Deck 1: Accessing Your Health

Question 1

Which of the following were cited by college students in a national survey as major impediments to performing well academically?

A)substance abuse
B)stress,anxiety,and sleep difficulties
C)repeated strep infections
D)carrying a too-heavy course load

Answer 1

stress,anxiety,and sleep difficulties

Question 2

Healthy People 2020 is a plan designed to

A)improve health-related quality of life and years of life for all Americans.
B)update FDA regulations on the manufacture and sale of drugs in the United States.
C)extend health insurance coverage to millions more Americans.
D)increase payments to doctors who serve Medicaid and Medicare patients.

Answer 2

improve health-related quality of life and years of life for all Americans.

Question 3

Jill has many friends,is respected by her coworkers,and maintains a great relationship with her boyfriend.Her ability to interact with others is an example of which dimension of health?

A)social
B)intellectual
C)emotional
D)physical

Answer 3

social

Question 4

Health and wellness are best described as

A)static.
B)dynamic.
C)determined by genes.
D)determined by the environment.

Question 5

Life expectancy in the early 1900s was largely determined by a person's

A)hygiene habits.
B)susceptibility to infectious disease.
C)occupation and location.
D)family history.

Question 6

Rafael is committed to his study of ecology and the effects of climate change.Additionally,he tries to show respect for all living things.Which of the following statements best describes Rafael?

A)He demonstrates intellectual health.
B)He demonstrates social health.
C)He demonstrates emotional health.
D)He demonstrates spiritual health.

Question 7

Health promotion

A)involves social justice efforts aimed at achieving health care for all Americans.
B)refers to fundraising campaigns for health-related organizations.
C)includes policies,programs,and financial support for initiatives that promote health.
D)focuses on curing the most prevalent diseases.

Question 8

The six dimensions of health

A)affect health independently of each other.
B)interact continuously.
C)seldom influence one another.
D)affect either the mind or the body.

Question 9

Spiritual health can best be described as

A)holding to religious beliefs learned in childhood.
B)not as important as other factors to overall wellness.
C)having a sense of meaning and purpose in one's life.
D)establishing and maintaining fulfilling relationships.

Question 10

The ability to think clearly,analyze information,and use one's mental capacity to meet life's challenges is known as

A)social health.
B)intellectual health.
C)physical health.
D)emotional health.

Question 11

Which of the following contributed to increased life expectancy in the early twentieth century?

A)advances in genetic testing
B)advances in heart and brain surgery
C)vaccinations and antibiotics
D)more doctors in metropolitan areas

Question 12

Eve is always upset about something,and it seems that she is never really happy.Her mental outlook is likely to adversely affect

A)mainly her social health.
B)mainly her emotional health.
C)mainly her physical health.
D)all six dimensions of her health.

Question 13

Jane is sedentary and obese.What effect,if any,do these factors have on her health?

A)They affect her physical health only.
B)They affect her physical and emotional health only.
C)They impede her progress toward high-level wellness.
D)They affect her health only if she has a family history of health problems related to obesity.

Question 14

The dimension of physical health encompasses the ability to

A)perform activities of daily living.
B)reason objectively.
C)analyze information.
D)protect yourself from hazards in your environment.

Question 15

One of the most important goals of Healthy People 2020 is to

A)reduce health care costs for all Americans.
B)eliminate health disparities and improve the health of all population groups.
C)increase funding for research on certain diseases such as cancer and diabetes.
D)increase the number of public health departments in every state.

Question 16

Paul studies mortality rates in infants of various ethnicities.He studies their

A)illness rates.
B)accident rates.
C)chronic disease rates.
D)death rates.

Question 17

The expected number of years of life remaining at a given age,such as at birth,is known as

A)life expectancy.
B)population control.
C)mortality.
D)morbidity.

Question 18

The contemporary definition of wellness is

A)the ability to move about freely without pain.
B)the absence of ongoing symptoms or chronic disease.
C)living longer than one's parents.
D)the achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of several dimensions.

Question 19

Emotional health can best be described as being able to

A)feel and express emotions appropriately.
B)think clearly,without emotional influence.
C)maintain satisfying interpersonal relationships.
D)adapt to various social situations.

Question 20

Katherine is an energetic,confident student who is not afraid to stand up in front of the class and read her essay aloud.She trusts that even if others don't agree with her point of view,they will still value her as a person and a friend.These traits best demonstrate Katherine's positive

A)social health.
B)intellectual health.
C)physical health.
D)emotional health.

Question 21

Effective health promotion programs

A)focus on improving selected negative behaviors.
B)have the most measurable results when implemented in schools.
C)focus on encouraging behaviors known to support good health.
D)don't attempt to change individual attitudes about health.

Question 22

Determinants of health are a range of critical factors in a person's life that

A)predispose him or her to a particular set of diseases.
B)are related to genetics.
C)influence health status.
D)influence his or her response to medical treatment.

Question 23

Major public health achievements of the twentieth century include

A)mental health counseling.
B)pharmaceutical products.
C)lower birth rates.
D)workplace safety.

Question 24

Which health model views treating disease through medications and surgery as the surest way to improve health?

A)environmental model
B)public health model
C)social model
D)medical model

Question 25

Which type of costs are related to higher insurance premiums and increased disability payments due to obesity-related health conditions?

A)indirect medical costs
B)direct medical costs
C)Medicare costs
D)Medicaid costs

Question 26

The science that views negative health events as resulting from individuals' interactions with their physical or social environment is

A)medicine.
B)immunology.
C)public health.
D)disease prevention.

Question 27

Taking positive action now to avoid becoming sick later is known as

A)intervention.
B)prevention.
C)screening.
D)treatment.

Question 28

Beth works part-time as a waitress and receives no health insurance benefits from her employer.She purchased insurance under the Affordable Care Act,but the policy has a $5,000 annual deductible.Beth

A)is uninsured.
B)is overinsured.
C)is likely to delay care that she needs.
D)has equitable access to health services.

Question 29

To successfully change a behavior,a person must recognize that change is a(n)

A)stressful situation.
B)chance to wipe out past mistakes.
C)isolated event.
D)process that occurs in stages.

Question 30

Young adults (ages 15-24)are most likely to die from

A)heart disease.
B)cancer.
C)accidents.
D)homicide.

Question 31

The model of health that is concerned with curing disease affecting a particular tissue or organ is the

A)medical model.
B)surgical model.
C)public health model.
D)holistic model.

Question 32

Overall,the leading cause of death for Americans is

A)accidents.
B)cancer.
C)heart disease.
D)respiratory disease.

Question 33

An example of an enabling factor is

A)living near a hiking trail to encourage walking.
B)nagging your parents to stop smoking.
C)gaining weight after you stop smoking.
D)having friends who say they hate to exercise.

Question 34

Jim was successful at meeting his exercise goal and rewarded himself by taking a three-day vacation at a golf resort.This is an example of a

A)negative behavior.
B)reinforcing behavior.
C)manipulative behavior.
D)covert behavior.

Question 35

Missy is motivated to lose weight.She has begun taking a 30-minute walk every morning,has worked with a nutrition counselor to design a new diet,and on Monday will begin following new eating plan.According to the transtheoretical model of behavior change,Missy is in a stage of

A)precontemplation.
B)contemplation.
C)action.
D)maintenance.

Question 36

Family health background and the behaviors of family members are examples of

A)enabling factors.
B)reinforcing factors.
C)motivational factors.
D)predisposing factors.

Question 37

Which of the following factors plays a significant role in health disparities?

A)procrastination
B)laziness
C)economic status
D)poor choices

Question 38

A disease that begins slowly,progresses over a period of time,and that may resist treatment is a(n)

A)acute disease.
B)chronic disease.
C)behavioral disease.
D)hereditary disease.

Question 39

All the following causes of death are linked to modifiable lifestyle behaviors EXCEPT

A)genetic diseases.
B)heart disease.
C)diabetes.
D)cancer.

Question 40

The positive aspects of a person's life,such being satisfied with life in general and having positive emotions,determines one's sense of

A)progress.
B)well-being.
C)change.
D)health.

Question 41

Which strategy is used by many athletes to visualize the attainment of goals?

A)coaching
B)imagined rehearsal
C)athletic imagery
D)vicarious performance

Question 42

People with an internal locus of control believe that events turn out as they do based on

A)environmental factors.
B)previous disappointments.
C)their own actions.
D)fate and luck.

Question 43

Mrs.H.wants her fifth-grade students to read more.She has a reading graph displayed in the classroom with a blank bar for each student.When a student reads for at least 3 hours in one week,he or she gets to color in one box on their bar.The students enjoy competing for the lead position and being praised by Mrs.H.for their improvements.This is an example of a(n)

A)activity reinforcer.
B)manipulative reinforcer.
C)possessional reinforcer.
D)social reinforcer.

Question 44

Observing a friend's successful attempt to quit smoking and trying some of the same tactics to quit yourself is an example of

A)conforming.
B)shaping.
C)envy.
D)modeling.

Question 45

Not allowing yourself to think about stage fright and focusing only on the content of your speech when preparing for a presentation is an example of

A)positive reinforcement.
B)blocking and stopping.
C)self-talk.
D)self-rewarding.

Question 46

Manuela joined a group exercise class.Her instructor,who was formerly inactive and overweight,participates with the class and also shares personal fitness strategies.In class,Manuela tries to emulate her instructor's moves,and she has also become more physically active as part of her daily routine.Which technique is Manuela using to reach her goal of becoming more fit?

A)shaping
B)modeling
C)visualization
D)reinforcement

Question 47

Mrs.J.is trying to get her third-grade students to remember to have their homework signed by a parent before bringing it to class.Students who remember every day for a month receive a gift card from a local bookstore.This is an example of a(n)

A)consumable reinforcer.
B)activity reinforcer.
C)manipulative reinforcer.
D)possessional reinforcer.

Question 48

The thought,"I don't have enough time!" is an example of

A)shaping.
B)self-talk.
C)punishment.
D)enabling.

Question 49

The change model based on three factors (social environment,thoughts and feelings,and behaviors)in interaction with each other is known as the

A)behavior modification model.
B)transtheoretical model.
C)health belief model.
D)social cognitive model.

Question 50

An adolescent smoker might think lung cancer happens only to old people.This is an example of which factor of the health belief model?

A)perceived seriousness
B)perceived susceptibility
C)perceived benefits
D)perceived barriers

Question 51

Changing your seat in class to one closer to the front to help change your habit of napping during the lecture is an example of

A)an activity reinforcer.
B)situational inducement.
C)negative reinforcement.
D)social reinforcement.

Question 52

An appraisal of the relationship between an object,action,or idea and some attribute related to it is a(n)

A)belief.
B)attitude.
C)motivation.
D)analysis.

Question 53

Judy strives to stay healthy.When she notices herself engaging in an unhealthy behavior,she makes a plan and takes action to get back on track.No challenge is too tough for her to take on.Judy

A)has self-control.
B)exhibits self-efficacy.
C)is in a state of readiness to change.
D)relies on social support.

Question 54

Jason has three projects due next week.He is frustrated because everything is due at the same time and he doesn't believe it's possible to get all three projects finished.His solution is to forget about the projects and meet up with friends for a night out.Jason has

A)self-confidence.
B)self-efficacy.
C)an internal locus of control.
D)an external locus of control.

Question 55

A sedentary lifestyle,overuse of caffeine,and risky sexual practices are examples of

A)voluntary determinants of health.
B)modifiable determinants of health.
C)involuntary determinants of health.
D)nonmodifiable determinants of health.

Question 56

Brenda is going on a ski trip over spring break and has 12 weeks to get in shape.She purchased an elliptical trainer and started working out on it for 10 minutes each day.Each week,she will increase her workout by 10 minutes until she can exercise for one hour.If she finds that is too rigorous,she will only add 5 minutes to her workout each week.Which of the following behavior-change techniques is Brenda using to get in shape for her trip?

A)shaping
B)visualization
C)modeling
D)self-talk

Question 57

When applying the strategy of shaping to behavior change,one should

A)set very demanding goals for oneself.
B)only reward oneself when reaching the main goal.
C)use small achievable steps to reach goals.
D)expect this strategy to provide immediate success.

Question 58

Lower health insurance rates for nonsmokers is an example of a(n)

A)possessional reinforcer.
B)manipulative reinforcer.
C)social reinforcer.
D)activity reinforcer.

Question 59

Going out for dinner at your favorite restaurant as a reward for finishing a big project is an example of a(n)

A)activity reinforcer.
B)manipulative reinforcer.
C)consumable reinforcer.
D)social reinforcer.

Question 60

According to the transtheoretical model,a person in the precontemplation stage

A)has no current intention to change or believes there is no need to change.
B)is aware of the problem and is making preparations for change.
C)is aware of the problem but is greatly afraid of change.
D)is aware of the problem and is already taking action to implement change.

Question 61

Which change model was created to illustrate how firmly held ideas affect behavior change?

A)health belief model
B)transtheoretical model
C)social cognitive model
D)shaping model

Question 62

Once you have identified a target behavior that needs to change,your next step is to

A)learn more about the behavior,its effects,and possible obstacles.
B)commit to changing all negative behaviors at the same time.
C)see a counselor to help you work out a plan.
D)consider the possible negative outcomes before proceeding.

Question 63

A trait or behavior that a person can actively control,such as eating habits,is a(n)

A)modifiable determinant.
B)nonmodifiable determinant.
C)genetic defect.
D)environmental influence.

Question 64

The achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of several dimensions is

A)recovery.
B)wellness.
C)fitness.
D)motivation.

Question 65

The process of taking small individual steps toward a behavior change goal is

A)action.
B)journaling.
C)preparation.
D)shaping.

Question 66

The stage of change a smoker is in when he or she has no intention of quitting is

A)preparation.
B)contemplation.
C)precontemplation.
D)maintenance.

Question 67

Based on a recent cholesterol screening,Marlon decided that he has to stop eating so much fast food and get more exercise.Between work and school,his free time is limited,but he is determined to lower his cholesterol level and improve his overall health.The best way for Marlon to stay motivated to improve his diet and work out regularly is to

A)make weekly resolutions for how many times to work out and chastise himself if he hasn't accomplished his planned goal.
B)depend on his friends to keep him away from his favorite fast-food restaurants.
C)set reasonable short- and long-term goals and reward himself for meeting them.
D)set an ambitious goal and chart daily and weekly progress using online tools.

Question 68

A person whose parents smoke is more likely to smoke based on this being a(n)

A)enabling factor.
B)contributing factor.
C)reinforcing factor.
D)predisposing factor.

Question 69

Which behavior change model involves six distinct stages and is also known as the stages of change model?

A)health belief model
B)transtheoretical model
C)social cognitive model
D)shaping model

Question 70

Actions that increase one's susceptibility to negative health outcomes are which type of behaviors?

A)reinforcing
B)predetermined
C)risk
D)influential

Question 71

Emotional health is the same as intellectual health.

Question 72

Educational,organizational,procedural,and environmental support aimed at helping a given population change health-related behaviors is

A)risk behavior.
B)health promotion.
C)health disparities.
D)medical treatment.

Question 73

A trait over which a person has no control,such as height and bone structure,is a(n)

A)modifiable determinant.
B)nonmodifiable determinant.
C)genetic defect.
D)environmental influence.

Question 74

Setting up a small reward to encourage yourself to complete each week's exercise goal is an example of

A)positive reinforcement.
B)negative reinforcement.
C)shaping.
D)encouragement.

Question 75

Support from others to change a behavior is an example of a(n)

A)enabling factor.
B)contributing factor.
C)reinforcing factor.
D)predisposing factor.

Question 76

The ever-changing process of achieving individual potential in the physical,social,emotional,intellectual,spiritual,and environmental dimensions is the definition of

A)health.
B)satisfaction.
C)fitness.
D)recovery.

Question 77

The absence of disease or illness is the optimal description of health.

Question 78

Which of the following is an essential prerequisite for changing a behavior?

A)deciding on several rewards for making the change
B)wanting to change
C)asking friends for advice
D)changing environmental obstacles

Question 79

Having unprotected sex is considered a

A)risk behavior.
B)health promotion.
C)health disparities.
D)medical treatment.

Question 80

Differences in health conditions among specific populations are

A)risk behaviors.
B)health promotions.
C)health disparities.
D)medical treatments.