Deck 19: Protecting Against Infectious Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections

Question 1

What portion of the world's population is infected with tuberculosis (TB)?

A)one-fifth
B)one-fourth
C)one-third
D)one-half

Answer 1

one-third

Question 2

All of the following behaviors will compromise your immune system's ability to fight infections EXCEPT

A)not getting enough sleep.
B)eating junk food.
C)excessive alcohol consumption.
D)exercising regularly.

Answer 2

exercising regularly.

Question 3

While in the hospital,Daniel's grandmother developed an inflammatory condition that involved a build-up of fluid in her lungs.His grandmother was suffering from

A)tuberculosis.
B)pneumonia.
C)emphysema.
D)influenza.

Answer 3

pneumonia.

Question 4

You woke up this morning with the worst headache of your life,and you feel nauseous.Your neck feels so stiff that you can hardly nod your head.Your roommate says your skin is very hot and you probably have a fever.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)You drank too much and your roommate should make you quit whining and get out of bed.
B)You studied so much last night that you developed a tension headache.Your roommate should let you rest.
C)You are experiencing an aura associated with a migraine headache and your roommate should allow you to turn off all the lights.
D)You have signs of meningitis.Both you and your roommate should go to the health clinic immediately.

Question 5

All of the following are key risk factors for TB EXCEPT

A)poverty.
B)HIV infection.
C)lack of access to treatment.
D)improved sanitation.

Question 6

Disease-causing agents are called

A)pathogens.
B)antibodies.
C)carcinogens.
D)infectious microorganisms.

Question 7

All of the following are true about viruses EXCEPT

A)they are the smallest pathogens.
B)there are hundreds of viruses that cause disease.
C)they can reproduce outside of cells.
D)drug treatment is limited.

Question 8

Key factors in mounting an immune response include all of the following EXCEPT

A)antibodies.
B)macrophages.
C)lymphocytes.
D)red blood cells.

Question 9

A rise in body temperature that occurs to destroy invading cells is a(n)

A)fever.
B)autoimmune disease.
C)sign of hypertension.
D)allergic reaction.

Question 10

A substance that triggers an immune response is a(n)

A)pathogen.
B)antigen.
C)antibody.
D)toxin.

Question 11

The bubonic plague is an example of a(n)

A)pandemic.
B)autoimmune disease.
C)epidemic.
D)treatable infection.

Question 12

You want to decrease your risk of developing an infectious disease.Which of the following factors is within your individual control?

A)heredity
B)nutritional status
C)environmental conditions
D)age

Question 13

Greg frequently gets cold sores (caused by HSV-1).He recently noticed that his left eye had a painful lesion,and he immediately made an appointment with his doctor.Greg's eye most likely became infected with the herpes virus when he touched his mouth and shortly afterward rubbed his eye,which is transmission via

A)autoinoculation.
B)direct contact.
C)indirect contact.
D)irritation.

Question 14

Every time you eat something that contains yellow dye,you wheeze and get a rash.The dye must be an

A)antibody.
B)antigen.
C)enzyme.
D)immunoglobulin.

Question 15

Which of the following is typically due to a staphylococcal infection?

A)scarlet fever
B)pneumonia
C)acne
D)lyme disease

Question 16

All of the following must happen for a disease to occur EXCEPT

A)the host must be susceptible.
B)an agent must transmit a disease.
C)the environment must promote it.
D)the host must never have had the disease before.

Question 17

The common cold is always present in the population,meaning that it is

A)pandemic.
B)virulent.
C)endemic.
D)epidemic.

Question 18

When the body is invaded by antigens,the immune system forms substances called

A)antibodies.
B)macrophages.
C)lymphocytes.
D)helper cells.

Question 19

Two weeks ago your nephew came down with the chickenpox while visiting.Now you have itchy,crusted spots on your arms and you feel terrible.You probably were infected with the chickenpox virus when your nephew was there but did not get sick until now because of the

A)immune response.
B)incubation period.
C)inoculation period.
D)antibody activity.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a bacterial infection or caused by a bacterial infection?

A)tuberculosis
B)Lyme disease
C)meningitis
D)influenza

Question 21

Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between getting a chill and contracting a cold?

A)A chill may indirectly increase a person's risk for getting a cold by lowering the immune system's resistance.
B)Getting a chill will cause a person to get a cold.
C)Getting a chill has no relationship whatsoever to contracting a cold.
D)Getting a chill may actually decrease the incidence,duration,and severity of a cold.

Question 22

Last summer,Mallory began a sexual relationship with a man she later discovered was a user of IV drugs.Now Mallory has hepatitis.Which type is she most likely to have?

A)hepatitis A
B)hepatitis B
C)hepatitis C
D)hepatitis D

Question 23

Ray went on a missionary trip to a developing country.While there,he enjoyed cultural celebrations that gave him the opportunity to sample a wide range of locally grown foods.He had to return home when he contracted hepatitis.Ray most likely has

A)hepatitis A.
B)hepatitis B.
C)hepatitis C.
D)hepatitis D.

Question 24

Candi was mortified when her doctor told her that she had a protozoal disease.She probably had

A)candidiasis.
B)trichomoniasis.
C)parasitic worms.
D)rickettsia.

Question 25

Vincent has suffered recurrent cold sores since childhood.When finals were over,Vincent and his girlfriend celebrated by going to their favorite romantic spot.Since Vincent takes famciclovir (FAMVIR),there is

A)an increased chance of him transmitting the herpes virus to his girlfriend.
B)still some chance that he could transmit the herpes virus to his girlfriend.
C)no chance of him transmitting the herpes virus as long he has no visible cold sores.
D)nothing to worry about since the medication blocks the action of the herpes virus.

Question 26

After a relaxing week of backpacking and camping in the woods,during which you enjoyed drinking cool water from a creek,you have returned to school.Since you got back,you are experiencing abdominal cramps that won't go away.This condition is probably not the result of schoolwork overload,but rather something you picked up during your camping trip.You likely have

A)malaria.
B)trichomoniasis.
C)giardiasis.
D)fungi.

Question 27

Garrett became very ill with an E.coli infection while living on his grandfather's dairy farm last summer.He could have been infected in all of the following ways EXCEPT

A)eating undercooked ground beef.
B)drinking unpasteurized milk.
C)swimming in a sewage-contaminated creek.
D)a mosquito bite.

Question 28

The stage of syphilis that is characterized by a bacteria-filled chancre is

A)primary syphilis.
B)secondary syphilis.
C)latent syphilis.
D)tertiary syphilis.

Question 29

You cannot believe that you seem to have come down with the flu while vacationing at a peaceful resort on a lake.The only downside to the beautiful location is having to constantly apply mosquito repellant to fend off the annoying bugs.The illness you most likely have is

A)Ebola hemorrhagic fever.
B)hantavirus.
C)severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
D)West Nile virus.

Question 30

All of the following are recommended for avoiding contracting or spreading a respiratory infection EXCEPT

A)coughing or sneezing into a tissue or your sleeve.
B)washing hands often with hot,soapy water.
C)keeping your hands away from your face.
D)going to work while sick as long as you take medication.

Question 31

Sierra,now 31,has been trying to get pregnant since she got married 4 years ago.Her doctor suspects that their infertility problem was likely caused by her history of PID from the most commonly reported STI.During her early 20s,Sierra had contracted

A)herpes simplex.
B)gonorrhea.
C)chlamydia.
D)HIV/AIDS.

Question 32

The CDC recommends HPV vaccination for

A)girls beginning at age 13.
B)boys beginning at age 13.
C)both boys and girls beginning at age 11.
D)all teens and adults,within six months of becoming sexually active.

Question 33

Symptoms of viral hepatitis include all of the following EXCEPT

A)excessive appetite.
B)fever and headache.
C)nausea and vomiting.
D)dark yellow urine.

Question 34

Which of the following is a small form of toxin-producing bacteria carried by ticks that causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

A)ehrlichiosis
B)rickettsia
C)Lyme disease
D)tuberculosis

Question 35

Hepatitis B can lead to

A)liver cancer.
B)kidney disease.
C)heart disease.
D)skin cancer.

Question 36

Which of the following statements is correct about hepatitis B infections worldwide?

A)They are increasing but are not a major health problem.
B)They are increasing and are a major health problem.
C)They are declining and not a major health problem.
D)They are declining but are still a major health problem.

Question 37

Delay in seeking medical care for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)increases the risk of permanent damage and scarring that can lead to

A)infertility and other complications.
B)bleeding between periods.
C)painful urination.
D)painful intercourse.

Question 38

A self-replicating protein-based agent that is thought to cause mad cow disease is a type of

A)virus.
B)fungi.
C)protozoan.
D)prion.

Question 39

When Maria's boyfriend returned from the health clinic,he told her he had been diagnosed with gonorrhea.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)Maria should take lots of vitamins and eat a healthy diet to prevent infection.
B)Maria does not need to worry about contracting an STI because she was checked last year.
C)Maria does not need to worry because she does not have any gonorrhea symptoms.
D)Maria should go to the clinic to get tested for gonorrhea and treated if she has it.

Question 40

Bethany is 42 and has cervical cancer.It is probably related to an infection she had during her college years,which was

A)hepatitis A.
B)human papillomavirus (HPV).
C)syphilis.
D)Chlamydia.

Question 41

The virus responsible for causing genital warts is

A)hepatitis B.
B)chlamydia.
C)HPV.
D)syphilis.

Question 42

A key reason for the resurgence of measles and mumps infections is

A)an increased mosquito population.
B)a public backlash against vaccinations.
C)the rise of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.
D)poor sanitation and hygiene in certain areas.

Question 43

Which type of immunity occurs when antibodies develop in response to a vaccine?

A)naturally acquired passive immunity
B)naturally acquired active immunity
C)artificially acquired passive immunity
D)artificially acquired active immunity

Question 44

Candidiasis is which type of infection?

A)fungal
B)viral
C)protozoan
D)bacterial

Question 45

Trichomoniasis is which type of infection?

A)fungal
B)viral
C)protozoan
D)bacterial

Question 46

Which type of immunity occurs when antibodies develop in response to exposure to antigens encountered in the course of daily life?

A)naturally acquired passive immunity
B)naturally acquired active immunity
C)artificially acquired passive immunity
D)artificially acquired active immunity

Question 47

The common cold is which type of infection?

A)fungal
B)viral
C)protozoan
D)staphylococcal

Question 48

Which STI occurs in stages over a period of years?

A)chlamydia
B)gonorrhea
C)HPV
D)syphilis

Question 49

A global outbreak of influenza such as occurred in 1918 is an example of a(n)

A)trauma.
B)plague.
C)pandemic.
D)epidemic.

Question 50

Influenza outbreaks that affect 5-20% of the United States population each year are an example of a(n)

A)trauma.
B)plague.
C)pandemic.
D)epidemic.

Question 51

Which bacterial infection affects the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord and for which college students living in dormitories are at a higher risk than other populations?

A)tuberculosis
B)pneumonia
C)meningitis
D)influenza

Question 52

When bacteria establish themselves in or on a host without causing an infection,this is known as

A)colonization.
B)infestation.
C)foundation.
D)globalization.

Question 53

Francisco just found out his HIV test is positive.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)Francisco's positive HIV test means that he has AIDS.
B)Looking back,Francisco knows exactly when he got infected with HIV because the initial symptoms are markedly different from those of other STIs.
C)Francisco should seek treatment as soon as possible to slow progression of the disease.
D)Francisco's wife does not need to worry about getting infected since she is a heterosexual female.

Question 54

Which of the following is caused by an increased production of a fungus normally resident in smaller numbers in the vagina?

A)candidiasis
B)HPV
C)trichomoniasis
D)gonorrhea

Question 55

Which type of immunity occurs when antibodies pass from mother to fetus via placenta or from mother to baby via breast milk?

A)naturally acquired passive immunity
B)naturally acquired active immunity
C)artificially acquired passive immunity
D)artificially acquired active immunity

Question 56

The largest form of pathogen is

A)fungi.
B)parasitic worms.
C)protozoa.
D)bacteria.

Question 57

Which of the following plays a major role in the body's immune response?

A)red blood cells
B)lymphocytes
C)blood pressure
D)lung capacity

Question 58

Which type of infection can be contracted by sharing needles?

A)hepatitis B
B)hepatitis A
C)HPV
D)hemophilia

Question 59

HIV can potentially be transmitted through all of the following EXCEPT

A)a condom breaking during vaginal intercourse.
B)sharing a razor with an infected person.
C)receiving a blood transfusion prior to 1985.
D)sharing food utensils with an infected person.

Question 60

Which immune system malfunction occurs when the body develops antibodies that attack its own tissues?

A)passive immunity
B)active immunity
C)autoimmunity
D)aggressive immunity

Question 61

Sexually transmitted infections disproportionately affect

A)females and adults age 25 and older.
B)males and adults age 25 and older.
C)females and young people age 15 to 24.
D)males and young people age 15 to 24.

Question 62

More than 24 million people in Africa are infected with HIV.

Question 63

STI pathogens prefer

A)darkness and moisture.
B)light and cold.
C)light and heat.
D)darkness and dryness.

Question 64

Two high-risk behaviors associated with the development of HIV/AIDS are having unprotected sex and injecting drugs.

Question 65

Interspecies transmission of infectious disease does not occur.

Question 66

Oral sex carries no risk for STIs.

Question 67

Which of the following is TRUE about avian bird flu?

A)It is a bacterial disease.
B)It appears to have originated in Africa.
C)It has already developed into a major pandemic.
D)It has not yet mutated into a form highly infectious to humans.

Question 68

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)is a sexually transmitted infection (STI).

Question 69

An antibody is a substance capable of triggering an immune response.

Question 70

All of the following points about E.coli 0157:H7 are true EXCEPT that

A)it is a bacterial disease.
B)infection can be serious but is not known to cause deaths.
C)it can be contracted from various foods.
D)a typical symptom of infection is diarrhea.

Question 71

Herpes can be cured in its early stages with proper antibiotic treatment.

Question 72

The terms HIV and AIDS are synonymous and can be used interchangeably.

Question 73

Treatment for influenza is only palliative.

Question 74

The new human papillomavirus (HPV)vaccination prevents all types of HPV.

Question 75

The most well-known symptom of mumps is

A)an itchy red rash.
B)a high fever.
C)swollen salivary glands.
D)aching joints.

Question 76

Proper use of a condom during sexual activity does not guarantee protection against STIs.

Question 77

Amy contracted the flu.Getting a flu shot now will enable her body to attack and eliminate the flu virus in her system.

Question 78

All bacteria can cause disease in humans.

Question 79

HIV can be transmitted through vaginal,anal,or oral sex.

Question 80

The human variant of mad cow disease can develop in a person who has eaten meat from infected cows.