Deck 25: Developmental Genetics

Question 1

The ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm are formed during the ____ stage of embryogenesis.

A)fertilization
B)cellular blastoderm
C)syncytial blastoderm
D)gastrulation

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The bicoid gene has what pattern of inheritance?

A)sex-linked
B)incomplete penetrance
C)maternal inheritance
D)autosomal

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Genes that specify the final identity of a body region are called _______.

A) bicoid
B) homeobox genes
C) homeotic
D) lineage genes

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What gene in humans prevents male development?

A)SRY
B)DAX1
C)SOX9
D)SXL

Question 5

Gap genes and pair-rule genes are examples of genes that determine _____.

A)the formation of body segments
B)the formation of the primary cell layers
C)the formation of cellular adhesion
D)the formation of the major body axis

Question 6

What is one characteristic of a homeodomain?

A)It is a transmembrane protein
B)It can bind to the minor groove of DNA
C)It is a protein domain encoded by a homeobox.
D)It binds to DNA at random sequences.

Question 7

Pole cells are responsible for forming what structures in an adult organism?

A)liver cells
B)gametes
C)nerve cells
D)hematopoietic stem cells

Question 8

A Drosophila larva that develops from an oocyte that has no bicoid mRNA will have what developmental defect?

A)only ventral structures
B)no dorsal structures
C)only anterior structures
D)only posterior structures

Question 9

The spatial arrangement of different regions in the body is called a _______.

A) pattern
B) morphogen
C) induction
D) segment

Question 10

Which segment gene is activated first in the Drosophila embryo?

A)pair-rule genes
B)segment-polarity genes
C)gap genes
D)myogenic bHLH genes

Question 11

What is the first stage of embryonic pattern development in Drosophila?

A)limb position
B)body axes
C)segmentation patterns
D)metamorphosis

Question 12

The morphological features that a group of cells will eventually adopt is called the _______.

A) positional information
B) cell fate
C) cell adhesion model
D) embryogenesis

Question 13

The consensus coding sequence of homeotic genes is called a _______.

A)TATA box
B)Pribnow box
C)homeobox
D)parasegment

Question 14

The _______ of a morphogen determines its effect on development.

A) size
B) homeodomain
C) color
D) concentration

Question 15

A mutation in which the fate of cell lineages is not synchronized in an organism is called a ____.

A)heterochronic mutation
B)apoptotic mutation
C)homeotic mutation
D)homeobox mutation

Question 16

The model organism for the study of plant development is _____.

A)Drosophila melanogaster
B)
C)Xenopus laevis
C)elegans
D)Arabidopsis thaliana

Question 17

Programmed cell death is called _______.

A) destruction initiation
B) apoptosis
C) myogenesis
D) morphogens

Question 18

In Drosophila embryos, the anterior compartment of a segment overlaps with the posterior compartment of a parasegment.

Question 19

Threshold concentration, morphogens, induction, and cell adhesion provide ________________ to a developing organism.

A)positional information
B)maternal effect genes
C)homeodomains
D)lineage tracing

Question 20

Molecules that convey positional information and promote developmental changes are called _______.

A) morphogens
B) determined
C) totipotent
D) apical

Question 21

What gene must be expressed in a Drosophila for it to develop into a female fly?

A)SRY
B)Hox
C)SXL
D)sex-1

Question 22

HoxC-6 is always expressed posterior to vertebrae 7 during the development of every vertebrate.

Question 23

A
C.elegans with a heterochronic mutation in lin-14 will lay eggs normally.

Question 24

Cell lineage diagrams are most easily prepared in which model organisms?

A)Drosophila melanogaster
B)
C)Xenopus laevis
C)elegans
D)Arabidopsis thaliana

Question 25

In humans, what gene determines maleness?

A)DSX
B)sex-1
C)SRY
D)SXL

Question 26

A mutation in the B genes of Arabidopsis would result in the incorrect formation of what structure?

A)Apical meristem
B)Flowers
C)Stems
D)Roots

Question 27

Antennapedia in Drosophila is an example of a _________.

A)Loss-of-function mutation
B)Gain-of-function mutation
C)Zygotic mutation
D)Segmentation mutation

Question 28

Homeotic genes activate other genes that determine the ____________ of each segment.

A) segment
B) parasegment
C) morphological characteristics
D) zygotic

Question 29

What is one way in which plant development differs from animal development?

A)Plants can develop only from somatic cells
B)Plants lack morphogens
C)Cell migration occurs in plants

Question 30

An XY human individual with a deletion that has inactivated SRY will developmentally be what sex?

A)Male
B)Female

Question 31

Skeletal muscle cell development is controlled by _______ proteins.

A) homeobox
B) basic domain
C) Hox
D) myogenic bHLH

Question 32

A homeotic mutation results in which of the following?

A)Incorrect formation of the body axes
B)Replacement of segments with parasegments
C)Replacing of one body part with another
D)Apotosis

Question 33

Studies of invertebrate and vertebrate development suggest that there is a universal body plan for animal development.

Question 34

The ABC model explains the process of _______.

A)brain development
B)flower development
C)sex determination
D)muscle development

Question 35

Hox complexes in mammals are homologous to invertebrate ______ .

A)zygotic genes
B)segmentation genes
C)homeotic genes
D)maternal effect genes