Deck 14: Leadership

Question 1

Leadership is the process of influencing a group toward the achievement of goals.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

According to the University of Michigan studies,leaders who were ________ were associated with higher group productivity and higher job satisfaction.

A)directive
B)achievement-oriented
C)employee-oriented
D)production-oriented

Answer 2

C

Question 3

According to the University of Iowa studies,the ________ style of leadership describes a leader who tends to involve employees in decision making,delegate authority,encourage participation in deciding work methods and goals,and use feedback as an opportunity for coaching employees.

A)consultative
B)directive
C)democratic
D)transformational

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The managerial grid developed by Blake and Mouton uses which two behavioural dimensions?

Question 5

According to the Ohio State Studies,a leader who is high in ________ assigns group members to specific tasks,expects workers to maintain standards,and focuses on deadlines.

A)initiating structure
B)consideration
C)employee-orientation
D)production-orientation

Question 6

According to the University of Iowa studies,a leader who tends to centralize authority,impose work methods,and make unilateral decisions has a(n)________ leadership style.

A)transactional
B)democratic
C)autocratic
D)directive

Question 7

According to the University of Iowa studies,a leader who allows his employees complete freedom to make decisions and to complete work in whatever way they think is best is using a ________ leadership style.

A)transactional
B)democratic
C)laissez-faire
D)supportive

Question 8

The Ohio State studies dimension called "initiating structure" includes behaviour that attempts to organize work,work relationships,and goals.

Question 9

Possessing a set of appropriate traits associated with leadership makes it more likely that an individual would be an effective leader.

Question 10

Susan Bones is the sales manager at the Toronto office of Alpha Inc.She has a reputation of being fair,helpful,and understanding.Laura,one of her subordinates,recalled how Susan had even helped her overcome a personal crisis.Which of the following dimensions of leadership is Susan displaying here?

A)consideration
B)initiating structure
C)employee orientation
D)empowerment

Question 11

Not all managers have the capabilities or skills to be effective leaders.

Question 12

Ideally all managers should be leaders because ________.

A)of their position in the organizational hierarchy
B)they are responsible to delegate work to others
C)they were hired to manage the work of others
D)because leading is one of the management functions

Question 13

Research has been able to identify a set of traits that always differentiate leaders from nonleaders.

Question 14

Behavioural theories show that effective leaders behave in very different ways even when working for the same organization.

Question 15

Trait theory ignores ________.

A)physical traits of leaders
B)the behavioral aspects of honesty and integrity
C)the interactions of leaders and their group members
D)the fact that leaders should be able to create visions and solve problems

Question 16

Autocratic leaders tend to delegate authority and involve employees in decision making.

Question 17

The University of Iowa studies found that group members' satisfaction levels were generally highest under which of the following leadership style?

A)transformational
B)democratic
C)supportive
D)laissez-faire

Question 18

One of the eight traits associated with leadership is ________.

A)agreeableness
B)emotional stability
C)proneness to guilt
D)conscientiousness

Question 19

According to the Ohio State Studies,a leader who is high in ________ is characterized by mutual trust and respect for group members' ideas and feelings.

A)initiating structure
B)consideration
C)employee-orientation
D)production-orientation

Question 20

The intent of ________ theories was to identify characteristics that might differentiate leaders from nonleaders.

A)behavioural
B)situational
C)transformational
D)trait

Question 21

According to path-goal theory,which leadership behaviour is used when a leader shows concern for the needs of subordinates?

A)directive
B)achievement-oriented
C)participative
D)supportive

Question 22

Hersey and Blanchard's situational leadership theory focuses on ________.

A)leader-member relations
B)the leader's preferred style
C)the followers readiness
D)environmental variables

Question 23

According to Hersey and Blanchard,which leadership style is best if a follower is able but unwilling or insecure about doing a job (R3)?

A)delegating
B)selling
C)participating
D)telling

Question 24

According to Hersey and Blanchard,which leader style should be used at the highest level of follower readiness?

A)delegating
B)empowering
C)participating
D)telling

Question 25

The theory that effective group performance depends on the proper match between the leader's style of interacting with employees and the degree to which the situation gives control and influence to the leader is ________.

A)Fiedler's contingency model
B)path-goal theory
C)Hersey and Blanchard's model
D)the Ohio State Studies

Question 26

According to Hersey and Blanchard,which leadership style is best if a follower is unable but willing to do a job (R2)?

A)delegating
B)selling
C)participating
D)telling

Question 27

The conclusions of the University of Michigan studies indicated that production-oriented leaders were most effective overall.

Question 28

Fiedler has identified three contingency dimensions that define the key situational factors for determining leadership effectiveness.They are ________.

A)consideration,initiating structure,and leader-member relations
B)position power,task structure,and consideration
C)initiating structure,position power,and consideration
D)task structure,leader-member relations,and position power

Question 29

Fiedler assumed that a person's leadership style was ________.

A)evolving slowly over time
B)multi-dimensional
C)fixed
D)flexible

Question 30

Fiedler concluded that ________ leaders performed better in moderate control situations.

A)task-oriented
B)achievement-oriented
C)relationship-oriented
D)production-oriented

Question 31

Fiedler defined ________ as the degree of of influence a leader had over activities such as hiring,firing,discipline,promotions,and salary increases.

A)position power
B)expert power
C)leader-member relations
D)consideration

Question 32

Fiedler defined ________ as the degree to which job assignments were formalized and procedurized.

A)delegating
B)initiating structure
C)leader-member relations
D)task structure

Question 33

In a short essay,describe the eight traits associated with leadership.

Question 34

According to Hersey and Blanchard,which leader style should be used at the lowest level of follower readiness?

A)delegating
B)selling
C)participating
D)telling

Question 35

Derek Logan heads a team of 10 research analysts in Deutsche Bank.Even though he is least impressed with Cara Lewis among all his subordinates,when asked about her work he chose to focus on her strengths rather than her weaknesses.Derek can be described as a task-oriented leader.

Question 36

At Falcons Inc.,Jeremy is the head of the marketing department.However,he is not in the habit of deciding everything on his own.He involves his team in the decision-making process as much as possible.He believes in communicating clearly and is always ready to help his team to get the best out of them.Jeremy's leadership style will be classified as which of the following?

A)telling
B)selling
C)participating
D)delegating

Question 37

According to path-goal theory,which leadership behaviour is used when a leader lets subordinates know what's expected of them,schedules work to be done,and gives specific guidance as to how to accomplish tasks?

A)achievement-oriented
B)directive
C)supportive
D)participative

Question 38

According to Hersey and Blanchard,which leadership style is best if a follower is both able and willing to do a job (R4)?

A)delegating
B)selling
C)participating
D)telling

Question 39

According to Hersey and Blanchard,which leadership style is best if a follower is both unable and unwilling to do a job (R1)?

A)delegating
B)selling
C)participating
D)telling

Question 40

Which of the following did Fiedler develop to measure a leader's style?

A)least-preferred coworker questionnaire
B)most-preferred relationship questionnaire
C)most-preferred manager questionnaire
D)leadership aptitude survey

Question 41

Janice is a friendly and outgoing manager who constantly shows concerns for the needs of her employees.According to path-goal theory,she is demonstrating which leadership style?

A)cooperative
B)participative
C)supportive
D)directive

Question 42

According to path-goal theory,which leadership behaviour is used when a leader sets challenging goals and expects very high performance levels from subordinates?

A)transactional
B)achievement-oriented
C)relationship-oriented
D)task-oriented

Question 43

According to path-goal theory,which of the following are the two situational variables that moderate the relationship between leadership behaviour and outcome?

A)leadership style and leader-member relations
B)readiness of the follower and leader position power
C)culture of the organization and leader-member relations
D)environmental variables and personal characteristics of the follower

Question 44

Frank is a ________ leader.

A)directive
B)supportive
C)participative
D)cooperative

Question 45

Which of the following statements about the leadership styles of Jack and Jill is supported by Fiedler's contingency model?

A)The leadership styles can be adjusted to fit the situation.
B)The leadership styles are fixed,regardless of the situation.
C)Jack's style works best in moderately favourable situations.
D)Jill's style works best in highly unfavourable situations.

Question 46

According to Fiedler's contingency model,Jill is ________-oriented.

A)employee
B)organization
C)relationship
D)achievement

Question 47

Alex Johnson was classified as an achievement oriented leader by his team.Which of the following would describe Johnson's leadership style best?

A)He lets subordinates know what's expected of them,schedules work to be done,and gives specific guidance on how to accomplish tasks.
B)He sets challenging goals and expects subordinates to perform at their highest level.
C)He consults with subordinates and uses their suggestions before making a decision.
D)He lets subordinates make decisions regarding how to do their jobs.

Question 48

Jack is a ________ leader.

A)directive
B)supportive
C)participative
D)cooperative

Question 49

According to Fiedler's contingency model,Jack is ________-oriented.

A)employee
B)organization
C)task
D)achievement

Question 50

According to Hersey and Blanchard,which leadership style would probably work best with Hazel?

A)delegating
B)telling
C)selling
D)participating

Question 51

Jack always consults with his employees and uses their suggestions before making a decision.According to path-goal theory,he is demonstrating which type of leadership style?

A)supportive
B)participative
C)achievement-oriented
D)cooperative

Question 52

To apply situational leadership theory,Eric needs to focus most on which of the following variables?

A)worker motivation
B)follower readiness
C)task structure
D)leader-member relations

Question 53

Yvette's production team are bored because their assembly line jobs lack challenge.According to the path-goal theory,which preferred leader behaviour should Yvette use to encourage her subordinates to put more effort into their work?

A)supportive leadership
B)directive leadership
C)achievement-oriented leadership
D)task-oriented leadership

Question 54

According to the path-goal theory,employee performance and leadership style are likely to be positively related when ________.

A)the leader adopts a directive style when the tasks are clear and the employee has the experience and the ability to handle them
B)the leader displays directive behavior at all times
C)the leadership style compensates for shortcomings in either the employee or the work setting
D)the leader adopts a directive style of leadership with followers who have an internal locus of control

Question 55

Kazuko has just discovered that her subordinates do not like the sales reward program that the company implemented last month.According to path-goal theory,which preferred leader behaviour should Kazuko use to improve the satisfaction and performance of her workers?

A)supportive leadership
B)directive leadership
C)achievement-oriented leadership
D)participative leadership

Question 56

According to the path-goal theory,Jenna is a(n)________ leader.

A)directive
B)participative
C)achievement-oriented
D)cooperative

Question 57

According to Fiedler,the best leadership style is a function of ________.

A)leader-member relations,task structure,and position power
B)formal authority,production process,and personality of employees
C)chain of command,leader-member relations,and power distance
D)type of organization,leader personality,and education of employees

Question 58

According to the path-goal theory,which leader behaviour is preferred when the follower lacks self-confidence?

A)supportive leadership
B)directive leadership
C)task-oriented leadership
D)participative leadership

Question 59

According to the predictions from the path-goal theory,Jack's leadership style will be the preferred leader behaviour in which of the following situations?

A)Task assignments are unclear and ambiguous.
B)Followers believe they control what happens to them.
C)Subordinates are performing structured tasks.
D)Followers need specific guidance on how to accomplish tasks.

Question 60

Kate is a(n)________ leader.

A)directive
B)supportive
C)participative
D)achievement-oriented

Question 61

The leader-member exchange (LMX)theory states that leaders ________.

A)value followers
B)differentiate among followers
C)inspire followers
D)communicate with followers

Question 62

According to the path-goal theory,achievement-oriented leader sets challenging goals and expects followers to perform at their highest level.

Question 63

Path-goal theory assumes that the same leader can display any or all of the four leadership behaviours depending on the situation.

Question 64

Path-goal theory's supportive leader consults with subordinates and uses their suggestions before making a decision.

Question 65

Which type of leaders pay attention to the concerns and developmental needs of individual followers,help followers to look at old problems in new ways,and are able to inspire followers to put extra effort into the group goals?

A)transactional
B)transformational
C)transcendental
D)charismatic

Question 66

Where leading Hazel is concerned,Eric will probably ________.

A)need to remind her that he is the boss
B)have to address quality control problems
C)need to send her for more training
D)need to do very little

Question 67

In the leader-member exchange (LMX)theory,the leader chooses in- or out-group members,but the follower's ________ drive(s)the decision.

A)position in the company
B)characteristics
C)self-confidence
D)achievement orientation

Question 68

According to Hersey and Blanchard,which leadership style should work best with Joe?

A)delegating
B)telling
C)selling
D)participating

Question 69

The leader-member exchange (LMX)theory states that employees in the in-group will have ________.

A)more respect for the leaders
B)less respect for the leaders
C)less turnover
D)more self-confidence

Question 70

In a short essay,discuss the path-goal leadership theory developed by Robert House.Next,list and explain the four leadership behaviours based on path-goal theory.

Question 71

According to Hersey and Blanchard,if a follower is unable but willing to perform a task,then the leader should adopt a "selling" orientation.

Question 72

When Alan Jackman got promoted as the head of the sales team at Mac Software Inc.,he chose three of his closest friends in the team to form the core sales group with him.Which of the following predictions would be consistent with the LMX theory?

A)Job satisfaction is more likely to be higher for the team members who are not a part of the core group.
B)Team members who are not a part of Alan's core group are actually far more competent than his friends who form the core team.
C)There will be a higher turnover among team members who are not a part of the core group.
D)Team members who are not part of the core group will work harder and display more citizenship behaviour at work.

Question 73

Fiedler assumed an individual will change his or her leadership style to fit the situation.

Question 74

Fiedler's contingency model proposes that effective leadership depends on the ability and willingness of the subordinates.

Question 75

According to Fiedler's research,relationship-oriented leaders seemed to perform better in very unfavourable situations.

Question 76

Hersey and Blanchard's situational leadership theory focuses on the readiness of the follower.

Question 77

Which type of leaders guide or motivate their followers toward established goals by clarifying role and task requirements?

A)charismatic
B)autocratic
C)transactional
D)transformational

Question 78

In a short essay,discuss Hersey and Blanchard's situational leadership theory.Describe the four specific leadership styles and explain the four stages of follower readiness.

Question 79

Which type of leaders inspire followers to transcend their own self interests for the good of the organization,and have a profound and extraordinary effect on followers?

A)transactional
B)charismatic
C)employee-oriented
D)transformational

Question 80

According to Hersey and Blanchard,which leadership style should work best with Hank?

A)telling
B)selling
C)cooperating
D)participating