Deck 32: Pharmacological Interventions for Substance Use Disorders

Question 1

About of those prescribed disulfiram take it as prescribed.

A) 7 percent
B) 15 percent
C) 20 percent
D) 45 percent

Answer 1

20 percent

Question 2

Amber has overdosed on heroin and has just been rushed to the hospital. She has been given the drug Narcan to help stop the potentially fatal symptoms of the overdose. Amber has been administered this drug

A) intravenously.
B) orally.
C) intramuscularly.
D) through any of these methods, depending on how acute her symptoms are.

Answer 2

intravenously.

Question 3

There has been research of late suggesting that

A) acamprosate is not effective.
B) the diagnosis of alcoholism is usually in error.
C) first-degree relatives of a person with a substance use disorder are as much at risk for the development of a substance use disorder as the identified patient.
D) the medication Cipro is useful in treating alcohol use disorders.

Answer 3

acamprosate is not effective.

Question 4

The benzodiazepines are the compounds of choice for controlling the alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

A) short acting or intermediate acting
B) ultra short acting or short acting
C) ultra short duration or intermediate acting
D) intermediate duration or long duration

Question 5

Your client informs you that he is currently taking Suboxone. You know that this is used in the treatment of ________ dependence.

A) methamphetamine
B) alcohol
C) opiate
D) nicotine

Question 6

Acamprosate has been found to interact with

A) the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
B) tricyclic antidepressants.
C) certain cardiac medications such as the "beta" blockers.
D) no known medications as of yet.

Question 7

The first line of medications to treat the alcohol withdrawal syndrome are the

A) CNS stimulants like methylphenidate.
B) hallucinogens like the peyote cactus.
C) benzodiazepines.
D) antidepressants.

Question 8

There are approved medications used to treat alcohol use disorders.

A) four
B) ten
C) twenty seven
D) hundreds of

Question 9

A danger when using a pharmaceutical as an adjunct to the treatment of an addiction to drugs is that the

A) physician prescribing the drug must guess at the effective dose.
B) patient is already enamored with drugs, and pharmacotherapy might serve as a relapse trigger.
C) synergistic effect between pharmaceuticals prescribed is rarely taken into account.
D) psychopharmaceuticals utilized might work at cross purposes with the treatment staff's goals.

Question 10

One study cited by your text found that 50 percent of patients who had been administered naltrexone

A) relapsed within 3 months of starting treatment with this medication.
B) experienced adverse effects that required the medication be discontinued on the advice of a physician.
C) stopped taking it within the first 30 days.
D) experienced intense cravings for alcohol.

Question 11

The alcohol-disulfiram reaction

A) begins 3-5 hours after the alcohol was ingested.
B) can be fatal under certain conditions.
C) results in abnormally slow respiration.
D) can cause sensory disturbances such as hallucinations.

Question 12

Immunological therapies are being studied for the treatment of addiction.

A) cocaine
B) benzodiazepines
C) alcohol
D) heroin

Question 13

The most successful treatment for nicotine dependence at this time seems to be

A) nicotine patches.
B) Chantix (varenicline).
C) Wellbutrin (bupropion).
D) Inversine (mecamylamine).

Question 14

Transdermal nicotine patches have been found to be successful in treating nicotine dependence.

A) minimally
B) moderately
C) extremely
D) completely not

Question 15

The development of pharmaceuticals specific to substance use disorders has been delayed because

A) those regions of the brain involved in the addictions are so widespread that no single pharmaceutical, or combination of pharmaceuticals, can work on every one.
B) pharmaceutical companies view the demand as too limited to make the development of such medications worthwhile.
C) the current generation of medications is sufficient to treat conditions associated with substance use disorders.
D) there are new medications under development which should revolutionize the treatment of substance use disorders.

Question 16

Research has found that of individual with AUDs prescribed naltrexone relapsed within the first 12 weeks of treatment.

A) 10 percent
B) 22 percent
C) 37 percent
D) 50 percent

Question 17

Ondansetron appears to help in the treatment of AUDs by

A) making the user sick when mixed with alcohol.
B) decreasing cravings.
C) blocking the subjective pleasurable experience of alcohol.
D) all of these answers.

Question 18

An advantage of using the anticonvulsant carbamazepine over benzodiazepines for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal is that it

A) is not addictive.
B) is not sedating.
C) creates nausea in the user.
D) is much cheaper.

Question 19

The side effect profile of which compound allows it to be administered during the acute phase of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome?

A) Naltrexone
B) Acamprosate
C) Vivitrol
D) Disulfiram

Question 20

In addition to treatment for heroin, research is being conducted to see if methadone may also be effective in treating ___________ dependence.

A) nicotine
B) cocaine
C) alcohol
D) marijuana

Question 21

One major problem with the use of clonidine in opioid withdrawal is that it

A) can induce hypertension.
B) reduces the risk of other compounds being abused.
C) increases the risk of drop in blood pressure (increasing risk of patient falls).
D) is prone to induce psychotic episodes.

Question 22

Varenicline can cause all of the following side effects EXCEPT

A) vivid dreams.
B) dry eyes.
C) extended periods of sleep.
D) gingivitis.

Question 23

In spite of methadone's proven effectiveness in lowering morbidity and mortality rates among intravenous opiate abusers

A) the Drug Enforcement Administration still threatens those who prescribe it to narcotics addicts.
B) 13 states do not have methadone maintenance programs.
C) 4 states require the total number of persons on methadone maintenance programs in that state be limited to under 300 people.
D) 4 states do not have methadone programs at all.

Question 24

Naltrexone will block the euphoric effects of a narcotic analgesic for after it was ingested.

A) up to 72 hours
B) only 12 hours
C) 5-7 days
D) no longer than one day

Question 25

Methadone was originally used as a

A) narcotic analgesic developed for use in World War II.
B) way to interrogate captured prisoners, which is to say a truth serum.
C) compound to enhance the effects of the amphetamines being administered to German combat soldiers in World War II.
D) experimental narcotic analgesic that was found to be more dangerous than morphine.

Question 26

Nineteen different pharmaceuticals have been tried in experimental trials as possible pharmacological treatments for cocaine abuse or addiction. According to your text, which of the following is true?

A) Only one has proven effective.
B) None have been identified as being consistently effective, as yet.
C) Electro-convulsive therapy (ECT) appears promising at this time.
D) Desipramine has proven effective.

Question 27

Discuss some of the various nicotine replacement systems used in treating tobacco use disorders.

Question 28

Research has suggested that for every $1 invested in a methadone maintenance program, the return to society is about in terms of reduced hospitalization, crime, etc.

A) $5
B) $24
C) $38
D) $15

Question 29

Why might an opioid antagonist like naltrexone be used in the treatment of AUDs?

Question 30

The most effective pharmacological treatment for amphetamine addiction is

A) topiramate.
B) modafinil.
C) naltrextone.
D) waiting to be discovered.

Question 31

Methadone is thought to be effective because it

A) blocks just 25-35 percent of opioid receptor sites, enough to prevent cravings for these drugs over extended periods of time.
B) binds to narcotic analgesic molecules in the blood, preventing them from forming chemical bonds with blood proteins and thus being more easily removed from the circulation.
C) is able to block 50 percent of the mu receptor sites without activating them.
D) activates only the kappa opioid receptor sites, causing dysphoria should the individual abuse opioids.

Question 32

Buprenorphine is thought to be times as potent as morphine.

A) 5
B) 15
C) 25-50
D) 80

Question 33

Discus the subgroups of medications that might be utilized as adjunctive treatments for SUDs.

Question 34

Describe the three subcategories on medications used in the treatment of opioid use disorders (OUDs).

Question 35

The minimum effective dose of Methadone has been found to be

A) 50 mg per day.
B) 60 mg per day.
C) 70 mg per day.
D) 80 mg per day.

Question 36

In the event of an opiate overdose, the best treatment appears to be administered under a physician's supervision.

A) Narcan
B) aprizalole
C) naltrexone
D) Haldol

Question 37

All of the following have been found to be true about "ultra rapid" methods of narcotics withdrawal EXCEPT

A) it exposes patients to the risk of drug-induced coma.
B) patients receive opiate antagonists after coma is induced.
C) it is more effective in helping the client achieve long-term abstinence than traditional methadone-assisted withdrawal.
D) it is no more effective in helping the client achieve long-term abstinence than traditional methadone-assisted withdrawal.

Question 38

Discuss the "development" of pharmaceutical agents used in the treatment of SUDs, including the issue of "off label"
applications.