Deck 18: East Asia in the Late Traditional ERA

Question 1

The mandarins were

A)Mongol
B)Manchu
C)Japanese
D)Korean

Answer 1

Manchu

Question 2

By the nineteenth century,the Chinese began to grow which new crop in nearly every part of their empire?

A)remained relatively stable.
B)moved from south to north.
C)grew significantly.
D)declined overall.

Answer 2

grew significantly.

Question 3

The text argues that the West may have industrialized before the East for all of the following reasons except that the

A)hostility.
B)general indifference.
C)intense curiosity.
D)confusion.

Answer 3

general indifference.

Question 4

China's third commercial revolution was based primarily on

A)putting out system for textile manufacture.
B)creation of a national economic system.
C)expansion of the significance of market towns.
D)growth of trade in staple items.

Question 5

The policy of dyarchy refers to

A)provincial leaders.
B)powerful bureaucrats.
C)military leaders during the Ming-Qing era.
D)bankers and money managers.

Question 6

The fundamental similarity between Chinese and Japanese culture in the nineteenth century was based on

A)China's is cyclical,Japan's has no set configuration.
B)China's has no set configuration,Japan's cyclical.
C)China's is circular,Japan's cyclical.
D)China's is cyclical,Japan's circular.

Question 7

The Manchus

A)separation of armed forces by banner.
B)enactment of laws forbidding marriages between Chinese and Manchu elites.
C)movement of the capital from Mukden to Beijing.
D)closing off of sections of Manchuria to Chinese immigrants.

Question 8

In Ming-Qing times,government was characterized by

A)China.
B)Japan.
C)Korea.
D)Portugal.

Question 9

Confucianism in imperial China advocated the idea that

A)more competent officials.
B)a larger gentry class.
C)a reduced role in local society.
D)better government finances.

Question 10

The best description of the Chinese and Japanese patterns of government is

A)rice
B)wheat
C)soybeans
D)maize

Question 11

The Chinese response to Jesuit priests who attempted to introduce science into their societies was

A)Buddhism.
B)societal patterns.
C)Confucianism.
D)commercial contacts.

Question 12

Cash crops introduced into the Yangzi region were

A)a surge of population.
B)the importation of silver.
C)the relaxation of government controls.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 13

The "thin horse" market shows that the Chinese viewed women as

A)an increasingly well-funded and extensive bureaucracy.
B)limitations on the power of the emperor.
C)a greater integration of the Chinese world view.
D)a lessening of Confucian influence.

Question 14

The Chinese gentry could be characterized as all of the following except

A)revoking a Chinese-type land tax.
B)holding civil service examinations for the selection of officials.
C)consolidating the provinces into one nation-state.
D)removing the ranking systems for civil and military officials.

Question 15

By the nineteenth century,the most highly commercialized nonindustrial society in the world was that of

A)society was matriarchal.
B)the state is identified with the family.
C)the emperor should be accessible to his people.
D)commerce was not as important as agriculture.

Question 16

Vietnam's Le Thanh Tong weakened the nobility by

A)succeeded the Ming dynasty.
B)were vassals to the Ming dynasty.
C)established the Qing dynasty.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 17

The Manchu desire to maintain themselves as an ethnically separate elite group can be seen in all of the following policies except the

A)the coordinate rule of two emperors during the Qing dynasty.
B)coordination between national and provincial officials.
C)the appointment of one Chinese and one Manchu to each key post in the central government.
D)None of these answers are correct.

Question 18

Under the Ming dynasty,Chinese population

A)silk and cotton.
B)corn and millet.
C)soybeans and peanuts.
D)sweet potatoes and rice.

Question 19

The strengths of the Ming-Qing governmental system included all of the following except

A)an intermediate layer between the elite bureaucracy above and the village below.
B)a rural elite much like English squires.
C)the same social class as magistrates and mandarins.
D)absentee landlords whose lands were worked by sharecroppers.

Question 20

All of the following were economic innovations during the third commercial revolution in China except the

A)commodities to be bought and sold.
B)important property holders.
C)a part of the beauty of nature.
D)distinctive individuals.

Question 21

"The strong eat and the weak become the meat" is a phrase that best describes which era of Japanese history?

A)Japanese empire divided into hundreds of tiny warring daimyos.
B)national unification under the Tokugawa shoguns.
C)colonial occupation of the islands by Portugal,England,and The Netherlands.
D)imperial capital moving from Kyoto to Tokyo.

Question 22

In his Edict to King George III of England,the Chinese emperor Qianlong justified restrictions on trade with England by

A)the strong influence of Western writing styles and constructions.
B)the use of supernatural elements to explain everyday events.
C)a critical view of Chinese social relationships.
D)an emphasis on courtly life and romance.

Question 23

The Tokugawa skeptic Miura Baien criticizes superstitious beliefs by noting that people tend to

A)the acceptance and dissemination of Buddhism.
B)the use of the Chinese alphabet and language.
C)application of Confucian principles to government.
D)the adoption of Chinese technology.

Question 24

The military changes that accompanied the Foot Soldier Revolution included all of the following except

A)officially sanctioned by the Japanese ruler.
B)in dyestuffs between China and Japan.
C)legally permitted between Europeans and Chinese.
D)illicitly carried on by Japanese pirate-merchants.

Question 25

All of the following are reasons Christianity was more accepted in Japan than in China except

A)total obedience and loyalty to parental authority.
B)a deep understanding of nature and religion.
C)her own personality and family aspirations.
D)a complete understanding of her own personal destiny.

Question 26

A common feature of most Chinese novels under the Ming-Qing dynasties was

A)enjoyed high social status.
B)were subject to abuse and slander.
C)had meager salaries.
D)married multiple wives.

Question 27

The Foot Soldier Revolution was characterized by a shift to

A)a shift from cavalry to infantry.
B)the introduction of the musket.
C)a decrease in the size of armies.
D)the use of heavy spears.

Question 28

The "mouse that swallowed the elephant" refers to whose control of China?

A)ambiguous.
B)ambivalent.
C)aggressive.
D)weak and wavering.

Question 29

Under the Qing or Manchu,the Chinese relationship with Russia was characterized by

A)emphasizing Chinese self-sufficiency.
B)belittling the quality of European traders and trading goods.
C)taking offense at King George's disrespect towards the imperial office.
D)ridiculing the beliefs of the Anglican Church.

Question 30

The Ming-Qing foreign policy can best be described as

A)Mongols.
B)Russians.
C)Koreans.
D)Portuguese.

Question 31

In The Scholars,the author suggests that Chinese officials

A)Ashikaga,Warring States,Tokugawa
B)Warring States,Ashikaga,Tokugawa
C)Tokugawa,Warring States,Ashikaga
D)Warring States,Tokugawa,Ashikaga

Question 32

The Japanese Warring States era ended with the

A)strict legal codes.
B)the hostage system.
C)the seclusion policy.
D)the elimination of domains.

Question 33

The chief threat to the Ming dynasty were the

A)Ming
B)Tokugawa
C)Qing
D)Shogun

Question 34

Which of the following is the correct sequence of Japanese historical eras?

A)Tokugawa
B)Warring States
C)Ashikaga
D)Kamikura

Question 35

"Vermillion-seal trade" refers to trade

A)the similar roles played by Japanese and Christian holy figures.
B)the doctrinal similarities between Pure Land Buddhism and Christianity.
C)that the Jesuits exemplified strong personal examples of the benefits of Christianity.
D)that the Japanese rulers lacked the strength to ban it.

Question 36

Zheng He's experiences showed the

A)constant conflict that led to great territorial gains for the Chinese.
B)constant conflict that led to great territorial gains for the Russians.
C)friendly relations that led to increases in trade.
D)friendly relations that laid the foundation for modern alliances.

Question 37

The Manchus founded which dynasty?

A)lack of interest in maritime exploration by the Chinese.
B)desire of the Ming emperors to spread Buddhism to the furthest regions of the empire.
C)economic competition between the Chinese and European powers.
D)scientific curiosity of the Manchu about the outside world.

Question 38

According to Ho Xuang Huong's poem,a wife must endure all of the following except

A)accept everything they read at face value.
B)anthropomorphize gods and animals.
C)explain natural phenomena in terms of human actions.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 39

Under the Tokugawa,all of the following methods were used to control and to stabilize society except

A)primogeniture.
B)unigeniture.
C)multigeniture.
D)duogeniture.

Question 40

According to Confucian moralists,a girl's education should reflect

A)the life of a half-servant.
B)the lack of monetary wealth in marriage.
C)lack of a husband's attention.
D)lack of creature comforts.

Question 41

The satire of Saikaku represents

A)Manchu patronage of Chinese scholarship.
B)Buddhist influences on Chinese culture.
C)Ming pornographic literature.
D)Confucian morals.

Question 42

How did Japanese culture change during the Tokugawa period? What was the importance of Confucianism to the culture of Japan? What influence,if any,did the West have on Japanese cultural development?

Question 43

What were the main tenets of Ming-Qing culture? How did the novel develop in this period? What are the similarities of culture with past Chinese dynasties? What influence,if any,did the West have on Chinese cultural development?

Question 44

The Vietnamese used all of the following Chinese techniques to build their government except

A)the urban culture of Tokugawa Japan.
B)the culture of the Japanese peasantry.
C)the austere samurai culture of Medieval Japan.
D)None of these answers are correct.

Question 45

The Nguyen dynasty in 19th century Vietnam

Question 46

What arguments have been presented that explain why China did not undergo an industrial revolution following the third commercial revolution? Which argument do you find the most compelling?

Question 47

How did the Warring States develop in Japan? Why did the wars continue for over a century? What institutions were changed in the country because of these long wars?

Question 48

What were the primary factors influencing the third commercial revolution in China from 1500 to 1800? What was the role of agriculture in this revolution? Why were cash crops important in this development? Where was population growth most evident?

Question 49

How did contact with Westerners influence Japanese culture? To what extent were cultural contacts with the West maintained after the expulsion of foreigners in the 17th century?

Question 50

The Golden Lotus is an example of

A)instituted Dutch studies throughout the educational system.
B)sought Chinese assistance in resisting French military incursions.
C)sought French assistance in resisting Chinese military incursions.
D)rejected French influence and adopted elements of Chinese governance.

Question 51

What were the main tenets of Japanese foreign policy from 1467 to 1858? How important was Western influence in this period? What trade had been carried on with China,and why did this activity stop during this period?

Question 52

Compare and contrast the influence of Chinese culture and government in Japan,Korea,and Vietnam.How did each state use Chinese culture to build their own states? What were the results of state-building in each place?

Question 53

Why was Christianity more successful in Japan than in other Asian countries? Was Christianity compatible with Japanese religious beliefs? Did the success of Catholic missionaries lead to an aggressive reaction towards Christians?

Question 54

Compare and contrast European and Chinese government,society,and politics in the period from 1500-1800.What factor or factors do you think most account for the differences between them?

Question 55

The Chinese influence on Japan,Korea,and Vietnam included all of the following except

A)civil service examinations.
B)the Mandate of Heaven.
C)Legalist principles of law and order.
D)land taxes.

Question 56

How did changes in tactics and technology change the nature of the Japanese military establishment in the 16th and 17th centuries? What were the social and political consequences of military reforms?

Question 57

What are the factors that prevented Korea from emerging as a strong state during Medieval and Early Modern times? How did Korean political and social structures differ from those of China and Japan?

Question 58

What were some of the most prominent differences between China and Japan during the Late Traditional era and how did these differences shape the two nations' economic and political development?

Question 59

Explain the main tenets of Chinese foreign policy in the Ming-Qing period.What were the "managed frontiers"? Why did the Chinese fail to take advantage of their maritime technology? What groups were the greatest threat to the empire?