based medicine,many physicians have been concerned that it may most devalue which of the following factors?&#10;A) individual preference&#10;B) clinical expertise&#10;C) continuing education&#10;D) the art of clinical medicine

Accepted Answer

RAT: Tracy (2003)observed that it has taken physicians almost 20 years to accept that evidence-based practice does not devalue the "art" of clinical medicine.Evidence-based practice also acknowledges the importance of balancing current evidence with clinical expertise,individual preference,and local availability.

Question 6

Which of these factors does evidence-based medicine and practice integrate with the best external evidence and individual clinical expertise?&#10;A) RTCs&#10;B) current practice&#10;C) client choice&#10;D) physician preferences

Accepted Answer

RAT: Evidence-based practice requires a bottom up approach that integrates client choice with clinical expertise and research evidence so as to not result in a cookbook approach to client care.Clinical expertise is critical for determining whether the external evidence applies to the individual client and how it should be applied.

Question 7

At which university's school of medicine was the term evidence-based medicine first coined?&#10;A) Johns Hopkins University&#10;B) University of Toronto&#10;C) McMaster University&#10;D) Oxford University

Accepted Answer

RAT: The term evidenced-based medicine was first used in the 1970s to refer to a clinical learning model used by the McMaster University School of Medicine.In the 1980s the term was used to refer to movement in medical practice.David Sackett along with educators and researchers at Oxford University encouraged the concept of evidence-based medicine as a way to integrate clinical experience with the best available research evidence using a systematic approach to guide clinical decision making.

Question 8

Which other two terms does the term evidence-based practice encompass?&#10;A) evidence-based medicine and the clinical setting&#10;B) evidence-based medicine and evidenced-based care&#10;C) guidelines and care plans&#10;D) research utilization and practice

Accepted Answer

RAT: Evidence-based practice is a more inclusive and neutral term that incorporates evidence-based medicine with evidenced-based care.Research utilization is just one factor in evidence-based practice.The clinical setting and client circumstances are two factors considered in evidenced-based practice.Guidelines and care plans are based on the best research evidence and developed with consideration for local values and resources.

Question 9

Which observation about the actual implementation of evidenced-based practice is often true in practice?&#10;A) A large portion of clinical practice in medicine is not supported by research.&#10;B) Most clinical practice is evidence based.&#10;C) Research evidence has replaced traditional practices in health care.&#10;D) A large portion of nursing practice is not supported by research.

Accepted Answer

RAT: In spite of an increasing focus on evidence based practice much of clinical practice is still not supported by research,and there is concern about the length of time it takes new knowledge created by research to find its way into daily clinical practice.Many within nursing believe that nursing is likely in the same position.

Question 10

Which type of evidence is used by nursing administrators to inform their decision-making?&#10;A) quasi-experimental studies&#10;B) organization evidence&#10;C) political evidence&#10;D) qualitative research evidence

Accepted Answer

RAT: Nursing administrators use organization evidence to help them make administrative decisions.Organizational evidence comes from outside the scientific realm and includes information such as financial reports and program evaluations.Political evidence refers to systematically collected information about how various stakeholders will respond to policy decisions.

Question 11

Which of the following is referred to by the acronym KTE?&#10;A) Knowledge Transfer and Exchange&#10;B) Knowledge Terms and Education&#10;C) Knowledge Technology and Education&#10;D) Knowledge Transfer and Effect

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is referred to...

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a government-funded project to examine nursing-sensitive client outcomes?&#10;A) the Evidenced-Based Nursing Study&#10;B) the Ontario Nursing Task Force&#10;C) the Nursing and Health Outcomes Project&#10;D) the Best Nursing Practice Project

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 13

Which of the following defines the term meta-analysis?&#10;A) a statistical technique to compare results of different studies&#10;B) an evaluation of a large number of similar studies&#10;C) an overview of related research studies&#10;D) a statistical technique for pooling results of multiple studies measuring the same outcome

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following defines the term...

Question 14

Which of these information sources provides nurses with up-to-the-moment clinical information that warrants immediate attention?&#10;A) Evidenced-Based Nursing&#10;B) Clinical Nursing Research&#10;C) Canadian Journal of Nursing Leadership&#10;D) Worldwide Nursing

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these information sources provides nurses...

Question 15

In researching a focused clinical question,what type of source would provide an appraisal of comprehensive current evidence?&#10;A) synthesis&#10;B) a systematic review&#10;C) a database&#10;D) narrative review

Accepted Answer

The answer of In researching a focused clinical question,what type...

Question 16

Which term refers to research on the safety and effectiveness of nursing interventions?&#10;A) clinical expertise evidence&#10;B) best research evidence&#10;C) evidence-based research&#10;D) clinical interventions data

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which term refers to research on the...

Question 17

What is the term for the systematic review of international medical research literature that was started by a British epidemiologist?&#10;A) the McMaster Library&#10;B) the Cochrane Database&#10;C) Online Journal of Knowledge Synthesis&#10;D) the Cochrane Library

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the term for the systematic...

Question 18

What is the purpose of the Canadian Health Services Research Foundation (CHSRF)?&#10;A) to promote the development of evidence-based care&#10;B) to bridge the gap between research and health care management and policy&#10;C) to conduct primary research&#10;D) to provide funding for research

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the purpose of the Canadian...

Deck 3: Evidence-Based Practice