Deck 5: The Project in the Organizational Structure

Question 1

Viewing the whole at one time rather than each piece individually describes the __________ approach.

A)holistic
B)enveloping
C)homogeneous
D)encompassing

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The __________ matrix is most similar to the projectized organizational form.

A)strong
B)weak
C)functional
D)mixed

Answer 2

A

Question 3

There are many reasons for the rapid growth of project‐oriented organizations,but most of them can be subsumed in four general areas.Which of the following is not one of those four general areas?

A)Low prices and low incremental costs have become absolute requirements for successful competition.
B)The development of new products,processes,or services regularly requires inputs from diverse areas of specialized knowledge.
C)The rapid expansion of technological possibilities in almost every area of enterprise tends to destabilize the structure of organizations.
D)The rapid expansion of technological possibilities in almost every area of enterprise tends to destabilize the structure of organizations.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which organizational structure has the highest availability of resources?

A)Functional
B)Weak matrix
C)Strong matrix
D)Projectized

Question 5

Identify the statement that is not a major advantage of placing a project in the matrix approach.

A)A single individual,the project manager,takes responsibility for managing the project.
B)The project will have access to representatives from the administrative units of the parent firm.
C)The division of authority between the project manager and the functional managers is complex.
D)There may be less anxiety among team members about what will happen to them when the project is completed.

Question 6

Identify the statement that is not a major disadvantage of placing a project within the pure project organization.

A)The project manager has full line authority over the project.
B)Projects duplicate effort because resources are not shared across projects.
C)Projects attempt to stockpile resources.
D)Policies and procedures of the organization are inconsistently used and enforced.

Question 7

When a project requires the integration of inputs from several functional areas and involves reasonably sophisticated technology,but does not require all the technical specialists to work for the project on a full-time basis,the __________ organizational form should be used.

A)functional
B)matrix
C)pure project
D)mixed

Question 8

Identify the statement that is not a major disadvantage of placing a project within a functional element of the parent organization.

A)There is a tendency to suboptimize the project.
B)The project's client is not the primary focus of activity in the function.
C)The motivation of people assigned to the project tends to be weak.
D)The functional division contains the normal path of advancement for individuals whose expertise is in the functional area.

Question 9

A major advantage of using a __________ placement for a project is that individual experts can be utilized by many different projects.

A)standard
B)virtual
C)projectized
D)functional

Question 10

The __________ matrix is least similar to the pure project organizational form.

A)strong
B)weak
C)functional
D)mixed

Question 11

The __________ organizational form is a pure project organization overlaid on the functional divisions of the parent firm.

A)matrix
B)functional
C)mixed-matrix
D)projectized

Question 12

Identify the statement that is not a major disadvantage of placing the project in the matrix approach.

A)The balance of power between stakeholders is delicate.
B)Balancing the demands of competing projects using shared resource pools is complicated.
C)The principle of unity of command is violated.
D)The project manager takes responsibility for managing the project.

Question 13

Identify the statement that is not a major advantage of placing a project within the pure project organization.

A)The functional manager retains full line authority over project team members.
B)The lines of communication are shortened in regards to the project's resources.
C)Centralized authority tends to increase the speed of decision-making.
D)A holistic approach to performing the project is supported.

Question 14

An organization structure that is based on the Financial,Human Resources and Operational departments rather than by project is termed as a(n)__________.

A)matrix organization
B)parent organization
C)functional organization
D)projectized organization

Question 15

If the project manager controls when and what people do while the functional managers control who will be assigned to the project and what technology will be used,the __________ organizational form is probably being used.

A)projectized
B)pure project
C)matrix
D)weak project

Question 16

In a _____ organization,the firm's administrative support groups (HR,Legal,Finance, Controller,and so on)report to the President or CEO as staff units.

A)matrix
B)dual-matrix
C)functional
D)projectized

Question 17

In which organizational structure does the project manager have the highest level of authority?

A)Functional
B)Weak matrix
C)Strong matrix
D)Projectized

Question 18

In which organizational structure does the project manager have ownership of the project budget?

A)Functional
B)Weak matrix
C)Balanced matrix
D)Projectized

Question 19

The underlying principle of modern organizations is __________ of the human elements in the group.

A)specialization
B)management
C)unification
D)employment

Question 20

Identify the statement that is not a major advantage of placing a project within a functional element of the parent organization.

A)The flexible use of staff increases.
B)Expertise is easily shared across multiple projects.
C)The functional division tends to be oriented towards activities particular to its function.
D)The functional division serves as a base of technological continuity.

Question 21

In which organizational structure is the project manager part-time?

A)Functional
B)Balanced matrix
C)Strong matrix
D)Projectized

Question 22

Gratton also offers some rules for success when organizations find they must use geographically dispersed virtual teams for some of their projects.Which of the following is not one of those rules?

A)Only virtual teams use for projects that are challenging and interesting.
B)Pick the highest performers and assign them to the virtual team.
C)Include a few members in the team who already know each other.
D)Encourage frequent communication,but not social gatherings.

Question 23

In which organizational structure is the project administrative staff full-time?

A)Functional
B)Weak matrix
C)Balanced matrix
D)Projectized

Question 24

This person's task is the efficient production of the product or process the project engineer has designed,including responsibility for manufacturing engineering,design and production of code,unit testing,production scheduling,and other production tasks.

A)test engineer
B)contract administrator
C)development engineer
D)systems architect

Question 25

A major purpose of the project management office should be to serve as __________.

A)the central location for all clerical support
B)the critical disaster recovery support
C)a link between strategic management and project management
D)maintenance for the project management library

Question 26

The process of dealing with uncertainties in projects that may affect the project for better or for worse has come to be known as __________.

A)scope management
B)risk management
C)quality management
D)procurement management

Question 27

A characteristic of __________ projects is that the work on these projects can cross time,space,organizational,and cultural boundaries.

A)matrix
B)projectized
C)standard
D)virtual

Question 28

This member of the project team is in charge of product design and development and is responsible for functional analysis,specifications,drawings,cost estimates,quality / reliability,engineering changes,and documentation.

A)systems architect
B)manufacturing engineer
C)project controller
D)support services manager

Question 29

A common objective of an organization's PMO is often created by organizations to __________.

A)establish consistent project management standards and methods
B)deal with technological obsolescence
C)train process managers
D)administer application software

Question 30

If both functional and projectized divisions coexist in a firm,this would result in the ______ organizational structure.

A)composite
B)objective
C)encompassing
D)free-form

Question 31

Virtual teams,when composed,should consist of "boundary spanners" who number about one in every __________ team members.

A)6-7
B)8-12
C)10-20
D)25-30

Question 32

The __________ is in charge of the basic product design and development and is responsible for functional analysis,specifications,drawings,cost estimates,and documentation.

A)test engineer
B)contract administrator
C)development engineer
D)systems architect

Question 33

This member of the project team is responsible for the efficient production of the product of the process,including the manufacturing engineering,design and production of tooling,production scheduling,and other production tasks.

A)project engineer
B)development engineer
C)contract administrator
D)support services manager

Question 34

When a firm engages in a large number of similar projects,the __________ organizational form is apt to be preferred.

A)pure project
B)partial matrix
C)functional
D)mixed matrix

Question 35

In the __________ form of organizational structure,pure functional and pure project organizations may coexist in the firm.

A)strong
B)weak
C)functional
D)mixed

Question 36

A major contribution of __________ is to establish project administration procedures for selecting,initializing and planning,budgeting,and scheduling projects as well as to serve as a repository for reports on the performance of the planning,budgeting,scheduling,and resource allocation processes.

A)stakeholders
B)the change control board
C)PMOs
D)team members

Question 37

To achieve its goals,PMOs and EPMOs commonly perform many tasks.Which of the following is not one of those tasks?

A)Help project managers with administrative details such as status reports
B)Conduct project reviews and audits
C)Establish a project resource database and manage the resource pool
D)Serve as a home for the project managers and functional workers assigned to the project one the project is completed

Question 38

To achieve its goals,PMOs and EPMOs commonly perform many tasks.Which of the following is not one of those tasks?

A)Establish and enforce good project management processes
B)Assess and improve the organization's project management maturity
C)Ensure that all of the budgetary procedures for the client are followed
D)Offer consulting services to the organization's project managers

Question 39

This person is responsible for the installation,testing,and support of the product (process)once its engineering is complete.

A)development engineer
B)systems architect
C)test engineer
D)project controller

Question 40

When the major focus of a project must be on the in-depth application of a technology rather than on minimizing cost,meeting a specific schedule or achieving speedy response to change,the __________ organizational form is apt to be the form of choice.

A)strong
B)weak
C)functional
D)mixed

Question 41

Identify the major reasons for the rapid growth of project-oriented organizations.

Question 42

Identify three major advantages and disadvantages of using functional elements of the parent organization as the administrative home for a project.Assume that the structure is appropriate for the project being undertaken.

Question 43

This behavior in a project manager would be highly correlated with unsuccessful project management.

A)conflict avoidance
B)interdisciplinary problem solving
C)win -win negotiation techniques
D)risk mitigation

Question 44

A room where project teams can meet,and where the latest details on project progress will be available,is called the __________.

A)Oval Office
B)war room
C)board room
D)locker room

Question 45

The __________ manager is typically responsible for a number of related projects,each with its own project manager.

A)program
B)project
C)client
D)consulting

Question 46

The firm or organization within which the project is being conducted is known as the __________.

A)parent organization
B)consulting firm
C)project team
D)stakeholder company

Question 47

TQM and Six Sigma are good examples of ____________ programs.

A)participative
B)exclusive
C)frequency
D)inclusive

Question 48

It is the responsibility of the __________ to ensure that the project is structured in such a way as to allow for motivational factors to be used.

A)project manager
B)client
C)consultant
D)CIO

Question 49

Discuss the advantages of empowering the project team.

Question 50

The __________ is a basic project document that describes all the work that must be done to complete the project and forms the basis for costing,scheduling,and work responsibility.

A)WBS
B)OBS
C)PMO
D)project charter

Question 51

One of the main technical problems faced by the project manager is meeting __________ without compromising performance.

A)supplier's targets
B)schedule and cost goals
C)technical specifications
D)cost and conflict goals

Question 52

The approach to organizing that includes both functions (disciplines)and projects in its hierarchy is known as the __________.

A)mixed organization
B)functional organization
C)projectized organization
D)matrix organization

Question 53

Project priorities are more of a concern in the __________ stages of the project life cycle.

A)earlier
B)later
C)middle
D)final

Question 54

__________ is defined as inappropriately intense loyalty to the project.

A)Projectitis
B)Assimilation
C)Holism
D)Suboptimization

Question 55

Subletting tasks out to smaller contractors is known as __________.

A)contract management
B)subcontracting
C)contract avoidance
D)contract leasing

Question 56

When the standard departments of the organization represent individual disciplines such as engineering,marketing,purchasing,and so on,the organization follows __________.

A)projectized management
B)matrixed management
C)functional management
D)mixed management

Question 57

The key to conflict resolution is to turn a __________ into a __________.

A)win-lose situation,win-win situation
B)matrix organization; mixed organization
C)subcontract; work breakdown structure
D)functional division,projectized division

Question 58

Identify three major advantages and disadvantages of using the pure project organization as the administrative home for project.Assume that the structure is appropriate for the project being undertaken.

Question 59

__________ engineering refers to the use of a design team that includes design and manufacturing engineers as well as staff from other relevant areas of the business.

A)Concurrent
B)Alignment
C)Matrix
D)Social

Question 60

According to Dewhurst,a group of individuals working independently is a __________.

A)disaster
B)name only team
C)functional team
D)project team

Question 61

Explain how a company can go about implementing a PMO.